今日の英語ニュース☆2023.05.31☆時事英語・ニュース英語を極める
このnoteの目的は、アメリカのニュース番組が理解出来るようになる方法を伝えることです。その方法とは、英語字幕を読みながら英語ニュースを毎日見続けること。 こんな感じです（サンプルのスクリーンショット）。
使う教材は、上のリンクの動画です。
アメリカの公共放送PBSのニュース番組で、質の高い報道に定評がありますが、残念なことに、字幕に誤りがかなり含まれていることがあります。番組がアメリカで放送されてから約２時間で最終版の字幕がアップロードされますので、時間的制約を考えれば誤りは仕方がないことかもしれません。
しかし、英語学習者の場合、字幕に誤りがあると、変だと思っても、それが本当に間違いなのか分からないことがあると思います。あるいは、間違いに気付かないこともあるかもしれません。ですから、正確な字幕が必要です。
そこで、約１時間の番組ですが、英語音声をすべて聞いて、字幕の明らかな誤りを訂正したものをダウンロードできるようにしています（少し下にあります）。この字幕ファイルと動画をダウンロードして再生ソフトで使ってください（上のスクリーンショット動画のように再生できます。英語が速すぎる場合は、あまりおすすめしませんが、再生速度の調節もできます）。
また、このnoteや字幕ファイルでは、辞書を調べても分からないような英語表現を説明しています（辞書を引けば分かる言葉は、自分で調べてください）。辞書に載ってないような表現、辞書にあっても意味がたくさんありすぎてどれなのか分からない言葉、文脈の中で特殊な使われ方をしている言葉、背景の知識がないと分からない部分、ニュース英語や時事英語の独特な表現、知っていると訳に立ちそうな表現などを説明しています（書き加えた説明は[* ……] ）。
それでは、今日も一緒に英語のニュースを見ていきましょう！
■ 英語字幕ファイルのダウンロード
[PBS NewsHour May 30, 2023] の字幕ファイルのダウンロード
（この字幕ファイルはテキストエディタ（windowsの「メモ帳」など）で開くことも出来ますが、下の「字幕ファイルの使い方」のように再生ソフト（無料）で使うことをおすすめします。こんな感じに表示されます。）
■ 動画サイトへのリンク
・直接動画サイトを見る場合のリンクです(リンク先字幕の誤りは元のまま)
・分からない言葉はこの２つの辞書でたいてい見つかると思います
・上の字幕ファイルに多くの語句の説明(今日は３５件くらい)があります
[00:00] 今日の番組内容
[02:46] ★今日のおすすめ★債務上限引き上げ法案 下院を通過出来るか 最初の試練は下院議事運営委員会
[04:21] REP. GREG CASAR (D-TX): I think it's right for Democrats to get this deal done, but for a large number of progressives to say, no, this entire process where the American economy can be held for ransom, that's a no-go [** no-go = something which should not or cannot be done (wiktionary)] .
[05:59] 債務上限引き上げ法案に反対するScott Perry下院議員(共和党、ペンシルベニア州選出、フリーダム・コーカス(House Freedom Caucus)会長)へのインタビュー
[07:58] If you don't have the votes to sink this bill, and the bill does move forward, would you move to remove Speaker McCarthy?
REP. SCOTT PERRY: Well, we're going to have that discussion after this is done, Amna, but we're not done yet. This is in Rules Committee. There still might be amendments in the Rules Committee. It still might not pass on the floor. And so I'm never willing to really handicap [* = to hinder, impede; to place at disadvantage ] those kinds of things, because you can get out ahead of your skis pretty quickly. [** 類似：out over one's skis = acting or speaking prematurely; getting ahead of oneself.(wiktionary) ]
[08:23] So, right now, we're focused on this and the debt ceiling and the fact, quite honestly, that the Senate hasn't passed anything, still is reluctant, apparently, to come to work. And so the House has had to negotiate against its own position [** < to negotiate against oneself 以前の番組に出てきました ] .
