今日の英語ニュース☆2023.12.13☆時事英語・ニュース英語を極める
このnoteで英語ニュースの語句説明を始めて、今日でちょうど一年になります。一日も休まずに、何とか続けることが出来ました ＾＾
ここで一つの区切りにしようと思います。
しばらく休んでから再開するかもしれませんが、今後のことはまだ決めていません。来年はアメリカ大統領選の年なので、ニュースが面白くなると思いますが…
このnoteで紹介した字幕ファイルの作り方や再生ソフトは、そのまま使い続けることができます。ぜひ、続けてください。
また、上の検索欄に語句を入れて「@wgc888の記事を検索」をクリックすると、ちょっとした時事英語辞典のような使い方が出来ると思います。タグを丁寧につけてきたので、わりと使えるものになっていると思います。
それでは、今日も一緒に英語のニュースを見ていきましょう！
■ 英語字幕ファイルのダウンロード
[PBS NewsHour Dec. 12, 2023] の字幕ファイルのダウンロード
（この字幕ファイルはテキストエディタ（windowsの「メモ帳」など）で開くことも出来ますが、下の「字幕ファイルの使い方」のように再生ソフト（無料）で使うことをおすすめします。こんな感じに表示されます。）ブラウザーによってダウンロードがブロックされる場合ば、下のテキストファイルをダウンロードして拡張子.txtを .lrcに変更して使ってください(例えば、Chromeは、.lrcのようなあまり使われない拡張子のファイルを危険と判断することがあるようです)。
■ 動画サイトへのリンク
・直接動画サイトを見る場合のリンクです(リンク先字幕の誤りは元のまま)
・分からない言葉はこの２つの辞書でたいてい見つかると思います
・上の字幕ファイルには、約１時間の番組の全字幕と語句説明があります
・上の字幕ファイルがメインです。以下はサンプル程度
[00:00] Introduction
今日の番組内容
[02:41] Zelenskyy makes his case to Congress for more U.S. aid in Ukraine's fight against Russia
ウクライナのゼレンスキー大統領、ワシントン訪問／ロシアとの戦争に支援継続を取り付けることができるか／06:27～ ３人の記者に聞く／争点はメキシコ国境の移民抑制
Ukraine President Volodymyr Zelenskyy is in Washington urging Congress to unfreeze badly needed military aid. The debate over U.S. aid comes as a declassified intelligence assessment details staggering losses for Russia. It shows nearly 90 percent of its pre-war force has been killed or wounded in Ukraine.
《Ukraine is also concerned that Hungary is on the verge this week of blocking tens of billions of dollars of European aid; And Ukraine is concerned that it won't be able to pay its bills. Its government needs $4 billion a month just to pay its bills; it's important to note that the Pentagon says it still has $900 million worth of funds that it could use to replenish for weapons that it can still send to Ukraine today, even if Congress doesn't pass that aid; the president, as well as the White House, has made clear time and time again that if additional funding is not passed by Congress, then the money that they currently have allocated for Ukraine, it runs out at the end of the year; 》
[06:38] President Zelenskyy made a passionate, powerful case for continued support. What's the context we need to understand here for that message he's delivering?
NICK SCHIFRIN: Amna, it's a bit of a Hail Mary, because, as Lisa reported, without significant border concessions, Congress is not going to pass the tens of billions of dollars that Ukraine needs.
[** Hail Mary = Hail Mary pass = An act done in desperation, with only a very small chance of success (wiktionary) ]
[14:52]★今日のおすすめ★ Biden warns Israel is losing global support over 'indiscriminate bombing' in Gaza
イスラエルとハマスの戦い６７日目／バイデン大統領がイスラエルに警告、ガザの無差別爆撃で世界の支持を失う
The UN General Assembly approved a measure calling for a humanitarian ceasefire in Gaza. The U.S. was one of ten nations to vote against the non-binding resolution. Before the vote, President Biden said Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu needs to change his hardline government, adding that Israel is losing global support due to its “indiscriminate bombing” in Gaza. Geoff Bennett reports.
