今日の英語ニュース☆2023.12.06☆時事英語・ニュース英語を極める
このnoteの目的は、アメリカのニュース番組が理解出来るようになる方法を伝えることです。その方法とは、英語字幕を読みながら英語ニュースを毎日見続けること。 こんな感じです（サンプルのスクリーンショット）。
使う教材は、上のリンクの動画です。
アメリカの公共放送PBSのニュース番組で、質の高い報道に定評がありますが、残念なことに、字幕に誤りがかなり含まれていることがあります。番組がアメリカで放送されてから約２時間で最終版の字幕がアップロードされますので、時間的制約を考えれば誤りは仕方がないことかもしれません。
しかし、英語学習者の場合、字幕に誤りがあると、変だと思っても、それが本当に間違いなのか分からないことがあると思います。あるいは、間違いに気付かないこともあるかもしれません。ですから、正確な字幕が必要です。
そこで、約１時間の番組ですが、英語音声をすべて聞いて、字幕の明らかな誤りを訂正したものをダウンロードできるようにしています（少し下にあります）。この字幕ファイルと動画をダウンロードして再生ソフトで使ってください（上のスクリーンショット動画のように再生できます。英語が速すぎる場合は、あまりおすすめしませんが、再生速度の調節もできます）。
また、このnoteや字幕ファイルでは、辞書を調べても分からないような英語表現を説明しています（辞書を引けば分かる言葉は、自分で調べてください）。辞書に載ってないような表現、辞書にあっても意味がたくさんありすぎてどれなのか分からない言葉、文脈の中で特殊な使われ方をしている言葉、背景の知識がないと分からない部分、ニュース英語や時事英語の独特な表現、知っていると訳に立ちそうな表現などを説明しています（書き加えた説明は[* ……] ）。
それでは、今日も一緒に英語のニュースを見ていきましょう！
■ 英語字幕ファイルのダウンロード
[PBS NewsHour Dec. 5, 2023] の字幕ファイルのダウンロード
（この字幕ファイルはテキストエディタ（windowsの「メモ帳」など）で開くことも出来ますが、下の「字幕ファイルの使い方」のように再生ソフト（無料）で使うことをおすすめします。こんな感じに表示されます。）ブラウザーによってダウンロードがブロックされる場合ば、下のテキストファイルをダウンロードして拡張子.txtを .lrcに変更して使ってください(例えば、Chromeは、.lrcのようなあまり使われない拡張子のファイルを危険と判断することがあるようです)。
■ 動画サイトへのリンク
・直接動画サイトを見る場合のリンクです(リンク先字幕の誤りは元のまま)
・分からない言葉はこの２つの辞書でたいてい見つかると思います
・上の字幕ファイルには、約１時間の番組の全字幕と語句説明があります
・上の字幕ファイルがメインです。以下はサンプル程度
[00:00] Introduction
今日の番組内容
[02:42]★今日のおすすめ★ Israeli troops move south into Gaza's 2nd largest city amid pleas to protect civilians
イスラエルとハマスの戦い６０日目／イスラエル軍、ガザ南部のハーン・ユーニスを攻撃
A new phase in the bloody war in Gaza is underway. Israel is assaulting the largest city in the south, Khan Younis, and most of Gaza's population is now in that region. Despite pleas for more precision and fewer civilian killings from the U.S. and other Israeli partners, the thunderous campaign to root out Hamas continues. Amna Nawaz reports.
《for the first time, Israeli officials released their own death toll estimates in Gaza, saying 15,000 Palestinians have been killed, about 30 percent of whom Israel claims were militants. Gaza's Hamas run-Health Ministry says about 16,300 Palestinians have been killed, 70 percent of whom they say were women and children; 》
[07:29]★今日のおすすめ★ National security advisor discusses Ukraine aid as funding remains stalled in Congress
ジェイク・サリバン国家安全保障担当大統領補佐官に聞く／議会で行き詰っているウクライナやイスラエルへの支援、メキシコ国境安全強化
Tens of billions of dollars in military assistance for Ukraine and Israel, and money for U.S. border security, remain stalled on Capitol Hill. The Biden administration sent Congress a warning that Ukraine funding is set to run out by the end of the year. Geoff Bennett discussed the latest with National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan.
《if Russia succeeds in this fight against Ukraine, all of Europe is at risk. And history tells us that, when all of Europe is at risk, the United States will pay a lot more later than the sums we are paying today to support Ukraine in this fight; 》
[16:11] The global implications of the U.S. debate over Ukraine military assistance
ウクライナへの軍事支援を巡る米国内の議論、その国際的影響
As Congress continues the debate over Ukraine funding, Amna Nawaz discussed the global implications of the aid with Lisa Desjardins and Nick Schifrin.
《President Biden proposed a national security funding bill to include money for Ukraine, for Israel, and for border funding. But Republicans say there needs to be a change in border policy, and they said they don't think that Ukraine should be funded until that is taken care of. That's the basic impasse; 》
[17:31] MITT ROMNEY (R-UT): There's no reason to sit and listen to people talking about how important it is to help Israel and Ukraine. We know that. We get basically pabulum that's been available for weeks, which, by the way, we agree with, and an unwillingness on the part of Leader Schumer to discuss what it's going to take to actually get a deal done.
[** pabulum = food for thought, esp when bland or dull (thefreedictionary). 陳腐な考え (ランダムハウス) ]
[18:12] LISA DESJARDINS: That's right, screaming at generals. This is incredibly unheard of here in the Senate. But it just shows you, Republicans, including in the Senate, are digging in on border demands, Democrats saying, no, it's not time to discuss that. Let's fund Ukraine.
