今日の英語ニュース☆2023.10.27☆時事英語・ニュース英語を極める
このnoteの目的は、アメリカのニュース番組が理解出来るようになる方法を伝えることです。その方法とは、英語字幕を読みながら英語ニュースを毎日見続けること。 こんな感じです（サンプルのスクリーンショット）。
使う教材は、上のリンクの動画です。
アメリカの公共放送PBSのニュース番組で、質の高い報道に定評がありますが、残念なことに、字幕に誤りがかなり含まれていることがあります。番組がアメリカで放送されてから約２時間で最終版の字幕がアップロードされますので、時間的制約を考えれば誤りは仕方がないことかもしれません。
しかし、英語学習者の場合、字幕に誤りがあると、変だと思っても、それが本当に間違いなのか分からないことがあると思います。あるいは、間違いに気付かないこともあるかもしれません。ですから、正確な字幕が必要です。
そこで、約１時間の番組ですが、英語音声をすべて聞いて、字幕の明らかな誤りを訂正したものをダウンロードできるようにしています（少し下にあります）。この字幕ファイルと動画をダウンロードして再生ソフトで使ってください（上のスクリーンショット動画のように再生できます。英語が速すぎる場合は、あまりおすすめしませんが、再生速度の調節もできます）。
また、このnoteや字幕ファイルでは、辞書を調べても分からないような英語表現を説明しています（辞書を引けば分かる言葉は、自分で調べてください）。辞書に載ってないような表現、辞書にあっても意味がたくさんありすぎてどれなのか分からない言葉、文脈の中で特殊な使われ方をしている言葉、背景の知識がないと分からない部分、ニュース英語や時事英語の独特な表現、知っていると訳に立ちそうな表現などを説明しています（書き加えた説明は[* ……] ）。
それでは、今日も一緒に英語のニュースを見ていきましょう！
■ 英語字幕ファイルのダウンロード
[PBS NewsHour Oct. 26, 2023] の字幕ファイルのダウンロード
（この字幕ファイルはテキストエディタ（windowsの「メモ帳」など）で開くことも出来ますが、下の「字幕ファイルの使い方」のように再生ソフト（無料）で使うことをおすすめします。こんな感じに表示されます。）ブラウザーによってダウンロードがブロックされる場合ば、下のテキストファイルをダウンロードして拡張子.txtを .lrcに変更して使ってください(例えば、Chromeは、.lrcのようなあまり使われない拡張子のファイルを危険と判断することがあるようです)。
■ 動画サイトへのリンク
・直接動画サイトを見る場合のリンクです(リンク先字幕の誤りは元のまま)
・分からない言葉はこの２つの辞書でたいてい見つかると思います
・上の字幕ファイルには、約１時間の番組の全字幕と語句説明があります
・以下はサンプル程度です
[00:00] Introduction
[02:27]★今日のおすすめ★ 'Never thought I’d grow up and get a bullet in my leg,' says 10-year-old victim in Maine
Lewiston, Maine, is the latest community to suffer devastating losses from mass shootings after a gunman killed at least 18 people and injured 13 others. The suspect remains at large and hundreds of officers are looking for him in a major manhunt. Laura Barron-Lopez reports from Lewiston.
《銃乱射事件、今度はメイン州ルイストン; 少なくとも１８人死亡、１３人負傷; The shootings are the worst mass killing in the country this year; a man opened fire with an AR-15-style rifle at a bowling alley and restaurant in Lewiston; Police say 40-year-old Robert Card is a person of interest and remains armed and dangerous; Just before 7:00 p.m. last night, that assault began inside the Just-In-Time bowling center; Robert Card, who is said to be a firearms instructor and a member of the U.S. Army Reserve; According to multiple reports, Card was believed to have made threats to shoot up a nearby military base and had been committed to a mental health facility for two weeks this summer; Wednesday's death toll is especially staggering for a state that only had 29 homicides in all of 2022; 》
[03:43] LAURA BARRON-LOPEZ: Just before 7:00 p.m. last night, that assault began inside the Just-In-Time bowling center, sending people scrambling for safety, including this man named Brandon, who says he first thought he heard balloons popping.
BRANDON, Witness: I had my back turned to the door. And as soon as I turned and saw it was not a balloon, he was holding a weapon, I just booked it down the lane, and I slid basically into where the pins are and climbed up to the machine and was on top of the machines for about 10 minutes, until the cops got there.
