今日の英語ニュース☆2023.08.12☆時事英語・ニュース英語を極める
このnoteの目的は、アメリカのニュース番組が理解出来るようになる方法を伝えることです。その方法とは、英語字幕を読みながら英語ニュースを毎日見続けること。 こんな感じです（サンプルのスクリーンショット）。
使う教材は、上のリンクの動画です。
アメリカの公共放送PBSのニュース番組で、質の高い報道に定評がありますが、残念なことに、字幕に誤りがかなり含まれていることがあります。番組がアメリカで放送されてから約２時間で最終版の字幕がアップロードされますので、時間的制約を考えれば誤りは仕方がないことかもしれません。
しかし、英語学習者の場合、字幕に誤りがあると、変だと思っても、それが本当に間違いなのか分からないことがあると思います。あるいは、間違いに気付かないこともあるかもしれません。ですから、正確な字幕が必要です。
そこで、約１時間の番組ですが、英語音声をすべて聞いて、字幕の明らかな誤りを訂正したものをダウンロードできるようにしています（少し下にあります）。この字幕ファイルと動画をダウンロードして再生ソフトで使ってください（上のスクリーンショット動画のように再生できます。英語が速すぎる場合は、あまりおすすめしませんが、再生速度の調節もできます）。
また、このnoteや字幕ファイルでは、辞書を調べても分からないような英語表現を説明しています（辞書を引けば分かる言葉は、自分で調べてください）。辞書に載ってないような表現、辞書にあっても意味がたくさんありすぎてどれなのか分からない言葉、文脈の中で特殊な使われ方をしている言葉、背景の知識がないと分からない部分、ニュース英語や時事英語の独特な表現、知っていると訳に立ちそうな表現などを説明しています（書き加えた説明は[* ……] ）。
それでは、今日も一緒に英語のニュースを見ていきましょう！
■ 英語字幕ファイルのダウンロード
[PBS NewsHour Aug. 11, 2023] の字幕ファイルのダウンロード
（この字幕ファイルはテキストエディタ（windowsの「メモ帳」など）で開くことも出来ますが、下の「字幕ファイルの使い方」のように再生ソフト（無料）で使うことをおすすめします。こんな感じに表示されます。）ブラウザーによってダウンロードがブロックされる場合ば、下のテキストファイルをダウンロードして拡張子.txtを .lrcに変更して使ってください(例えば、Chromeは、.lrcのようなあまり使われない拡張子のファイルを危険と判断することがあるようです)。
■ 動画サイトへのリンク
・直接動画サイトを見る場合のリンクです(リンク先字幕の誤りは元のまま)
・分からない言葉はこの２つの辞書でたいてい見つかると思います
・上の字幕ファイルには、約１時間の番組の全字幕と語句説明があります
・以下はサンプル程度です
[00:00] Introduction
[02:03] Why people in Maui were caught off guard by the deadly wildfires
At least 55 people are now confirmed dead after fast-moving wildfires ravaged the Hawaiian island of Maui this week. Those who did manage to survive now face the daunting task of piecing their lives back together. Stephanie Sy reports on the latest and Amna Nawaz discusses the disaster response with Chad Blair of Honolulu Civil Beat.
《ハワイ山火事; マウイ島; Maui、Hawaii; Chad Blair of Honolulu Civil Beat》
[05:41] STEPHANIE SY: The aftermath of the disaster has left Maui to grapple with physical and emotional scars. But the spirit of aloha [** ALOHA = "Akahai", meaning kindness to be expressed with tenderness; "Lōkahi", meaning unity, to be expressed with harmony; "ʻOluʻolu" meaning agreeable, to be expressed with pleasantness; "Haʻahaʻa", meaning humility, to be expressed with modesty; "Ahonui", meaning patience, to be expressed with perseverance. https://www.hawaii.edu/uhwo/clear/home/lawaloha.html ] is alive.
[11:01] News Wrap
Judge says Trump's right to free speech is 'not absolute' in election case; a federal judge overseeing the election conspiracy case against former President Trump warned his right to free speech is not absolute, FTX founder Sam Bankman-Fried is in jail after a judge revoked his bail, Islamic State gunmen in Syria ambushed a bus of soldiers killing at least 20 and Russia and Ukraine exchanged a fresh wave of aerial attacks.
[11:14] U.S. District Judge Tanya Chutkan agreed to a limited protective order [** protective order = In litigation, an order that prevents the disclosure of sensitive information except to certain individuals under certain conditions. https://www.upcounsel.com/legal-def-protective-order 秘密保持命令 ] banning Mr. Trump from publicly disclosing sensitive evidence in the case. She said that will help protect witnesses and prevent interference in the trial.