[17:35] News Wrap
今日のその他の主要ニュース
Cheaper gas helped ease inflation in November, House Republicans moved to set a vote on formalizing their impeachment inquiry into President Biden, Republican presidential candidate Nikki Haley received a key endorsement in New Hampshire and Claudine Gay will remain president of Harvard after a backlash over her congressional testimony on campus antisemitism.
《The Labor Department's Consumer Price Index edged up just one-tenth of a percent last month from October. On a year-to-year basis, the rate dropped slightly to 3.1 percent from the previous November; Governor Chris Sununu is expected to come out for Haley. He's been a vocal critic of former President Donald Trump; In Pakistan, a suicide bomber blew himself up at a police station today, killing at least 23 people. A Taliban offshoot claimed responsibility; Google will appeal a federal jury verdict in San Francisco that found its android App Store operates as an illegal monopoly. Epic Games argued the system quashes competitors and ultimately hurts smartphone users;クローディン・ゲイ; 》
[19:22] Claudine Gay will stay as president of Harvard after a backlash over her congressional testimony on campus antisemitism. [** 関連ニュース ] The university's governing body issued a statement today saying -- quote -- "President Gay is the right leader to help our community heal and to address the very serious societal issues we are facing."
[21:59]★今日のおすすめ★ Why some climate experts are criticizing what’s happened at the COP28 climate conference
COP28閉幕間近、今回の気候変動サミットは茶番だったのか
As the COP28 climate conference comes to a close, countries are racing against the clock. More than 100 nations are pushing for a firm commitment to stop the use of coal, oil and gas after earlier drafts advocated for eventually phasing out fossil fuels. Geoff Bennett discussed more with Michael Mann, one of the climate experts critical of what’s happened at the summit.
《Michael Mann, director of the Penn Center for Science, Sustainability and the Media at the University of Pennsylvania; he wrote an op-ed in The L.A. Times, saying that not only has COP 28 failed to meet this moment demanding dramatic and immediate climate action, it has made a caricature of it; first of all, the host country, United Arab Emirates, is a fossil fuel state. It's a petro state. And the president of COP 28, appointed by the host, is, in fact, an oil executive; the president of COP 28 has been using language claiming that there's no science to back up the need to phase out fossil fuels, when, of course, the science overwhelmingly indicates we have to bring carbon emissions down dramatically to avert catastrophic warming; we resist calls to dissolve the entire COP process, because, as you just said, it is the only multilateral framework we have for global climate negotiations... What we do need is to mend it, not end it; We argue, for example, that we can't allow a single country like Saudi Arabia to prevent the agreement from passing. And so there should be something instead like a supermajority; 75 percent of participating countries have to agree to a particular resolution for it to pass; In the past, the enforcement mechanism was called name and shame... But some of these countries, like Saudi Arabia, have shown they have no shame. And so there need to be real penalties for bad actors who essentially are trying to prevent any meaningful progress from taking place; We're not talking about sort of stopping all fossil fuel production cold turkey. What we're talking about is a steady transition, bringing carbon emissions down 50 percent this decade, bringing them down to zero by mid-century. And we have the technology to do that, renewable energy, solar, wind, geothermal. We don't need new technology. We just need the political will to make this transition; 》
[22:20] Michael Mann has been among those climate experts critical of what's happened at this summit. He's the director of the Penn Center for Science, Sustainability and the Media at the University of Pennsylvania. His new book is "Our Fragile Moment: How Lessons from Earth's Past Can Help Us Survive the Climate Crisis." Michael Mann, welcome back to the "NewsHour."
[** Michael Mannが前回この番組に登場した時 ]
[25:59] GEOFF BENNETT: Understanding that critics have made -- they have made the point that oil interests have co-opted COP, there are any number of countries who say that completely phasing out fossil fuels hurts them economically and puts them at a disadvantage. Do they have a point?
[** to co-opt = to commandeer, appropriate or take over (wiktionary) ]
[27:29] We're not talking about sort of stopping all fossil fuel production cold turkey. What we're talking about is a steady transition, bringing carbon emissions down 50 percent this decade, bringing them down to zero by mid-century.
[** to stop cold turkey = To stop doing or using something abruptly and completely. The phrase is most often used to describe the cessation of an addiction (thefreedictionary).]
