今日の英語ニュース☆2023.09.13☆時事英語・ニュース英語を極める
このnoteの目的は、アメリカのニュース番組が理解出来るようになる方法を伝えることです。その方法とは、英語字幕を読みながら英語ニュースを毎日見続けること。 こんな感じです（サンプルのスクリーンショット）。
使う教材は、上のリンクの動画です。
アメリカの公共放送PBSのニュース番組で、質の高い報道に定評がありますが、残念なことに、字幕に誤りがかなり含まれていることがあります。番組がアメリカで放送されてから約２時間で最終版の字幕がアップロードされますので、時間的制約を考えれば誤りは仕方がないことかもしれません。
しかし、英語学習者の場合、字幕に誤りがあると、変だと思っても、それが本当に間違いなのか分からないことがあると思います。あるいは、間違いに気付かないこともあるかもしれません。ですから、正確な字幕が必要です。
そこで、約１時間の番組ですが、英語音声をすべて聞いて、字幕の明らかな誤りを訂正したものをダウンロードできるようにしています（少し下にあります）。この字幕ファイルと動画をダウンロードして再生ソフトで使ってください（上のスクリーンショット動画のように再生できます。英語が速すぎる場合は、あまりおすすめしませんが、再生速度の調節もできます）。
また、このnoteや字幕ファイルでは、辞書を調べても分からないような英語表現を説明しています（辞書を引けば分かる言葉は、自分で調べてください）。辞書に載ってないような表現、辞書にあっても意味がたくさんありすぎてどれなのか分からない言葉、文脈の中で特殊な使われ方をしている言葉、背景の知識がないと分からない部分、ニュース英語や時事英語の独特な表現、知っていると訳に立ちそうな表現などを説明しています（書き加えた説明は[* ……] ）。
それでは、今日も一緒に英語のニュースを見ていきましょう！
■ 英語字幕ファイルのダウンロード
[PBS NewsHour Sept. 12, 2023] の字幕ファイルのダウンロード
（この字幕ファイルはテキストエディタ（windowsの「メモ帳」など）で開くことも出来ますが、下の「字幕ファイルの使い方」のように再生ソフト（無料）で使うことをおすすめします。こんな感じに表示されます。）ブラウザーによってダウンロードがブロックされる場合ば、下のテキストファイルをダウンロードして拡張子.txtを .lrcに変更して使ってください(例えば、Chromeは、.lrcのようなあまり使われない拡張子のファイルを危険と判断することがあるようです)。
■ 動画サイトへのリンク
・直接動画サイトを見る場合のリンクです(リンク先字幕の誤りは元のまま)
・分からない言葉はこの２つの辞書でたいてい見つかると思います
・上の字幕ファイルには、約１時間の番組の全字幕と語句説明があります
・以下はサンプル程度です
[00:00] Introduction
[02:28] Thousands dead after earthquake and flooding in North Africa
Relief workers are responding to dual disasters in North Africa. The death toll in the Morocco earthquake has topped 2,900 while Libya counts at least 5,300 killed in catastrophic flooding. Special correspondent Alex Cadier reports.
《Morocco earthquake, more than 2,900 dead; Libya flooding, more than 5,300 dead; モロッコ地震、リビア洪水、リビア東部洪水、Dax Roque, Libya country director for the Norwegian Refugee Council; Khalifa Haftar, general, Libyan National Army; Frederic Wehrey, senior fellow in the Middle East program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace; 》
[07:55]★今日のおすすめ★ What McCarthy and House Republicans hope to accomplish with Biden impeachment inquiry
Months of Republican allegations and investigations into President Biden have led to the GOP-controlled House of Representatives launching an impeachment inquiry. Republicans have lobbed unsubstantiated allegations against Biden since taking over the House, but have turned up no evidence of wrongdoing so far. Laura Barron-Lopez discussed the developments with Heather Caygle of Punchbowl News.
《The GOP-controlled House of Representatives has launched an impeachment inquiry into the president; バイデン大統領に対する弾劾調査; バイデン弾劾調査; House Speaker Kevin McCarthy; Heather Caygle, Punchbowl News; 》
[09:29] HAKEEM JEFFRIES (D-NY): Extreme MAGA Republicans have launched an illegitimate impeachment inquiry that is a kangaroo court, fishing expedition and conspiracy theater rolled into one.
[** kangaroo court = A judicial or quasi-judicial proceeding, or a group of people which conducts such proceedings, which is without proper authority, and often acts abusively or decides unjustly (wiktionary)]
[** fishing expedition = A search for information, especially incriminating information, that is conducted without specific direction or goal, in the hope that something may turn up ]
[10:35] Mr. Speaker, you are out of compliance with the agreement that allowed you to assume this role. The path forward for the House of Representatives is to either bring you into immediate, total compliance or remove you, pursuant to a motion to vacate the chair.
