今日の英語ニュースから [2023.03.09]
PBS NewsHour March 8, 2023
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[00:00] 今日の番組内容
[02:26]★今日のおすすめ★ ケンタッキー州ルイビル警察 黒人虐待や権利侵害
[02:36] She was shot and killed during a no-knock raid on her apartment nearly three years ago. [* no-knock = (US) Of a warrant, raid, etc.: allowing police to enter a property without immediate prior notification of the residents, as by knocking or ringing a doorbell. (Wiktionary)]
[03:18] Garland announced the city will sign a negotiated consent decree [* 同意判決 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consent_decree] to undertake major reforms.
[03:52] The city has already banned so-called no-knock warrants and paid $12 million to Breonna Taylor's family to end a wrongful death lawsuit. [* wrongful death = a death caused by the negligent, willful, or wrongful act, neglect, omission, or default of another (Merriam-Webster) 不法行為による死亡, 不法死亡]
[04:43] And, today, we issued a 90-page report that lays bare [* to lay bare = to expose to view, reveal] many severe and significant problems with the Louisville Metro Police Department.
[05:22] We also found that people who engaged in peaceful demonstrations and protest had their First Amendment rights infringed upon, particularly when the subject matter of their protest concerned
[* 合衆国憲法修正第 1 条。議会が宗教･言論･集会･請願などの自由に干渉することを禁じた条項; 1791 年権利章典 (Bill of Rights) の一部として成立
Amendment I.
Religious establishment prohibited. Freedom of speech, of the press, and right to petition.
(以下原文)
Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
]
[08:43] But what our 90-page report makes clear is that there is a systemic problem, that there has been a pattern and practice of conduct that runs afoul of [* to run afoul of = to get into trouble because of not obeying or following (the law, a rule, etc.)抵触する] the Constitution, that violates federal law, and that disrespects people's civil rights.
[11:31] 今日のその他のニュース
[15:37] 情報機関幹部らが議会で証言 ロシアの戦況判断、TikTok、新型コロナの起源など
[18:19] China has not fully cooperated. And we do think that is a key, critical gap [* = an incomplete or deficient area 不足した部分・不十分な点・欠けている点 ] that would help us to understand what exactly happened.
[18:36] Republicans and their witnesses went beyond the intelligence community conclusions and argued the Wuhan Institute of Virology, with U.S. funding, artificially combined viruses in a process known as gain of function [* 機能獲得(遺伝子操作で何らかの機能を増強、あるいは付加すること) ] , and those experiments created viruses that mirrored COVID-19's unique attributes.
[19:46] China has largely stonewalled efforts to investigate independently. [* to stonewall = to obstruct; to refuse to cooperate, especially in supplying information. 妨害する。協力を拒む]
[20:20] But it's not clear if the world will ever know the origin of a disease that has killed nearly seven million people and counting [* and counting = the number previously mentioned is continuously changing, i.e. increasing or decreasing. 増加中 ] .
[20:40] ワシントン特別区の刑法改正案を上院が否決
[22:35] D.C. spent 16 years on a Herculean [* = requiring a huge amount of work; of extraordinary difficulty.骨の折れる(仕事)。とても困難な ] rewrite of its outdated code that is over a century old.
[23:10] City Council doubled down [* to double down = to become more tenacious, zealous, or resolute in a position or undertaking] , overriding her veto.
[24:07] President Joe Biden announced he'd sign the congressional override. He said it was about keeping communities safe. That move blindsided [* to blindside = to catch off guard; to take by surprise 不意をつく。] many Democrats, including those on the D.C.
[25:23] Yet the message that we're soft on crime, while inaccurate, sticks [* = to persist.(イメージなどが)定着する。残る。とどまる。なかなか消えない].
[26:52]★今日のおすすめ★ 岐路に立つアメリカ：分断の原因と解決策を探るシリーズの第２回 歴史に見る分断 現在の分断が違う理由
[30:20] JUDY WOODRUFF: Mason opened her first book, "Uncivil Agreement," with the story of Robbers Cave [* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Realistic_conflict_theory#Supportive_research] , a famous social science experiment from the 1950s, when researchers brought fifth grade boys to a summer camp outside Oklahoma City.
[33:29] [* 現在の分断がこれまでと違う点を説明した部分]
LILLIANA MASON: Ultimately, what ended up happening is that our society changed in such a way that our parties started becoming different on their own, not based on the policy preferences, or not only based on policy preferences, but based on what Democrats and Republicans looked like, what kind of religious services they attended, what kind of cultural television shows they watched, where they lived. And so they started really becoming different from each other in a social way, not just in a sort of policy way.
JUDY WOODRUFF: Lilliana Mason argues that this stacking of identities on top of one another into what she calls a mega-identity has reinforced our basic human instinct for inclusion and exclusion, and that that helps explain the tribal politics we see today.
[34:15] I was a practicing Catholic for most of the years that I lived here. And I just needed to bow out completely, because I don't understand where this sort of militancy is coming from. And, in fact, it seems to have been created out of whole cloth [* out of whole cloth = でっち上げられた。whole cloth = pure fabrication ] in order to get people to show up at the polls, show up at events, show up at March For Life in Washington [* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_for_Life_(Washington,_D.C.) ] or whatever the cause may be.
[35:13] [* 現在の分断がこれまでと違う点を説明した部分]
Not that we have never had partisan animosity. The difference is that now, because of our sort of progress in terms of civil rights, not just for Black Americans, but for all Americans who have previously been marginalized, including women, is that we have associated the two parties with different sides of that story. Essentially, the left is now taking the position of, we want a fully egalitarian, pluralistic, multiethnic democracy. We have never fully had it, but we want to make it happen. And what Trump has been saying, right? -- "make America great again" is the definition of going back in time. And so there is this conflict between, do we want to move forward or do we want to move backward? That means that, every time we have an election -- and an election is basically a status competition, right? There's a winner and a loser. Rather than it's just being our party that wins or loses, now it feels like our racial group and our religious group and our cultural group is also winning or losing. So that makes the stakes feel a lot higher to us on a psychological level. We don't have a place to go together, right? That's much more of a tug-of-war, rather than a negotiation.
[36:20] Back in a storage room inside the museum, among collections of presidential fine china [* = porcelain 磁器] , history that is not yet fully written or understood.
画面の文字の説明
OFF WITH THEIR HEADS「奴らの首をはねてしまえ」
STOP THE STEAL「選挙泥棒を止めろ」
[38:33]★今日のおすすめ★ アカデミー賞ノミネート 映画『Stranger at the Gate』 プロデューサー(Malala Yousafzai)と監督に聞く
[46:24] (再放送) 盗まれて博物館に来た収蔵品をどうするか 過去を清算して今につなげる
[53:13] (再放送) オーロラの映像
[54:35] Seeing that in real life is on my bucket list. [* a list of things to accomplish before one's death. 死ぬ前にやりたいことのリスト < to kick the bucket = to die < A person standing on a pail or bucket with their head in a slip noose would kick the bucket so as to commit suicide. ]