[** to dig in = to adopt a firm position, be obstinate and unyielding ]
[20:52] Republicans, when they're talking about border talks, what they want is a deal on the border, including asylum policy and parole, basically shutting down those to policies to most of the Southern Hemisphere.
[** 移民関連のparoleとasylumの違いについて、先日の番組に説明があります ]
[21:12] Now, Republicans, what they would like to do at the border is to sharply restrict asylum and parole. As we're saying, people would not be able to apply directly from Mexico, most people, versus Democrats. They say, hey, if we're going to open this up, we should be talking about DACA and including more status for people and maybe up some new asylum limits, but not going as far as Republicans want to go.
[** DACA = 以前の番組にも出てきました ]
[21:49] Senator Tommy Tuberville has released his hold on more than 450 military promotions and nominations. [** 関連ニュース ] Why the change now?
LISA DESJARDINS: How about that? I think the pressure has been on Senator Tuberville, including from Republicans
[** How about that? = That's surprising, remarkable, or pleasing. 疑問文の形をしているが、意味は違う ]
[23:01] News Wrap
今日のその他の主要ニュース
The House will vote next week on formally authorizing an impeachment inquiry into President Biden, North Carolina Republican Patrick McHenry says he won't run for reelection to the House, FBI Director Wray urged Congress to renew authority for surveillance without warrants outside the U.S. and a top European Union official issued a stark security warning for the holidays.
《President Biden suggested he might not have run for reelection if former President Trump weren't in the race; FBI Director Christopher Wray urged Congress today to renew the bureau's authority for surveillance without warrants outside the U.S. That authority comes from section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA); Both Republicans and Democrats are pressing for changes in the program. They have cited concerns that FBI analysts improperly accessed data on Americans during the January 6 riots and racial justice protests; ; Close to 400 Rohingya refugees are still stranded tonight off the coast of Thailand. U.N. officials say they have been at sea for two weeks, and some of them may die due to lack of food and water if they are not rescued soon; There is fresh data that shows students worldwide suffered unprecedented learning losses during the pandemic; the Program for International Student Assessment; ロヒンギャ難民; 》
[27:43] Palestinians freed by Israel reflect on time in prison and resumption of fighting in Gaza
人質交換でイスラエルの刑務所から解放されたパレスチナ人に聞く
More than 200 Palestinians detained or imprisoned by Israel were released last week during the truce between Israel and Hamas. Most of them were women and children. They are just some of the thousands of Palestinians held by Israel for a variety of alleged, and convicted, offenses. Nick Schifrin reports.
《Before October 7, they treated us well... They were respectful. But after October 7, they started hitting female prisoners; 》
[34:59] College leaders face congressional hearing over antisemitism and Islamophobia on campus
大学キャンパスでの反ユダヤ・反イスラムに関する議会公聴会
The heated debates on college campuses over the Israel-Hamas war made its way to Capitol Hill Tuesday. The presidents of several universities faced questions from the House Committee on Education and the Workforce about the protests that erupted after the October 7 attack and Israel's response. Geoff Bennett reports.
[38:03] ELISE STEFANIK (R-NY): Well, let me ask you this. Will admissions offers be rescinded or any disciplinary action be taken against students or applicants who say, from the river to the sea [** 以前の番組に出てきました ] or intifada, advocating for the murder of Jews?
[40:07]★今日のおすすめ★ Harris makes history with record-setting 32nd tiebreaker vote in Senate
ハリス副大統領、３２回目のタイブレイク票で史上最多／上院の歴史では合計３００回目のタイブレイク票
There was a milestone moment in the U.S. Senate Tuesday with the 300th tie-breaking vote. It was an even bigger moment in history for Vice President Kamala Harris, who has now broken 32 deadlocks, more than any other VP before her. Lisa Desjardins takes a look at Harris’ role in a polarized Senate.
《Kellie Carter Jackson, historian and professor at Wellesley College; Harris has now taken the record for the most ties from John C. Calhoun, perhaps the most influential white supremacist in U.S. history. He argued slavery was good for Black people; It took Calhoun nearly eight years to rack up 31 tiebreaking votes, but Harris beat that number in just over two; BILL BOLLING: As a political scientist, I'm often reminding my students that we are living in one of the most political -- politically polarized times in American history. And that's going to increase the frequency with which these tiebreaking votes occur; Joe Biden never cast a single tie vote as vice president; 》
[44:36] Tariq 'Black Thought' Trotter on his impact on hip-hop and new memoir, 'The Upcycled Self'
ザ・ルーツ(ヒップホップバンド)のブラック・ソートの新刊回顧録『The Upcycled Self: A Memoir on the Art of Becoming Who We Are』
The Roots are one of hip-hop’s most important and influential groups and lead lyricist and emcee Tariq Trotter, better known by his stage name Black Thought, has established himself among the leading rappers. The Grammy-winner tells his own story in, "The Upcycled Self: A Memoir on the Art of Becoming Who We Are." Jeffrey Brown spoke with Trotter for our arts and culture series, CANVAS.
[48:37] TARIQ "BLACK THOUGHT" TROTTER: Art saved me from becoming a statistic, as so many of my friends and family members and neighbors and just so many of my contemporaries had and have become.
[** statistic = One viewed solely as a piece of statistical or numerical information. この文脈では、例えば、麻薬や銃暴力で死んだ人の数のように、統計上の単なる数字 ]