[** motion to vacate the chair = motion to vacate = 議会の前会期についてですが、ここに説明があります ]
[14:36] I spoke to one Republican pollster today who actually was conducting a focus group as they were texting me of Trump-to-Biden voters.
[** = a small group of people whose response to something (such as a new product or a politician's image) is studied to determine the response that can be expected from a larger population (Merriam-Webster) ]
[16:05] GOP Congresswoman Lisa McClain explains why she supports impeachment inquiry of Biden
The House Oversight Committee is one of several on tap to lead the Republican impeachment inquiry into President Biden. Republican Rep. Lisa McClain of Michigan sits on that committee and joined Amna Nawaz to discuss her support.
《Lisa McClain (ミシガン州選出、共和党); 》
[16:37] From the 1023s, from the SARs report , from the witness testimony, I think there is enough evidence that would warrant an impeachment inquiry.
[** 1023 = Form 1023 = A form that an organization files with the IRS to apply for tax exempt status under Section 501(c)3 of the Internal Revenue Code ]
[** SAR = Suspicious Activity Report = In financial regulation, a Suspicious Activity Report (SAR) or Suspicious Transaction Report (STR) is a report made by a financial institution about suspicious or potentially suspicious activity as required under laws designed to counter money laundering, financing of terrorism and other financial crimes... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suspicious_activity_report ]
[16:51] And I think the other thing that we have to understand about this is, with this, this allows us to work in conjunction, as opposed to silos, with the different committees.
[** silo = An organizational unit that has poor interaction with other units, negatively affecting overall performance (wiktionary)]
[17:03] And it will enable us to actually get the evidence that we haven't been able to get from these three-letter agencies. That's been kind of our frustration is, we have gotten stonewalled and delayed, which seems to be a tactic.
[** FBI、CIA、DOJなど https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphabet_agencies#In_national_security ]
[18:47] The House has essentially, what, 11 working days now to pass 12 funding bills and avoid that shutdown. How much of that do you think informed Speaker McCarthy's decision to announce this inquiry today, knowing this is something that the Freedom Caucus has been asking for?
[** to inform = to affect, influence; to give form or character to ]
[** = The Freedom Caucus, also known as the House Freedom Caucus, is a congressional caucus consisting of Republican members of the United States House of Representatives. It is generally considered to be the most conservative and farthest-right bloc within the House Republican Conference... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_Caucus ( Wikipediaの右上のlanguagesに日本語のページへのリンクもあります )]
[21:19] And one thing that Leader McCarthy has, I think, done an excellent job of is actually listening to all different factions of our conference. We have R-33 districts and then we have Biden-14 districts in our caucus. That's a very, very diverse caucus.
[** = 2020年の下院選挙で、民主党が共和党から議席を奪うことを狙った３３議席 ]
[** 2022年の下院選挙で選ばれた共和党議員のうち、2020年の大統領選でバイデン大統領が勝った選挙区選出の14人の議員の選挙区 ]
[22:08] News Wrap
In our news wrap Tuesday, North Korea's Kim Jong Un and Russian President Putin are set to meet to discuss a major arms deal, Iran identified five prisoners in the U.S. that it wants freed for five Iranian-Americans held in Tehran and advisers to the FDA say the leading ingredient in many over-the-counter cold medicines is essentially useless.
《North Korea's Kim Jong-un and Russian President Vladimir Putin are to meet and discuss a major arms deal; 金正恩プーチン会談予定; death of Tyre Nichols sparked federal civil rights charges against five former police officers; タイリー・ニコルズ; federal antitrust trial kicked off today, pitting the government against Google; グーグル独占禁止法訴訟、グーグル独禁法訴訟; Advisers to the FDA say the leading ingredient (= phenylephrine (decongestant, 鼻づまり薬) ) in many over-the-counter cold medicines is
essentially useless; フェニレフリンに効果なし; 風邪薬 》
[26:04]★今日のおすすめ★ CDC director discusses updated COVID booster as infections rise from latest variant
A new round of COVID-19 boosters will be available within days as cases and hospitalizations continue to rise across the country. The Food and Drug Administration approved the new shots Monday and a CDC advisory panel recommended the updated boosters for all Americans 6 months or older. Amna Nawaz discussed the latest with CDC Director Dr. Mandy Cohen.
《new COVID-19 boosters available within days; 新しいブースターショット、新しいブースターワクチン; Mandy Cohen, CDC Director; tripledemic; tridemic; 》
[30:21] We have been hearing a lot from medical professionals about this so-called tripledemic or tridemic of COVID and RSV and flu.
