今日の英語ニュース☆2023.06.14☆時事英語・ニュース英語を極める
このnoteの目的は、アメリカのニュース番組が理解出来るようになる方法を伝えることです。その方法とは、英語字幕を読みながら英語ニュースを毎日見続けること。 こんな感じです（サンプルのスクリーンショット）。
使う教材は、上のリンクの動画です。
アメリカの公共放送PBSのニュース番組で、質の高い報道に定評がありますが、残念なことに、字幕に誤りがかなり含まれていることがあります。番組がアメリカで放送されてから約２時間で最終版の字幕がアップロードされますので、時間的制約を考えれば誤りは仕方がないことかもしれません。
しかし、英語学習者の場合、字幕に誤りがあると、変だと思っても、それが本当に間違いなのか分からないことがあると思います。あるいは、間違いに気付かないこともあるかもしれません。ですから、正確な字幕が必要です。
そこで、約１時間の番組ですが、英語音声をすべて聞いて、字幕の明らかな誤りを訂正したものをダウンロードできるようにしています（少し下にあります）。この字幕ファイルと動画をダウンロードして再生ソフトで使ってください（上のスクリーンショット動画のように再生できます。英語が速すぎる場合は、あまりおすすめしませんが、再生速度の調節もできます）。
また、このnoteや字幕ファイルでは、辞書を調べても分からないような英語表現を説明しています（辞書を引けば分かる言葉は、自分で調べてください）。辞書に載ってないような表現、辞書にあっても意味がたくさんありすぎてどれなのか分からない言葉、文脈の中で特殊な使われ方をしている言葉、背景の知識がないと分からない部分、ニュース英語や時事英語の独特な表現、知っていると訳に立ちそうな表現などを説明しています（書き加えた説明は[* ……] ）。
それでは、今日も一緒に英語のニュースを見ていきましょう！
■ 英語字幕ファイルのダウンロード
[PBS NewsHour June 13, 2023] の字幕ファイルのダウンロード
（この字幕ファイルはテキストエディタ（windowsの「メモ帳」など）で開くことも出来ますが、下の「字幕ファイルの使い方」のように再生ソフト（無料）で使うことをおすすめします。こんな感じに表示されます。）
■ 動画サイトへのリンク
・直接動画サイトを見る場合のリンクです(リンク先字幕の誤りは元のまま)
・分からない言葉はこの２つの辞書でたいてい見つかると思います
・上の字幕ファイルに語句の説明(今日は２５件くらい)があります
[00:00] 今日の番組内容
[02:59]★今日のおすすめ★ トランプ罪状認否／機密文書関連の３７件の重罪すべてに無罪主張／法廷で傍聴したWilliam Brangham記者に聞く
[09:31]★今日のおすすめ★ トランプ罪状認否／法律面の分析／元連邦検事のRenato Mariottiに聞く
[10:06] After all, Walt Nauta [** = Waltine Torre Nauta (born 1982 or 1983) is an American aide to former president Donald Trump... In June 2023, Trump and Nauta were indicted by a federal grand jury; Nauta was charged with six counts of federal crimes... The indictment alleges that, between November 2021 and January 2022, Nauta, acting under Trump's direction, moved boxes that included illegally retained classified documents from a storage room at Mar-a-Lago to Trump's residence... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walt_Nauta ] was there. He did -- wasn't actually arraigned today, because he did not have an attorney who was licensed in Florida there to represent him. But, nonetheless, he was present, and the former president was warned not to speak with him about this matter.
[11:11] RENATO MARIOTTI: So, Mr. Blanche is a very well-known criminal defense attorney. He is a New York attorney, not an attorney from Florida. So this is -- he's a bit out of his -- out of his lane there, but, nonetheless, a very well regarded white-collar criminal defense attorney [* < white-collar crime = The term "white-collar crime" refers to financially motivated, nonviolent or non-directly violent crime committed by individuals, businesses and government professionals... (wikipedia)] . He does not have national security experience. So that is one thing that I wouldn't be surprised if Trump tried to add in the future, is somebody who has experience dealing with the very unique statute that governs discovery [** = A pre-trial phase in which evidence is gathered; Materials revealed to the opposing party during the pre-trial phase in which evidence is gathered (wiktionary). 証拠開示手続き] in national security cases.