[08:39] We have passed a bill in the House of Representatives to deal with this. We think it's high time that the Senate passes something, even has a hearing, or even marks up [** < markup (名詞) = a U.S. Congressional committee session at which a bill is put into final form before it is reported out (Merriam-Webster)] , writes that -- the bill text of a bill down that they can pass, before we keep asking House members, what are you willing to give up to not have this circumstance on this debt that we -- where we are right now?
[12:41] 債務上限引き上げ法案への賛否を決めていないDebbie Dingell下院議員(ミシガン州選出、民主党)へのインタビュー
[14:08] But I have read the bill. And I have questions and have raised it. I think it guts the heart of NEPA [** = National Environmental Policy Act https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Environmental_Policy_Act ] , which is the -- considered the Magna Carta of environmental laws around the world.
[14:32] And, two, when you talk about work requirements, I think they're raising the age for people aged 50 to 54. Well, there's a group I'm really worried about, which is women who have had to leave the work force during this pandemic. It's the sandwich generation [** = the generation of people who are the children of baby boomers, whose lifestyle is governed by the fact that they must simultaneously care for the needs of their children and their own elderly parents ] . They're caregivers.
[14:53] The definition of a dependent that would be eligible is a child 1 to 6 or someone that is totally an invalid [** = a person who is confined to home or bed because of illness, disability or injury; one who is too sick or weak to care for themselves ] , they can't -- so most seniors don't fall into that definition.
[17:59] So I just feel betwixt and between [** = conflicted and unable to decide between two options; undecided about something ] . I feel like I'm between a rock and a hard place.
[19:04] 議会担当記者に票の行方や今日の展開を聞く
[19:05] AMNA NAWAZ: And congressional correspondent Lisa Desjardins has been counting the votes and following every twist and turn [** to follow every twist and turn = 展開や動きを逐一追う] on Capitol Hill throughout the day.
[20:05] I spoke to a House member who is part of the GOP leadership team. That member told me that they are -- haven't done a full whip count [** whip count = a whip count is an informal poll conducted by party leaders about major business on the legislative agenda of Congress. Typically, whip counts concern upcoming decisions on the House or Senate floor and they usually occur within days or even hours of the decision. https://larryevans.pages.wm.edu/whip-counts/ ] yet,
[22:26] AMNA NAWAZ: So, Lisa, the big question here is, do President Biden and Speaker McCarthy have enough pull [** pull = the power to influence someone or something; sway, clout. 影響力。求心力 ] with their parties to get the votes that they need in the House?
[23:23] 今日のその他の主要ニュース
[26:51] ウクライナ戦争初 モスクワの民間人地区にドローン攻撃 ウクライナ側は直接関与を認めず リポートのあとロシア世論への影響を専門家(モスクワの世論調査組織Levada CenterのDenis Volkov)に聞く
[28:31] Yevgeny Prigozhin [** 先日の番組に詳しい説明がありました ] , head of the paramilitary Wagner force that's been fighting in Ukraine, lashed out at the Russian Defense Ministry.
[28:43] YEVGENY PRIGOZHIN, Wagner Group Chief (through translator): Get your (EXPLETIVE DELETED) [** = asses] up from the offices in which you are to defend this country. You are the Ministry of Defense. You didn't do a damn thing to advance. The fact that they fly to your home, the hell with it. [** the hell with it = I'm disgusted, fed up with it, or want nothing to do with it ] Let your houses burn. And what do ordinary people do when drones with explosive crash into their windows?
[35:16] ★今日のおすすめ★メンタルヘルスと介護の問題に長年取り組んできたカーター元大統領夫人 認知症公表 カーターセンター(Carter Center)のKathryn Cadeに聞く
[41:15] ★今日のおすすめ★大学卒業生の子息への入学優遇制度 この問題についての本『Poison Ivy: How Elite Colleges Divide Us』の著者Evan Mandery(John Jay College of Criminal Justice教授)に聞く
[41:54] Why did colleges start giving preference to the children of alumni? And for the colleges that still use legacy admissions [** = 大学卒業生の子息への入学優遇制度] , how do they justify it?