今日の英語ニュース☆2023.11.30☆時事英語・ニュース英語を極める
このnoteの目的は、アメリカのニュース番組が理解出来るようになる方法を伝えることです。その方法とは、英語字幕を読みながら英語ニュースを毎日見続けること。 こんな感じです（サンプルのスクリーンショット）。
使う教材は、上のリンクの動画です。
アメリカの公共放送PBSのニュース番組で、質の高い報道に定評がありますが、残念なことに、字幕に誤りがかなり含まれていることがあります。番組がアメリカで放送されてから約２時間で最終版の字幕がアップロードされますので、時間的制約を考えれば誤りは仕方がないことかもしれません。
しかし、英語学習者の場合、字幕に誤りがあると、変だと思っても、それが本当に間違いなのか分からないことがあると思います。あるいは、間違いに気付かないこともあるかもしれません。ですから、正確な字幕が必要です。
そこで、約１時間の番組ですが、英語音声をすべて聞いて、字幕の明らかな誤りを訂正したものをダウンロードできるようにしています（少し下にあります）。この字幕ファイルと動画をダウンロードして再生ソフトで使ってください（上のスクリーンショット動画のように再生できます。英語が速すぎる場合は、あまりおすすめしませんが、再生速度の調節もできます）。
また、このnoteや字幕ファイルでは、辞書を調べても分からないような英語表現を説明しています（辞書を引けば分かる言葉は、自分で調べてください）。辞書に載ってないような表現、辞書にあっても意味がたくさんありすぎてどれなのか分からない言葉、文脈の中で特殊な使われ方をしている言葉、背景の知識がないと分からない部分、ニュース英語や時事英語の独特な表現、知っていると訳に立ちそうな表現などを説明しています（書き加えた説明は[* ……] ）。
それでは、今日も一緒に英語のニュースを見ていきましょう！
■ 英語字幕ファイルのダウンロード
[PBS NewsHour Nov. 29, 2023] の字幕ファイルのダウンロード
（この字幕ファイルはテキストエディタ（windowsの「メモ帳」など）で開くことも出来ますが、下の「字幕ファイルの使い方」のように再生ソフト（無料）で使うことをおすすめします。こんな感じに表示されます。）ブラウザーによってダウンロードがブロックされる場合ば、下のテキストファイルをダウンロードして拡張子.txtを .lrcに変更して使ってください(例えば、Chromeは、.lrcのようなあまり使われない拡張子のファイルを危険と判断することがあるようです)。
■ 動画サイトへのリンク
・直接動画サイトを見る場合のリンクです(リンク先字幕の誤りは元のまま)
・分からない言葉はこの２つの辞書でたいてい見つかると思います
・上の字幕ファイルには、約１時間の番組の全字幕と語句説明があります
・以下はサンプル程度です
[00:00] Introduction
[02:22]★今日のおすすめ★ Former State Dept. official on what's next in Israel-Hamas conflict
イスラエルとハマスの戦い５４日目／一時停戦延長のための交渉続く／04:06～ 専門家(Aaron David Miller)に聞く
Mediators in the Israel-Hamas war are working to win another extension of a six-day-old pause in fighting. Israel says it's willing to continue the pause if Hamas keeps releasing hostages. Hamas also claimed the youngest hostage was killed in an Israeli bombing before the ceasefire. The Israeli military said it's investigating the claim. Geoff Bennett discussed the latest with Aaron David Miller.
《Aaron David Miller, senior fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and a longtime State Department official in both Democratic and Republican administrations; In 2011, the Israelis traded 1,079 Palestinian prisoners in Israeli jails for Gilad Shalit's return; 》
[09:58] News Wrap
今日のその他の主要ニュース
Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer warned against letting criticism of Israel's actions in Gaza fuel anti-semitism, a U.S. military aircraft crashed into the sea off Japan, Rosalynn Carter was laid to rest after a funeral service in the Carters' hometown of Plains and the CDC reports life expectancy in the U.S. has jumped by more than a year as the pandemic wanes.
《A child born in 2022 could expect to live 77 years and six months, about the same as two decades ago. That is still well short of the nearly 79 years projected for those born in 2019 before the pandemic; A new forecast sees the global economy slowing next year. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development in Paris says that wars, inflation and interest rates will affect growth; five-alarm fire 火事の分類; 》
[10:21] CHUCK SCHUMER (D-NY): All Jewish Americans carry in them the scar tissue of this generational trauma, and that directly informs how we are experiencing and processing the rhetoric of today. The vitriol against Israel in the wake of October 7 is all too often crossing a line into brazen and widespread antisemitism.