[** tripledemic = tridemic = COVID、RSV、fluの３つの同時流行]
[32:37]★今日のおすすめ★ The challenges Ukraine faces as counteroffensive slowly regains territory from Russians
Kim Jong Un's rare trip outside North Korea for an expected meeting with Vladimir Putin will focus on ammunition sales for Russia's war in Ukraine. Fighting remains fierce, especially in southern Ukraine, where Ukrainian forces are trying to recapture occupied territory. Nick Schifrin has returned to Ukraine and reports from Zaporizhzhia.
《ウクライナ反転攻勢現地リポート; Zaporizhzhia; ウクライナ戦争 》
[33:19] Ukraine is focused on two axes. The main one is just south of here through occupied territory to the key city of Melitopol on the way to Crimea. And the second one is in the east in Bakhmut, where the war's largest battle continues.
[** axis = The centre of attention within a process (wiktionary); a main line of direction, motion, growth, or extension (Merriam-Webster) ]
[38:00] Child poverty increases sharply following expiration of expanded tax credit
In 2021, as the economy reeled from the pandemic, a one-year expansion of the child tax credit led to a historic 46 percent decline in the child poverty rate. But new census data shows a dramatic reversal with the rate of children in poverty skyrocketing in 2022. Experts say it’s due to the end of pandemic-era safety net policies and inflation. Stephanie Sy discussed more with Catherine Rampell.
《child poverty rate in the U.S. has more than doubled just a year after dropping to historic lows; 児童貧困率が２倍に、子どもの貧困率; Catherine Rampell, NewsHour special correspondent, columnist at The Washington Post; supplemental poverty rate; supplemental poverty measure; 》
[38:53] We are talking about the largest one-year jump on record for what's called the supplemental poverty rate. That includes the value of government benefits.
[** < The supplemental poverty measure is a newer measure that takes into account additional factors to reflect the financial situation of people more accurately; these factors include tax credits, food assistance, and housing benefits received, as well as taxes, medical expenses, and child care costs paid, with varying thresholds based on geographic differences... https://www.americanprogress.org/article/the-latest-poverty-income-and-food-insecurity-data-reveal-continuing-racial-disparities/ cf. official poverty measure ]
[44:12] Shortage of mental health services for teens forces parents to take desperate measures
The COVID-19 pandemic revealed the enormous strain on the mental healthcare system for young Americans. Parents whose children have complex mental and behavioral needs have had to take desperate measures to get their kids treatment. Christopher Booker reports for our series, Early Warnings: America's Youth Mental Health Crisis. A warning, this story includes discussions of suicide and depression.
《Early Warnings: America's Youth Mental Health crisis; Christopher Booker; behavioral health; OhioRISE; 》
[45:30] CHRISTOPHER BOOKER: In recent years, Hannah has made multiple suicide attempts and experienced psychotic breaks.
[** psychotic break = psychosis = Psychosis is a condition of the mind that results in difficulties determining what is real and what is not real. Symptoms may include delusions and hallucinations, among other features. Additional symptoms are incoherent speech and behavior that is inappropriate for a given situation... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychosis ( Wikipediaの右上のlanguagesに日本語のページへのリンクもあります ) 精神病 ]
[48:20] CHRISTOPHER BOOKER: On top of limited services, parents also have to reckon with high costs.
[** to reckon with = to deal with; to take into account ]
[49:02] CHRISTOPHER BOOKER: Out of options, she says she had to accept an unthinkable alternative, surrender [* = 譲り渡す] Hannah to the state, which, by law, would be obligated to cover the costs.
LISA NORRIS: I had to try to sell to her that we're doing this because you have to get help. We're doing this because mom's trying to keep you alive.
[** to sell = to persuade or influence to a course of action or to the acceptance of something. 説得する]
[49:37] CHRISTOPHER BOOKER: In 2021, 12 percent of children who came into Ohio state custody entered primarily because of behavioral health needs.
[*** = Behavioral health generally refers to mental health and substance use disorders, life stressors and crises, and stress-related physical symptoms. Behavioral health care refers to the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of those conditions... https://www.ama-assn.org/delivering-care/public-health/what-behavioral-health ]
[50:04] CHRISTOPHER BOOKER: Even with funding, she says child protection agencies are struggling to find appropriate treatment for kids in need. KELLIJO JEFFRIES: We're failing children.
[** to fail = to disappoint ]
■ おすすめの辞書（時事英語やニュース英語に強い辞書）
■ 英語のラジオを聞く（BGM代わりにCNNやBBC）
■ 英語のテレビを見る（NBC News ・ ABC News）
■ セサミストリートで英語を楽しむ
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