[14:38] What the special counsel appointment means for the Hunter Biden case
The long-running federal investigation of Hunter Biden entered a new phase with Attorney General Merrick Garland’s appointment of a special counsel. Delaware's U.S. Attorney David Weiss has run the investigation from the beginning and now has full authority over the case. John Yang discussed the appointment with NPR Justice Correspondent Carrie Johnson.
《ハンター・バイデン; 特別検察官任命; David Weiss; Delaware's U.S. Attorney;Trump appointee; NPR Justice Correspondent Carrie Johnson; ここからはトランプ裁判について; Judge Chutkan, Tanya Chutkan issued a protective order late in the day today in the Trump 2020 election case; Judge Chutka asked the defense to propose their date for the trial next Thursday; ８月２８日にこの件のトランプ裁判日程決定 》
[15:27] JOHN YANG: Later, Weiss said in a court filing that prosecutors and defense attorneys in Hunter Biden's tax and gun case are at an impasse and are not in agreement on either a plea agreement or a diversion agreement [** diversion programに関する合意 // diversion program = 以前の番組に出てきました ] . So, on those charges, Hunter Biden may be headed for trial.
[21:14] Supreme Court blocks Purdue Pharma bankruptcy plan shielding owners from lawsuits
The Supreme Court blocked a bankruptcy plan for drug maker Purdue Pharma that would have paid out billions of dollars to address the opioid epidemic and shielded the company’s owners from legal liability. The Justice Department argued that shielding the Sackler family from all future lawsuits was an abuse of the bankruptcy system. William Brangham discussed the implications with NPR's Brian Mann.
《連邦最高裁がPurdue Pharmaの破産手続きを阻止、オピオイド、OxyContin、Sackler familyに免責; NPR's Brian Mann; 連邦破産法の悪用を防ぐ》
[27:15] GOP presidential candidates try to win over voters at the Iowa State Fair
Butter cows, corn dogs and politics. These are just a few of the things top of mind for Iowans as they kick off the country's third largest fair this weekend. In attendance, nearly every major GOP presidential hopeful vying for the hearts and minds of the Hawkeyes ahead of the January caucus. Lisa Desjardins has been catching up with the candidates and voters.
《Iowa State Fair、アイオワ州、１月のアイオワ党員集会、North Dakota Governor Doug Burgum、Tim Scott》
[30:33] And there are two names that I keep hearing more and more, one, North Dakota Governor Doug Burgum. His name has come up from a number of voters here today, saying they are considering him. Why? They like his Midwestern sensibility. They think he's a can-do guy, not a career politician, someone who's had success in North Dakota, and has a very straightforward message. They don't see him as a bomb thrower [** A “bomb thrower” is used metaphorically to describe a person — often a politician or political operative — who uses provocative, inflammatory, or extreme rhetoric to disrupt the status quo or incite controversy. https://politicaldictionary.com/words/bomb-thrower/ ] . They see him as someone who could compete with Joe Biden.
[33:31] Brooks and Capehart on the appointment of a special counsel in the Hunter Biden case
New York Times columnist David Brooks and Washington Post associate editor Jonathan Capehart join Amna Nawaz to discuss the week in politics, including the fight for the Republican nomination and the appointment of a special counsel in the investigation of Hunter Biden.
《金曜恒例：２人の政治アナリストと今週を振り返る、New York Times columnist David Brooks、Washington Post associate editor Jonathan Capehart、》
[35:50] DAVID BROOKS: And so it may be we don't get to experience the Iowa experience because Trump is just going to just bigfoot [** to bigfoot = to behave in an commanding manner; to dominate] it.
[40:21] AMNA NAWAZ: I want to ask you both too about your takeaways from a big special election that I don't know if many people expected it would be as big as it was in Ohio this week during the summer, in a nonelection year. [** Ohio Issue 1のこと。以前の番組で詳しく取り上げています。 選挙結果 ] Hundreds of thousands of people turned out because abortion rights were ostensibly on the ballot. Ohioans voted not to allow a threshold change that would have made it harder to enshrine abortion rights later in November in the state Constitution.
[44:22] Hip-hop was born 50 years ago. Nelson George discusses its evolution and legacy
Hip-hop is celebrating its 50th birthday. It started with a back-to-school party on August 11, 1973, in The Bronx. Clive Campbell, known as DJ Kool Herc, improvised and played snippets in a loop on two turntables to keep the music and dancing going. Amna Nawaz discussed hip-hop's evolution with Nelson George, author of “Hip-Hop America,” for our arts and culture series, CANVAS.
《hip-hop誕生から５０年、Nelson George、It all started with a back-to-school party thrown by a young woman named Cindy Campbell on August 11 of 1973 in an apartment rec center in the Bronx and New York; Cindy asked her brother, 18-year-old Clive Campbell, better known as D.J. Kool Herc, to play music, improvising and playing break beats on two turntables in a continuous loop. And hip-hop was born; Hip Hop Honors; television show; Hip Hop America; book 》