[** to inform = to affect, influence; to give form or character to ]
[10:42] AMNA NAWAZ: Schumer also published an opinion piece in The New York Times in which he called the rise of antisemitism -- quote -- "a five-alarm fire."
[** five-alarm fire < One-alarm fires, two-alarm fires, three-alarm fires, etc., are categories classifying the seriousness of fires, commonly used in the United States and in Canada,[citation needed] particularly indicating the level of response by local authorities. The term multiple-alarm is a quick way of indicating that a fire is severe and is difficult to contain...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple-alarm_fire ]
[10:51] [** 日本関連のニュース(オスプレイ墜落事故) ] A U.S. military Osprey aircraft crashed into the sea off Japan today, killing at least one of the eight people on board. Video showed a helicopter searching the crash site. A life raft believed to be from the plane floated in the water. The tilt-rotor Osprey can take off and land like a helicopter. It's had a troubled safety record, including a crash in Australia that killed three U.S. Marines in August.
[13:34] House deal to secure aid for Israel and Ukraine could hinge on border funding
イスラエルとウクライナへの支援、鍵となるのはメキシコ国境の安全
With U.S. allies embroiled in wars overseas, members of Congress face a pivotal decision on whether to green-light more aid for Ukraine and Israel. The deal could hinge on U.S. border funding. Congressional correspondent Lisa Desjardins reports.
[15:17] [** 移民関連のparoleとasylumの違いについて] There are two key terms I want to talk about. And you have talked about this on there before. Parole, that is something that means that it's temporary and emergency. That's allowing people into this country for brief periods of time. The other is asylum. That is a permanent kind of state. Both of those things are things that Republicans want to limit, some very sharply.
[16:29] We're not going to vote for cloture on any type of legislation, supplemental legislation, unless it includes border security.
[** cloture = 以前の番組に出てきました ]
[18:34]★今日のおすすめ★ Mothers of Palestinian students shot in Vermont discuss recovery and possible motive
バーモント州でパレスチナ系の大学生３人が銃撃された事件／被害者のうち２人の母親に聞く
The shooting of three young men of Palestinian descent by a white man in Burlington, Vermont, has again stirred fears of rising Islamophobia and anti-Arab hatred. William Brangham spoke with two of the victims' mothers about their recovery and the possible motives for the attack.
《Hisham's mother, Elizabeth Price and Kinnan's mother, Tamara Tamimi; On Saturday night, these three college students, Tahseen Ahmad, Kinnan Abdalhamid, and Hisham Awartani, were shot and wounded by a stranger; 》
[20:53] ELIZABETH PRICE, Mother of Hisham Awartani: Well, he is -- he has what they call an incomplete spinal injury, hich means that he has sensation in his legs, but he can't move them.
[** < An incomplete injury means the spinal cord is still able to send some messages to or from the brain. People with incomplete injuries still have some feeling, function, and muscle control below the site of their injury...
https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/spinal-cord-injury ] w
[24:59] I can't get into the assailant's mind, but I can say this. They -- two of the three of them were wearing the traditional keffiyeh. And if he was close enough to be within earshot, they were also speaking a mix of Arabic and English, as they tend to do.
[** keffiyeh = A headdress traditionally worn by some Arabs, also used as a scarf (wiktionary). カフィエ ]
[26:10] ELIZABETH PRICE: So, I don't think they're surprised by what happened, because I think they have been on edge, and they felt like they have been targeted. And they have seen being -- targeting . I mean, the killing of that young boy a few weeks ago beginning of -- in October [** 関連ニュース ] means that there is -- there is a context in which this crime happened.
[27:10]★今日のおすすめ★ Southeast Asian cities face existential crisis as they sink while sea levels rise
海面上昇で沈む東南アジアの沿岸都市／タイからのリポート
Coastal cities in Southeast Asia, including Bangkok, Jakarta and Manila, face a mutually risky future: they’re sinking as sea levels around them are rising. Fred de Sam Lazaro reports from Thailand, in partnership with the Under-Told Stories Project at the University of St. Thomas in Minnesota.
[27:33] FRED DE SAM LAZARO: Just 30 miles from Thailand's capital, Bangkok, sits a temple on a small spit of land.
