今日の英語ニュース☆2023.09.28☆時事英語・ニュース英語を極める
このnoteの目的は、アメリカのニュース番組が理解出来るようになる方法を伝えることです。その方法とは、英語字幕を読みながら英語ニュースを毎日見続けること。 こんな感じです（サンプルのスクリーンショット）。
使う教材は、上のリンクの動画です。
アメリカの公共放送PBSのニュース番組で、質の高い報道に定評がありますが、残念なことに、字幕に誤りがかなり含まれていることがあります。番組がアメリカで放送されてから約２時間で最終版の字幕がアップロードされますので、時間的制約を考えれば誤りは仕方がないことかもしれません。
しかし、英語学習者の場合、字幕に誤りがあると、変だと思っても、それが本当に間違いなのか分からないことがあると思います。あるいは、間違いに気付かないこともあるかもしれません。ですから、正確な字幕が必要です。
そこで、約１時間の番組ですが、英語音声をすべて聞いて、字幕の明らかな誤りを訂正したものをダウンロードできるようにしています（少し下にあります）。この字幕ファイルと動画をダウンロードして再生ソフトで使ってください（上のスクリーンショット動画のように再生できます。英語が速すぎる場合は、あまりおすすめしませんが、再生速度の調節もできます）。
また、このnoteや字幕ファイルでは、辞書を調べても分からないような英語表現を説明しています（辞書を引けば分かる言葉は、自分で調べてください）。辞書に載ってないような表現、辞書にあっても意味がたくさんありすぎてどれなのか分からない言葉、文脈の中で特殊な使われ方をしている言葉、背景の知識がないと分からない部分、ニュース英語や時事英語の独特な表現、知っていると訳に立ちそうな表現などを説明しています（書き加えた説明は[* ……] ）。
それでは、今日も一緒に英語のニュースを見ていきましょう！
■ 英語字幕ファイルのダウンロード
[PBS NewsHour Sept. 27, 2023] の字幕ファイルのダウンロード
（この字幕ファイルはテキストエディタ（windowsの「メモ帳」など）で開くことも出来ますが、下の「字幕ファイルの使い方」のように再生ソフト（無料）で使うことをおすすめします。こんな感じに表示されます。）ブラウザーによってダウンロードがブロックされる場合ば、下のテキストファイルをダウンロードして拡張子.txtを .lrcに変更して使ってください(例えば、Chromeは、.lrcのようなあまり使われない拡張子のファイルを危険と判断することがあるようです)。
■ 動画サイトへのリンク
・直接動画サイトを見る場合のリンクです(リンク先字幕の誤りは元のまま)
・分からない言葉はこの２つの辞書でたいてい見つかると思います
・上の字幕ファイルには、約１時間の番組の全字幕と語句説明があります
・以下はサンプル程度です
[00:00] Introduction
[02:35] News wrap
An American soldier who fled to North Korea in July is now back in U.S. custody, Sen. Bob Menendez and his wife pleaded not guilty to federal corruption charges, the mass exodus of ethnic Armenians out of Nagorno-Karabakh is accelerating after Azerbaijan recaptured the region and President Biden announced a $100 million research effort against drug-resistant bacteria.
《 政府閉鎖土曜日夜に迫る、federal government is edging closer this evening to a Saturday night shutdown; Seven candidates for the Republican presidential nomination hold their second debate tonight; ２回目の共和党の大統領候補者討論会; Trump will not participate; Judge Tanya Chutkan refuses to recuse herself from his election subversion case; Senator Bob Menendez and his wife pleaded not guilty; Army Private Travis King, who fled to North Korea in July, is now back in U.S. custody; mass exodus of ethnic Armenians out of Nagorno-Karabakh is accelerating; In Northern Iraq, authorities are investigating whether indoor fireworks caused an inferno that killed some 100 people at a wedding hall last night; President Biden announced a $100 million research effort today against drug-resistant bacteria, superbugs; the problem of drug-resistant bacteria worsened during the pandemic; Hyundai and Kia are recalling more than three million vehicles across the U.S. 》
[03:12] GEOFF BENNETT: Meantime, the Senate's Democratic Majority Leader Chuck Schumer pushed a bipartisan continuing resolution today to fund operations into November.
[** continuing resolution = C.R. = An act of Congress which extends the current governmental budget situation through allocation of further funds in the same manner as the current budget, to avoid a government shutdown due to lack of allocated funding (wiktionary). 予算継続決議 ]
[07:57] GOP Rep. Lawler on the disagreements in his party that could lead to a government shutdown
As the nation moves closer to a government shutdown, there is still no sign of a way out ahead of the Saturday night deadline. Whenever a deal is ultimately struck to avoid a shutdown or reopen the government, moderate Republicans will likely play a prominent role. Congressional Correspondent Lisa Desjardins discussed that with GOP Rep. Mike Lawler of New York.
《連邦政府閉鎖間近、解決には穏健派の共和党議員の役割が重要に、moderate Republicans; Biden administration increased spending by $5 trillion in two years in new spending; GOP Rep. Mike Lawler of New York; 》
[08:15] it's highly likely that moderate Republicans will feature prominently. New York Congressman Mike Lawler is one of them. He represents parts of the Hudson Valley, where he grew up and where he worked in government and politics for years before flipping a seat for Republicans and entering Congress this year.
[** to flip a seat for Republicans = (この文脈では)民主党の議員が持っている議席を、共和党にひっくり返す ]
[10:03] And so it's just not realistic to think that we're going to pass all 12 appropriations bills by September 30 in both the House and the Senate, go to conference, come to an agreement, repass them, and then have it signed into law by the president.