[** to book it = to take off quickly; to leave in a hurry (wiktionary)]
[09:38] News Wrap
The U.S. economy had a robust third quarter showing resilience despite inflation and recession fears, a strike by Canadian workers paralyzed the vital St. Lawrence Seaway linking the Great Lakes to the Atlantic, UAW workers started returning to work at Ford after nearly six weeks on strike and Hurricane Otis killed at least 27 people in Mexico.
《The Commerce Department reports growth ran at a 4.9 percent annual rate from July through September; It's the first time a strike has brought the St. Lawrence Seaway to a standstill since 1968; The two sides [* = UAW and Ford ] announced a tentative agreement last night, including a 25 percent general wage increase. The other big Detroit automakers, General Motors and Stellantis, are still negotiating; China's foreign minister opened a visit to Washington today, with the U.S. pushing Beijing to play a positive role in the wars in Ukraine and in the Middle East. Wang Yi was meeting with Secretary of State Antony Blinken and others. It could set up a meeting between President Biden and Chinese President Xi Jinping next month in San Francisco; The government of Pakistan has started setting up deportation centers in a crackdown on illegal immigration. Officials served notice today they will start arresting people on November 1. Those at risk include an estimated 1.7 million Afghans; FTX founder Sam Bankman-Fried testified today that lawyers played a vital role in the key decisions at the bankrupt cryptocurrency exchange. He's accused of criminal fraud; Congressman Jamaal Bowman has pleaded guilty to pulling a fire alarm in a house office building last month... Bowman has said he pulled the alarm by mistake. Republicans say he did it to delay a vote on a government funding bill; 》
[10:06] A strike by Canadian workers has paralyzed the vital St. Lawrence Seaway linking the Great Lakes to the Atlantic. Some 360 union members in Ontario and Quebec walked off the job Sunday, demanding higher pay. The strike has closed 13 locks between Lake Erie and Montreal.
[** lock = A segment of a canal or other waterway enclosed by gates, used for raising and lowering boats between levels ]
[13:08] In a New York federal courthouse, FTX founder Sam Bankman-Fried testified today that lawyers played a vital role in the key decisions at the bankrupt cryptocurrency exchange. He's accused of criminal fraud.
[** 以前の番組で取り上げた関連した話題 ]
[14:43]★今日のおすすめ★ UN official warns 'hell is settling in' as it struggles with Gaza humanitarian crisis
The Gaza health ministry run by Hamas released 200-plus pages listing those killed since Israel began its retaliatory air campaign for the October 7 terror attacks. The list shows more than 7,000 dead with nearly 3,000 children. It's an apparent response to President Biden's remarks doubting the death toll. Inside Gaza, the U.N. warned it is on a humanitarian precipice. Nick Schifrin reports.
《イスラエルとハマスの戦い20日目; Tanks crossed into Gaza early this morning. It is not an invasion, but the largest Israeli incursion into Gaza yet; Hamas vows to release all of them if Israel stops the bombing; Israeli airstrikes have destroyed about one out of every 20 Gazan buildings; in Brussels, the European Union today called for humanitarian corridors and pauses to speed the immediate delivery of humanitarian aid; ●UNRWA(国連パレスチナ難民救済事業機関)のガザ責任者Tom Whiteへのインタビュー; Israel is blocking fuel from coming into Gaza because it says Hamas steals fuel and already holds large stockpiles. have you seen any evidence that Hamas stockpiles fuel?; I'm not seeing any evidence that Hamas is stockpiling fuel; More than 600,000 Gazans are internally displaced and sheltering at some 150 schools-turned-shelters. That is three times those schools' intended capacity; these people are sheltering under a U.N. flag, and we cannot guarantee them protection. We have had over 40 of our installations with collateral damage. We have had five direct hits. It's cost the lives of 17 Gazans sheltering under the U.N. flag, and 281 people have been injured in our shelters because of fire; There is a very extreme shortage of numbers of trucks coming in to Gaza... What is causing the numbers of trucks to be so limited? -- what we're dealing with is a verification process that is run by the Israelis down on the Egyptian-Israeli border. That process is very slow; the commissioner-general of UNRWA today described Gaza as a place where "There is not much humanity left and hell is settling in"; where is our humanity to be allowing this level of death and destruction on the Gazan population? 》
[23:42] The horrific task Israelis face in finding and identifying Hamas terror attack victims
Hamas attacked southern Israel with ferocious terror nearly three weeks ago, killing more than 1,400 people. Now, as Israelis mourn their dead, many are still trying to find their loved ones. The task is monumental, painstaking and often horrific. Leila Molana-Allen reports. And a warning, the images and accounts in this story are disturbing.