[** spit = a long, thin point of land that sticks out into water (Cambridge Dictionary) ]
[34:56]★今日のおすすめ★ How challenges to the Voting Rights Act could reshape the political landscape
投票権法に関する訴訟で政治勢力図が変わる可能性
Legal challenges surrounding voting rights in multiple states could alter the nation’s political landscape ahead of the 2024 elections. Georgia is redrawing its congressional maps after a judge ruled current maps dilute the power of Black voters. And another ruling could roll back decades of enforcement that protected minority representation. Laura Barron-Lopez discussed more with Janai Nelson.
《last week, the Eighth Circuit Federal Appeals court issued a ruling that could gut a key section of the Voting Rights Act. A three-judge panel said only the federal government, not private citizens or groups, can sue under Section 2 of the civil rights law. That could roll back decades of enforcement that protected minority representation; Janai Nelson, president of the NAACP Legal Defense Fund; in this specific ruling from the three judges, they said that the actual wording of the Voting Rights Act, Section 2, only allows the attorney general, the Justice Department, to bring these lawsuits; 》
[38:10] JANAI NELSON: It really defies logic, it defies reason, and it defies the legislative history of the Voting Rights Act in its entirety. It also defies the entire purpose of Section 2, which is to ensure that voters have an ability to vindicate their rights.
[** to vindicate = To defend, maintain, or insist on the recognition of (one's rights, for example) ]
[41:29] How COVID lockdown helped save the Tedeschi Trucks Band
コロナのロックダウンでリセット、テデスキ・トラックス・バンド
この部分は再放送です。今回は省略された部分があるので、前回放送の方を見ることをお勧めします。語句説明もそこにあります。
The husband-and-wife creative duo behind the 12-member Tedeschi Trucks Band have been called two of the best roots musicians of their generation. But after a decade of success and touring, they hit a rough period after the death of a bandmate. Susan Tedeschi and Derek Trucks sit down with William Brangham to explain how the COVID lockdown helped them reset creatively and write new albums.
[48:18] Boston exhibit reveals John Singer Sargent's methods and why his work remains relevant
画家ジョン・シンガー・サージェント
The great painter John Singer Sargent, an American expat, is the subject of a new show at Boston’s Museum of Fine Arts. It reveals much about his methods and why his work remains relevant more than a hundred years later. Special correspondent Jared Bowen of GBH Boston reports for our arts and culture series, CANVAS.
《Fashioned by Sargent, a new exhibition at the Museum of Fine Arts Boston that follows the threads of Sargent's process; 》
[48:51] JARED BOWEN: Painter John Singer Sargent had a way, a way of rendering the architecture of an arm, a splaying of the fingers, or an elevation of the chin so that we could know exactly what he saw inside and out.
[** to have a way of doing something = to do something in a particular way ]
[49:13] JARED BOWEN: Sargent was an American artist who became the darling painter of the upper classes on both sides of the Atlantic from the late 1800s through the turn of the century. His sitters had noble lineages and cascading jewels and paid six figures in today's money for the privilege of being painted by him.
[** sitter = A person who poses or models, as for a portrait ]
[50:12] JARED BOWEN: While the society portraits may have been Sargent's bread and butter, his true nourishment came from society's fringes. He relished painting bohemian poets, playwrights and musicians.
[** society portrait = a portrait commissioned by a notable individual with the intention of conveying the subject’s accomplishments and contribution to society, all the while depicting the individual as physically recognizable, regardless of the artists’ style...
https://thedali.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Mogols_keffer_final.pdf ]
[50:30] ERICA HIRSHLER: The costume is covered with beetle wings, which reflect the light and sort of shimmer blue-green. And the excitement of being able to paint something that was so unusual appealed to him.
[** beetle wing = (映像に映っているのは)タマムシの羽 ]
[50:56] Far from the Gilded Age drawing rooms, he says the painter was also drawn to the transgressors, and had the daring to paint them, and all at a time, not unlike today, when society was publicly wrestling with gender fluidity.
[** gender fluidity = The state of not strictly identifying as one distinct gender, perhaps identifying as a different gender at different times, or identifying as more than one gender at once. ジェンダーフルイド]
[51:43] PAUL FISHER: He's wearing a blood-red robe. And he's got cuffs and a collar that are highly pleated and somewhat feminine. So, Sargent is really sporting with gender here.
[** to sport with = to tease or play with ]
[52:10] On the one hand, he's a very sort of shy, quiet, retiring man who loves his work. On the other hand, the provocation is part of his making a career for himself.
[** retiring = shy and reserved ]