今日の英語ニュース☆2023.08.29☆時事英語・ニュース英語を極める
このnoteの目的は、アメリカのニュース番組が理解出来るようになる方法を伝えることです。その方法とは、英語字幕を読みながら英語ニュースを毎日見続けること。 こんな感じです（サンプルのスクリーンショット）。
使う教材は、上のリンクの動画です。
アメリカの公共放送PBSのニュース番組で、質の高い報道に定評がありますが、残念なことに、字幕に誤りがかなり含まれていることがあります。番組がアメリカで放送されてから約２時間で最終版の字幕がアップロードされますので、時間的制約を考えれば誤りは仕方がないことかもしれません。
しかし、英語学習者の場合、字幕に誤りがあると、変だと思っても、それが本当に間違いなのか分からないことがあると思います。あるいは、間違いに気付かないこともあるかもしれません。ですから、正確な字幕が必要です。
そこで、約１時間の番組ですが、英語音声をすべて聞いて、字幕の明らかな誤りを訂正したものをダウンロードできるようにしています（少し下にあります）。この字幕ファイルと動画をダウンロードして再生ソフトで使ってください（上のスクリーンショット動画のように再生できます。英語が速すぎる場合は、あまりおすすめしませんが、再生速度の調節もできます）。
また、このnoteや字幕ファイルでは、辞書を調べても分からないような英語表現を説明しています（辞書を引けば分かる言葉は、自分で調べてください）。辞書に載ってないような表現、辞書にあっても意味がたくさんありすぎてどれなのか分からない言葉、文脈の中で特殊な使われ方をしている言葉、背景の知識がないと分からない部分、ニュース英語や時事英語の独特な表現、知っていると訳に立ちそうな表現などを説明しています（書き加えた説明は[* ……] ）。
それでは、今日も一緒に英語のニュースを見ていきましょう！
■ 英語字幕ファイルのダウンロード
[PBS NewsHour Aug. 28, 2023] の字幕ファイルのダウンロード
（この字幕ファイルはテキストエディタ（windowsの「メモ帳」など）で開くことも出来ますが、下の「字幕ファイルの使い方」のように再生ソフト（無料）で使うことをおすすめします。こんな感じに表示されます。）ブラウザーによってダウンロードがブロックされる場合ば、下のテキストファイルをダウンロードして拡張子.txtを .lrcに変更して使ってください(例えば、Chromeは、.lrcのようなあまり使われない拡張子のファイルを危険と判断することがあるようです)。
■ 動画サイトへのリンク
・直接動画サイトを見る場合のリンクです(リンク先字幕の誤りは元のまま)
・分からない言葉はこの２つの辞書でたいてい見つかると思います
・上の字幕ファイルには、約１時間の番組の全字幕と語句説明があります
・以下はサンプル程度です
[00:00] Introduction
[02:17] Federal judge sets March trial date for Trump's federal election interference case
March 4th, 2024, is the tentative date former President Donald Trump will face trial for federal charges related to his efforts to overturn the 2020 presidential election. It’s the result of a contentious hearing Monday where Trump’s attorneys sparred with special counsel Jack Smith’s prosecutors and Judge Tanya Chutkan. Geoff Bennett discussed the hearing with Carrie Johnson of NPR.
《トランプ裁判日程、March 4th, 2024、選挙結果転覆の連邦裁判、NPR justice reporter Carrie Johnson; 》
[06:57] News Wrap: Florida prepares as Idalia expected to strike Gulf Coast as major hurricane
In our news wrap Monday, dozens of counties in Florida declared emergencies as Tropical Storm Idalia is forecast to strengthen into a hurricane and strike the state, crews are still struggling to contain a record number of wildfires in drought-stricken Louisiana and the U.S. and China held talks on export controls for sensitive technology but there were no breakthroughs.
《Robert Crimo Jr. will stand trial, his son allegedly killed seven people at a Fourth of July parade in Highland Park; Commerce Secretary Gina Raimondo; Simone Biles winning a record eighth U.S. nationals title; 》
[11:43] What's next for Russia and Wagner Group in Africa following death of Prigozhin
For many, the fiery demise of Yevgeny Prigozhin was foretold two months ago after his failed mutiny against Russian President Vladimir Putin. But Prigozhin and his mercenary Wagner Group were an important expeditionary force for the Kremlin in Africa. Nick Schifrin discussed what's next for Wagner operations there with Vanda Felbab-Brown of the Brookings Institution.
《エフゲニー・プリゴジン死亡、ワグネル・グループの今後、アフリカでの影響力、Wagner Group; Yevgeny Prigozhin; Wagner has dispatched 5,000 people to about a dozen countries in Africa; Vanda Felbab-Brown, director of the Initiative on Nonstate Armed Actors at the Brookings Institution; Redoubt (Redut), Convoy new private military companies; 》
[21:28]★今日のおすすめ★ Where issues of race and activism stand 60 years after March on Washington
The March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom in 1963 was one of the most consequential racial justice and equality demonstrations in U.S. history and helped till the ground for passage of federal civil rights legislation. This weekend, thousands gathered for the 60th anniversary to remind the nation of its unfinished goals. Geoff Bennett discussed more with Lonnie Bunch and Janai Nelson.
《60th anniversary of the March on Washington; ワシントン大行進とキング牧師のI have a dream speech (『私には夢がある』演説)から６０年; Lonnie Bunch, the secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, founding director of the National Museum of African American History and Culture; Janai Nelson, president and director counsel of the NAACP Legal Defense Fund; Bayard Rustin; 》
[21:28] GEOFF BENNETT: It was one of the most consequential racial justice and equality demonstrations in U.S. history, the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. On August 28 1963, a quarter-of-a-million people rallied in Washington, D.C., to demand an end to segregation, fair wages and economic justice, voting rights, education, and long overdue civil rights protections. From the steps of the Lincoln Memorial, the late Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his most famous speech.