[14:28] But with the former president, it bears [* to bear = to warrant, justify the need for (wiktionary) ] noting that the jury has to be unanimous in order to convict the president on any count. And just one juror who feels strongly about and can really flip that script [** to flip the script = to reverse a situation, especially by doing something unexpected (wiktionary) ] and ultimately create a hung jury that forces the government to either retry the case or give up.
[14:53] Rod Blagojevich [** see: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rod_Blagojevich#Federal_trial_and_conviction ] in his first -- his first trial had a hung jury on all but one count because a single juror held out.
[15:55] 今日のその他の主要ニュース
[19:32] ウクライナ反転攻勢で地上戦激化 ロシアは空爆で反撃
[23:52] 債務上限引き上げ合意に不満を持つ共和党下院議員１１人／議事進行妨害をやめることを下院議長と合意／その取り引き内容とは／９月に再び政府機能停止の危機か／トランプ起訴に抵抗する共和党議員の動きとは
[29:46] Redditデータへの第三者アプリのアクセスに高額課金／多くの掲示板が抗議のブラックアウト／NPRのビジネス＆テクノロジー担当記者Bobby Allynに聞く／Redditユーザーだけにとどまらない影響／Redditの株式公開予定との関係
[32:32] BOBBY ALLYN: Yes, so Steve Huffman, who is the CEO of Reddit, has justified the new charges this way. He has said, popular tools like ChatGPT scrape [** to scrape = to extract data by automated means (from a format not intended to be machine-readable, such as a screenshot or a formatted web page); To collect or gather, especially without regard to the quality of what is chosen (wiktionary) ] Reddit for its wealth of conversations, for its wealth of data in order to train its A.I. models, as you just mentioned.
[33:47] BOBBY ALLYN: It's hard to know how this is going to shake out [** to shake out = to prove to be in the end; to turn out ] in the end.
[35:07]★今日のおすすめ★ トランプ起訴と他の政治家の機密文書問題との違い
[39:54] MARK ZAID: Some have said the Goldilocks [** Goldilocks = a happy medium or optimal point between two extremes.(Wiktionary) ちょうどいいところ] documents.
LAURA BARRON-LOPEZ: Mark Zaid says these 31 documents were chosen carefully by the special counsel.
MARK ZAID: It's not too secret, and it's not too challengeable, meaning these are documents that probably anyone who looks at them would understand, as a layperson, that the information is incredibly sensitive.
[40:35] Netflixの人気番組『Never Have I Ever(私の"初めて"日記)』最終シーズン／Poorna Jagannathan(プールナ・ジャガナサン)へのインタビュー
[42:50] POORNA JAGANNATHAN: Well, the funny thing is, as the seasons progressed, it became closer and closer to who I am. When I got this role, she was really funny. She parents in a different way from how I parent. She's super strict, no boundaries.
(LAUGHTER)
POORNA JAGANNATHAN: But, for example, Pati getting married, that was my life. My mother got remarried at 64. Or Devi getting ready for college, that happened this year. And my son's getting ready for college. So, for all of us, the show has really (INAUDIBLE) lives. And it's become very meta [** = self-referential; referring to oneself ] and therefore very weird and hard to let go of. I do believe this is the role of a lifetime for me.
[46:28] And in an industry where women of color aren't necessarily granted all that kind of agency [** agency = the capacity, condition, or state of acting or of exerting power ] to make decisions about the roles they play, the older women get, you're not necessarily given that many roles, and here you are, a 50-year-old brown woman, setting new peaks.
[47:54] 作家Cormac McCarthy死去／作家で文芸評論家のWalter Kirnと振り返る
[48:37] Cormac McCarthy, as we said, was one of our greatest writers, known for his violent and bleak depictions, his sort of dark view of the human condition [** = (usually preceded by the) What it means to be human; the experiences, characteristics, and limitations of life shared by all humans, as opposed to other lifeforms (wiktionary) ] .
[48:45] But in his own way, he never really wrote an uninteresting sentence. What informed [** to inform = to give form or character to ] his approach to writing?
[48:53] WALTER KIRN, Novelist and Critic: Well, Cormac McCarthy was kind of a hybrid of the great American novelists of the last 150 years. For some reason, he channeled [** to channel = to use or follow as a model ] in an authentic way, not as though he were copying others, everybody, like you say, from Melville on, really.
■ おすすめの辞書（時事英語やニュース英語に強い辞書）
■ 英語のラジオを聞く（BGM代わりにCNNやBBC）
■ 英語のテレビを見る（NBC News ・ ABC News）
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