《ハマスのテロ攻撃被害者の身元特定、過酷な実態; Leila Molana-Allen; By Jewish tradition, every part of the body must be buried; 》
[29:37]★今日のおすすめ★ House of Representatives gets back to work with new Speaker Mike Johnson
It was back to business on Capitol Hill as new House Speaker Mike Johnson spent his first full day meeting with the Australian prime minister and President Biden. Now, a major test of Johnson’s leadership awaits. Congressional Correspondent Lisa Desjardins reports.
《新議長で動き始めた下院; １日目の動きと今後の課題; "If indeed stopgap funding is needed," Johnson wrote, "I would propose a measure that expires January 15 or April 15." In other words, the new speaker is immediately getting behind the idea of a temporary funding bill, which is not something that the rest of his conference has always backed; All told, it's about $161 billion that the president is requesting; Talking to senators and Senate leaders, they are behind the Ukraine and Israel money right now; But keeping that together, the Ukraine money, has a very long shot. It's going to be very difficult in the House; 》
[30:24] But another big sign, Geoff, is that he knows that a stopgap or a continuing resolution funding bill might be needed, and he actually sent a memo out to Republicans, a dear colleague letter, yesterday.
[** = A "Dear Colleague" letter is an official correspondence which is sent by a Member, committee, or officer of the United States House of Representatives or United States Senate and which is distributed in bulk to other congressional offices. A "Dear Colleague" letter may be circulated in paper form through internal mail, distributed on a chamber floor, or sent electronically...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dear_Colleague_letter_(United_States) ]
[34:58] How new congressional maps in Georgia and North Carolina will impact 2024 election
House Speaker Mike Johnson will face the same struggle that plagued his predecessor, a narrow GOP majority. He will have to protect it in next year's elections and redistricting could complicate that. North Carolina has new congressional maps and a judge tossed out Georgia's maps. Amna Nawaz discussed more with Mark Niesse of the Atlanta Journal-Constitution and Rusty Jacobs of WUNC Public Radio.
《来年の選挙で共和党が下院多数党を維持できるか。それに大きく影響するとみられるジョージア州とノースカロライナ州の選挙区割りに関する裁判; Mark Niesse, the Atlanta Journal-Constitution; Rusty Jacobs, WUNC Public Radio; even though Black Georgians gained about 500,000 people in population, they lost representation in Congress. And so the U.S. district judge, Steve Jones, ruled today that that violated the Voting Rights Act; they have until December 8 to draw a new map; Democrats would likely gain a seat among Georgia's congressional delegation; this week, the North Carolina legislation approved new congressional maps; you're going to go from a 7-7 split right now between Democrats and Republicans to at least a 10-4 advantage for Republicans; Republicans in North Carolina have managed to do this year what they tried to do in 2021, drawing maps after the 2020 census numbers came in. But, in 2022, the Democratic majority in the state Supreme Court at the time said Republicans went too far... It was a landmark case, but it only lasted a year, until Republicans flipped the state Supreme Court majority in last year's midterms, revisited that partisan gerrymandering case, and have found that courts should play no role in policing partisan gerrymandering. That pretty much gave Republican lawmakers the free rein they needed, and they now have maps that guarantee them at least 10 congressional seats for 2024; North Carolina's maps are going to end up back in court; echoing what the U.S. Supreme Court said in this Alabama Milligan case that looked at the idea that the VRA, the Voting Rights Act, Section 2 is alive and well and meant to preserve voting power of high concentrations of Black communities, Black voters; That is a quirk of North Carolina. In fact, the governor now, the Democrat, Roy Cooper, was a leading legislator at the time that they enacted the governor's veto, but they left out redistricting. Maps cannot be vetoed by governors; So, the Supreme Court has recently upheld the Voting Rights Act. There will certainly be appeals. And their action in Alabama isn't any guarantee that they would rule the same way in Georgia's case, but it's certainly possible. That is the recent history of the Supreme Court, that they have upheld the protections of the Voting Rights Act that are meant to ensure Black representation; 》
[39:13] And I will say too, echoing what Mark was talking about, echoing what the U.S. Supreme Court said in this Alabama Milligan case that looked at the idea that the VRA, the Voting Rights Act, Section 2 is alive and well and meant to preserve voting power of high concentrations of Black communities, Black voters.