[28:14]★今日のおすすめ★ Investigation reveals Chinese seafood caught and processed using forced labor sold in U.S.
ウイグル族に強いられる中国産水産物加工／新疆ウイグル族強制労働産品の輸入が禁止されているはずのアメリカで食卓に並んでいる現実
An investigation into Chinese fishing fleets and processing centers has discovered that seafood produced with forced labor is making its way to American dinner tables. That's despite a U.S. ban on imports made by workers from China’s Xinjiang province. That region is home to Muslim minority Uyghurs who have been the victims of well-documented human rights violations. John Yang reports.
《An investigation by the not-for-profit journalism organization called The Outlaw Ocean Project has documented human rights, labor, and environmental concerns related to the Chinese fleet; Ian Urbina, founder and executive editor of of The Outlaw Ocean Project; The Uyghurs are a Muslim minority in China; there's this general policy from the Chinese government to try to relocate many of the Uyghurs in Xinjiang and disperse them elsewhere in the country to sort of pacify the population, if you will. So there's a huge state-run labor transfer program with thousands of Uyghurs that are forcibly removed from this inland province, Xinjiang, and transported 2,000 miles away to the other side of the country to work in the factories; China's fishing fleet is in many ways sort of an arm of its geopolitical agenda. It's sort of a projection of power. And so, if you look at places like the South China Sea, contested waters in that area, the fishing fleet is essentially acting as a civilian militia; 》
[31:11] JOHN YANG: This investigation represents four years of work by Ian Urbina, the executive editor of The Outlaw Ocean Project.
[** Ian Urbinaが前回この番組に登場した時 ]
[33:28] JOHN YANG: You also found violations of law in the way they fished and also environmental violations. IAN URBINA: Yes, many cases of shark-finning, of invasions of sovereignty.
[** Shark finning is the act of removing fins from sharks and discarding the rest of the shark back into the ocean. This act is prohibited in many countries...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shark_finning
鮫からフカヒレだけ切り落として、残りを生きたまま海に捨てる違法漁法 ]
[35:14] How a New York state law opened Sean 'Diddy' Combs to sexual assault lawsuits
ショーン・コムズ、１９９０年代初めの性的暴行で提訴される／出訴期限が過ぎた過去の性暴力・虐待について一年間だけ提訴を認めるニューヨーク州法
Four women are suing hip-hop mogul Sean “Diddy” Combs over sexual assault allegations dating back to the early 90s. Previously, those lawsuits couldn’t have been filed because of the statute of limitations. But most were filed under a New York state law that allowed survivors a one-year window to sue for past abuse. Amna Nawaz discussed more with attorney Mariann Wang and Sidney Madden of NPR.
《Adult Survivors Act; we know one of those lawsuits was filed by R&B singer Casandra Ventura. She's known as Cassie, the former girlfriend of Sean "Diddy" Combs; it's something that takes years to understand and get healthy from and get to a place where you actually feel like maybe you can pursue something and can face this perpetrator again in court. It's not an easy thing, and I think the public and the legislators should understand that, and that should be reflected in extending or even eliminating statutes of limitations; 》
[38:30] In the civil suit that Cassie filed, she detailed almost a decade of psychological and physical abuse, moments where he had complete control over her life, coercion. She even alleged that he raped her in her own home towards the end of their relationship and that he once blew up the car of a man who was interested in Cassie. So the details of this case filing were absolutely explosive, no pun intended there.
[** no pun intended = Used to indicate acknowledgment that what one has just said, or what one is about to say, could be viewed as a pun, but was/is not used as a pun (wiktionary) //
この文脈では、訴訟の具体的内容がexplosive(ショッキングで驚くべきこと)なのと、実際に車を爆破させたことが、洒落のように聞こえなくもないので、洒落を意図しているわけじゃない、と付け加えた ]
[39:54] As you said, Diddy is one of the most powerful people in this space, though. When you look at this, is this a moment of a larger reckoning in the industry, or is that going too far?