[** March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom = March on Washington = https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_on_Washington_for_Jobs_and_Freedom Wikipediaの右上のlanguagesに日本語のページへのリンクもあります。 ワシントン大行進 ]
[21:58] MARTIN LUTHER KING JR., Civil Rights Leader: Free at last. Free at last. Thank God almighty we are free at last! [** キング牧師の『I have a dream』演説の一番最後の部分。// 下のYouTube動画が、演説の音声と字幕の全文です 。音声とトランスクリプトはこのサイトのものを使用。]
[22:45] And I'd like to start, if we could, by talking about the history of the march, which I think is always important and instructive. Mr. Bunch, it was Bayard Rustin, as you well know, who organized the March on Washington.
[** Bayard Rustin = 以前の番組で取り上げています ]
[28:37] And back to the issue of protests, the founder of the Legal Defense Fund, Thurgood Marshall, said that protest is the foundation of American democracy. So this has always been how we have evolved our country to become a more perfect union.
[** Thurgood Marshall = Thurgood Marshall (July 2, 1908 - January 24, 1993) was an American civil rights lawyer and jurist who served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1967 until 1991. He was the Supreme Court's first African-American justice. Prior to his judicial service, he was an attorney who fought for civil rights, leading the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thurgood_Marshall Wikipediaの右上のlanguagesに日本語のページへのリンクもあります ]
[29:30] GEOFF BENNETT: Five years after the March on Washington, Dr. King gave a famous speech at the National Cathedral in Washington, D.C., where he famously said, "We shall overcome because the arc of the moral universe is long, but it bends toward justice." When you survey the arc of the last 60 years, what do you see?
[** the arc of the moral universe is long, but it bends toward justice = while justice may take a long time, the universe is working towards it. https://prepp.in/news/e-492-arc-of-moral-universe-bends-toward-justice-what-the-famous-phrase-means-upsc-current-affairs // この表現はキング牧師が使ったことで有名だが、１９世紀にすでに使われていた。https://quoteinvestigator.com/2012/11/15/arc-of-universe/ ]
[29:47] LONNIE BUNCH: Well, I think what you see is that we have made amazing progress, but that, in essence, the realization is that you are not going to be -- you're not going to continue to get to where you want to be unless you continue to fight and struggle for it, that, in essence, what's really clear to me is that we have a retrenchment. We have people that are pushing back against things that we thought were given, and that, in essence, that, while the arc may bend, we have got to help it bend in the right direction.
[** = Retrenchment refers to a phenomenon in which racial justice or equity gains are often followed by losses; this is a form of organizational, institutional or structural resistance to changing the status quo. Just in the beginning of the 21st century, the forces of resistance and retrenchment have appeared following gains in racial equity via affirmative action and health care reform, and in debates over reproductive rights and immigration reform. https://www.racialequitytools.org/resources/act/sustaining/resistance-and-retrenchment ]
[31:21] Tamara Keith and Errin Haines on Trump's trial date and who's seeing a post-debate bounce
NPR’s Tamara Keith and Errin Haines of The 19th News join Amna Nawaz to discuss the latest political news, including the date set for former President Trump's federal trial and his Republican opponents hoping for some new attention from voters after the first debate.
《月曜恒例：２人の政治アナリストと今週の動きを占う、Tamara Keith; Errin Haines of The 19th News; トランプ裁判開始日の2024年3月4日の翌日はSuper Tuesday; 》
[38:56] And if a child in Florida were to go to school today, this week and ask, what were the dynamics that contributed to that shooting happening, a teacher might not even really be able to explain to a child, based on the policies that Governor DeSantis has championed. It might be considered woke [** woke = 以前の番組にも出てきました ] to explain to a child what happened over the weekend.
[39:19] Maybe discussing the March on Washington, for example, might be OK, but another anniversary that we're marking today is the 68th anniversary of Emmett Till being murdered, which is not something that schoolchildren are supposed to learn about, because it makes people uncomfortable.
[** Emmett Till = 以前の番組にも出てきました ]
[41:14] Why some lawmakers want to reform the Endangered Species Act
This year marks the 50th anniversary of the Endangered Species Act. It was the most comprehensive legislation for preserving species at risk of extinction and made the United States a global leader in environmental law. But today, Congress is divided over how far its protections should go. William Brangham reports on the act’s legacy and uncertain future.
《50th anniversary of the Endangered Species Act; 絶滅危機種保護法; Jamie Rappaport Clark, CEO of Defenders of Wildlife, conservation nonprofit, former director of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Republican Representative Bruce Westerman trying to "reform" the Endangered Species Act; Robert Fischman, environmental law professor; 》
[48:32] A look at the major shakeups looming for college football's powerhouse conferences
The 2023 college football season is officially underway with some big changes looming. Starting next year, USC, UCLA, Oregon and Washington will move to the Big Ten while Arizona, Arizona State, Colorado and Utah will go to the Big 12, leaving just four schools in the PAC-12. Amna Nawaz discussed what these moves mean and what prompted them with Pat Forde of Sports Illustrated.
《college football; Pat Forde, Sports Illustrated; PAC-12; it's all about the money; 》
■ おすすめの辞書（時事英語やニュース英語に強い辞書）
■ 英語のラジオを聞く（BGM代わりにCNNやBBC）
■ 英語のテレビを見る（NBC News ・ ABC News）
■ セサミストリートで英語を楽しむ
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