[** 関連ニュース ]
[41:44] Innovative warrant clinics help people take care of legal issues without risking jail time
In the United States, there are millions of outstanding warrants and the vast majority stem from low-level offenses like traffic violations. To clear these warrants and keep people out of jail, one group is taking a closer look at why people miss court in the first place and reimagining what it should look like. Christopher Booker reports.
《交通違反切符の放置などの軽犯罪で出された逮捕状。収監されずに解決する新たな取り組み; warrant clinic; People often miss court for three reasons. One, they simply forget that they have court. Two, they don't have transportation to get to court. Or, three, they have childcare responsibilities that they aren't able to get covered; In partnership with the national nonprofit Black Voters Matter, Anza Becnel, the founder of Growing Real Alternatives Everywhere, or GRAE, works with local judges and community grassroots organizations to run weekend warrant clinics; Held in the community, the clinic's atmosphere is far removed from the traditional courtroom. There is a deejay, food, and limited police presence. There's also childcare and transportation for those who need it; You might be able to extinguish your warrant by showing up to these clinics, but these fines and fees perhaps can still hang over your head; In just five hours, this clinic helped more than 200 people and lifted 160 warrants, a good day for the advocates here, but hardly a dent in this nationwide problem. Millions of Americans still live under the threat of warrants; Christopher Booker; 》
[43:42] CHRISTOPHER BOOKER: What actually happens when someone misses court?
WILLIAM SNOWDEN: It's very likely that a judge will issue what is sometimes called a bench warrant. Essentially, when a person does not show up to court, the judge will order this warrant for that person to be picked up and arrested and brought to court, so they can actually proceed with the case.
[** = A bench warrant is a summons issued from "the bench" (a judge or court) directing the police to arrest someone who must be brought before a specific judge either for contempt of court or for failing to appear in court as required. Unlike a basic arrest warrant, a bench warrant is not issued to initiate a criminal action...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrest_warrant#Bench_warrant ]
[45:01] CHRISTOPHER BOOKER: In partnership with the national nonprofit Black Voters Matter, Anza Becnel, the founder of Growing Real Alternatives Everywhere, or GRAE, works with local judges and community grassroots organizations to run weekend warrant clinics. Held in the community, the clinic's atmosphere is far removed from the traditional courtroom. There is a deejay, food, and limited police presence. There's also childcare and transportation for those who need it.
[** warrant clinics
see: https://blackvotersmatterfund.org/warrantclinics/ ]
[46:52] CHRISTOPHER BOOKER: Outside, 7-year-old Josiah (ph) and his sister, 11-year-old Faith, colored with a volunteer while their mother, Zeneva Ware, spoke with Judge Walker inside.
[** to color = to fill in a shape or picture outlined on a piece of paper using markers, crayons, colored pencils, etc. 塗り絵をする ]
[49:10]★今日のおすすめ★ Artist turns her work into love letters to husband fading into the fog of Alzheimer's
We bring you a story about art and love involving a Massachusetts artist whose work took a dramatic turn when her husband began to lose himself to Alzheimer’s disease. Rhode Island PBS Weekly reporter Pamela Watts reports for our arts and culture series, CANVAS.
《アルツハイマーの霧に見えなくなる夫、愛と葛藤を表現したアーティストの妻; Sara Holbrook & Foster Aborn; Pamela Watts; 認知症; アルツハイマー型認知症 》
[52:55] I kept him far longer than anybody said that I should have at home, because I loved him. And putting him somewhere just didn't seem right, but, eventually, I had to do it. We were really close to one another. And even when he was in memory care, we had fun. I danced with him when I would go in. You know, it was still very intimate.
[** = Memory care is a type of long-term care geared toward those living with Alzheimer’s disease or another form of progressive-degenerative dementia. People who require a higher level of support than what is offered in assisted living, or who have advanced dementia that makes it unsafe to remain at home, may find that memory care is their best long-term care option...
https://www.memorycare.com/what-is-a-memory-care-facility/ ]