[** = 両院協議会]
[11:18] REP. MIKE LAWLER: I think it's rich coming from anybody in the Democratic leadership who allowed Nancy Pelosi to rule with an iron fist and never stood up to either leadership or the left wing of their party.
[** rich = highly amusing, often for being absurd or preposterous ]
[12:53] And so I have said repeatedly that I will do everything I can to avoid a shutdown and minimize any potential damage to my constituents. And I have no problem crossing the aisle to do that.
[** to cross the aisle = to cooperate with members of another political party. 他の党と協力する。(この文脈では)民主党と協力する // 関連表現： across the aisle = 以前の番組に出てきました(aisleの意味の説明もあります) ]
[14:56]★今日のおすすめ★ Antitrust lawsuit accuses Amazon of harming consumers and small businesses
The Federal Trade Commission and 17 states brought a sweeping lawsuit against Amazon, accusing it of violating antitrust laws. It’s the federal government’s latest suit aimed at curbing the power of Big Tech. The FTC and states allege Amazon illegally built and maintained a monopoly that harms customers and competitors. Geoff Bennett discussed more with John Newman of the FTC Bureau of Competition.
《Federal Trade Commission and 17 states brought a sweeping lawsuit against Amazon; FTC; antitrust laws; curbing the power of Big Tech; John Newman, deputy director of the FTC's Bureau of Competition; 》
[20:59] Cassidy Hutchinson discusses what she saw and experienced in the Trump White House
Cassidy Hutchinson made history last summer delivering explosive testimony before the January 6 committee. As a top aide to President Trump's chief of staff Mark Meadows, Hutchinson had a front-row seat to the final months of the Trump White House. She spoke with Amna Nawaz about what it was like to break with Trump and her new book, "Enough."
《Cassidy Hutchinson delivering explosive testimony before the January 6 committee last summer; top aide to President Trump's chief of staff, Mark Meadows; キャシディ・ハッチンソンへのインタビュー、新刊本『Enough』; 回顧録; トランプ政権末期の内情を知っている 》
[31:09]★今日のおすすめ★ America at a Crossroads: Political theorist promotes 'Our Common Purpose' plan to reinvent American democracy
岐路に立つアメリカ：分断の原因と解決策を探るシリーズの第１６回／政治理論学者Danielle Allenの提言／２１世紀のアメリカ民主主義を作り直すために
シリーズ 第１回 第２回 第３回 第４回
第５回 第５回 第７回 第８回
第９回 第１０回 第１１回 第１２回
第１３回 第１４回 第１５回
A new Pew Research Center study confirmed what you might already suspect: Americans feel intense dissatisfaction with the way our government currently works and a growing distaste for both political parties. One of the main voices calling for sweeping change is Danielle Allen, a political theorist at Harvard. Judy Woodruff followed her to Tennessee for her series, America at a Crossroads.
《Danielle Allen, a political theorist at Harvard, calling for sweeping change; Allen co-chaired a bipartisan commission for the American Academy of Arts and sciences that produced Our Common Purpose, a report detailing 31 recommendations on how to reinvent American democracy in the 21st century; 18-year term limit for Supreme Court justices; constitutional amendment on campaign finance laws; holding federal elections on Veterans Day; dramatically expanding the House of Representatives; ending partisan primaries; Judy Woodruff served on the commission; Institute of American Civics at the University of Tennessee in Knoxville; In 1929, there were some tough politics about exactly how to do reapportionment, and they just kind of gave up and decided to cap the size of the House as it was then at 435; 》
[42:10]★今日のおすすめ★ How the war in Ukraine and Russian influence is shaping Slovakia's upcoming election
When the war in Ukraine began, its western neighbor Slovakia was one of the first European Union countries to provide military aid. That support, as well as Slovakia’s westward orientation, could soon be ending. The nation of 5.5 million is slated for elections on September 30 and the party predicted to win is advocating for a more pro-Russian stance. Special correspondent Simona Foltyn reports.
《Slovakia; snap elections on Saturday; party predicted to win is advocating for a more pro-Russian stance; ウクライナの西隣スロバキアの解散総選挙、親ロシア政党の勝利が予想される; Simona Foltyn, special correspondent; SMER, conservative right-wing party that is leading the polls; the word SMER means direction; Robert Fico; Slovakia has been a member of NATO since 2004; In 1968, Soviet troops invaded what was then Czechoslovakia to crush the Prague spring; プラハの春; there's this narrative that Slovakia has always been under the oppression, which is something that's very easy for populists to tap into; Dominika Hajdu, GLOBSEC, a Bratislava-based think tank; Brat Za Brata, which roughly translates into Brothers For One Another, acting in concert with Russian authorities; 》
[47:55] SIMONA FOLTYN: And the disinformants [** disinformant = one who disinforms // to disinform = to give disinformation to // disinformationとmisinformationの違いは、以前の番組に説明があります。 ] seem to have taken a cue from Donald Trump after the 2020 U.S. election.
[50:23] Student research project draws attention to price disparities in low-income neighborhoods
A student research project in Boston is drawing attention to price disparities between grocery stores in high and low-income neighborhoods. Student journalist Sriya Tallapragada reports in this story produced during NewsHour’s Student Reporting Labs Summer Academy, where teens from around the country come together to hone their journalism, film and storytelling skills.
《student research project; price disparities between grocery stores in high and low-income neighborhoods; Sriya Tallapragada; 》