[** moment of reckoning = 過去を清算する時、審判の時 ]
[40:38] There are a lot of big events that are coming up that will determine where Diddy and others lie in terms of their own cultural capital, things like the Grammys, which Diddy is nominated in the 2024 ceremony upcoming. That's when we will really see the power of his proximity, the power of his bank account, and how people relate to him and align with him going forward.
[** cultural capital = In the field of sociology, cultural capital comprises the social assets of a person (education, intellect, style of speech, style of dress, etc.) that promote social mobility in a stratified society... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_capital ( Wikipediaの右上のlanguagesに日本語のページへのリンクもあります ) 文化資本 // Karl Marx believed economic capital (money and assets) dictated your position in a social order. Bourdieu believed that cultural capital played an important, and subtle role. For both Marx and Bourdieu the more capital you have the more powerful you are... https://www.culturallearningalliance.org.uk/what-is-cultural-capital/ ]
[** proximity = being close to those with influence and connections; networking ]
[41:00] AMNA NAWAZ: Mariann, meanwhile, all these other many, many women are searching for justice in their cases. The deadline for this Adult Survivors Act has now passed. So now what? What happens with those cases? What happens with anyone else who wants to come forward with a case from long ago?
[** Adult Survivors Act
see: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adult_Survivors_Act ]
[42:41] Jewish Americans on how the Israel-Hamas war is affecting their Hanukkah celebrations
イスラエル・ハマス戦争、そして米国内の反ユダヤ主義／その中で、今年のハヌカーをどのように祝っているか、各地のユダヤ系アメリカ人に聞く
Hanukkah is Judaism’s celebration of finding light in the darkness. But for some Jewish Americans, this year’s celebrations are tempered by the ongoing war between Israel and Hamas and antisemitism concerns closer to home. We hear from people across the country about what Hanukkah means to them and if they are celebrating it differently this year.
[46:38]★今日のおすすめ★ What Shohei Ohtani’s unique $700M contract could mean for the future of baseball
大谷翔平のドジャーズ移籍と巨額契約／「大谷現象」の野球への意味とは
Shohei Ohtani’s $700 million contract with the Los Angeles Dodgers is the highest in professional team sports in North America. The 29-year-old from Japan dominates in both pitching and hitting and was the American League’s most valuable player this past season. Stephanie Sy discussed the Ohtani phenomenon, his unique contract and what it could mean for baseball with Joe Posnanski.
《it's a $700 million contract that doesn't really begin until 2034. So that's -- it's a very, very strange thing, and it's kind of hard to even get your arms around what it means; the thing that's so amazing about Shohei Ohtani is how driven he is, how driven he is to get better, how driven he is to, as we say, be a part of baseball history; 》
[47:38] So, Joe, how great is Ohtani? Is he baseball's GOAT, the best player the sport's ever seen?
[** GOAT = greatest of all time ]
ーーーーーーーーーーーーーー
[53:02] GEOFF BENNETT: Later tonight on PBS, "Frontline" presents a film about one of the biggest leaks of government secrets in U.S. history. "The Discord Leaks" focuses on the more than 300 pages of classified information posted on the chat platform Discord, allegedly by 21-year-old airman Jack Teixeira. [** 関連ニュース ]
[53:30] He actually skips high school graduation, because he's off to basic training at Lackland Air Force Base. He goes on to start taking the coursework that he needs to become a cyber transport specialist.
[** cyber transport = pertaining to computer networks and computer networking (wiktionary) ]
[54:46] SHANE HARRIS: One big question we have right now is, how did Jack Teixeira get a security clearance? Because, I mean, if we're looking at Jack Teixeira and all the things that he posted online, the racist, violent comments, the memes, the imagery and the fact that he ultimately is accused of leaking hundreds of classified documents, it's like, OK, well, wait a minute. There should have been red flags along the way.
[** meme = An Internet meme or meme... is a cultural item (such as an idea, behaviour, or style) that is spread via the Internet, often through social media platforms. The name is by the concept of memes proposed by Richard Dawkins in 1972. Internet memes can take various forms, such as images, videos, GIFs, and various other viral sensations...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_meme ( Wikipediaの右上のlanguagesに日本語のページへのリンクもあります )
インターネット・ミーム ]