今日の英語ニュース☆2023.08.31☆時事英語・ニュース英語を極める
このnoteの目的は、アメリカのニュース番組が理解出来るようになる方法を伝えることです。その方法とは、英語字幕を読みながら英語ニュースを毎日見続けること。 こんな感じです（サンプルのスクリーンショット）。
使う教材は、上のリンクの動画です。
アメリカの公共放送PBSのニュース番組で、質の高い報道に定評がありますが、残念なことに、字幕に誤りがかなり含まれていることがあります。番組がアメリカで放送されてから約２時間で最終版の字幕がアップロードされますので、時間的制約を考えれば誤りは仕方がないことかもしれません。
しかし、英語学習者の場合、字幕に誤りがあると、変だと思っても、それが本当に間違いなのか分からないことがあると思います。あるいは、間違いに気付かないこともあるかもしれません。ですから、正確な字幕が必要です。
そこで、約１時間の番組ですが、英語音声をすべて聞いて、字幕の明らかな誤りを訂正したものをダウンロードできるようにしています（少し下にあります）。この字幕ファイルと動画をダウンロードして再生ソフトで使ってください（上のスクリーンショット動画のように再生できます。英語が速すぎる場合は、あまりおすすめしませんが、再生速度の調節もできます）。
また、このnoteや字幕ファイルでは、辞書を調べても分からないような英語表現を説明しています（辞書を引けば分かる言葉は、自分で調べてください）。辞書に載ってないような表現、辞書にあっても意味がたくさんありすぎてどれなのか分からない言葉、文脈の中で特殊な使われ方をしている言葉、背景の知識がないと分からない部分、ニュース英語や時事英語の独特な表現、知っていると訳に立ちそうな表現などを説明しています（書き加えた説明は[* ……] ）。
それでは、今日も一緒に英語のニュースを見ていきましょう！
■ 英語字幕ファイルのダウンロード
[PBS NewsHour Aug. 30, 2023] の字幕ファイルのダウンロード
（この字幕ファイルはテキストエディタ（windowsの「メモ帳」など）で開くことも出来ますが、下の「字幕ファイルの使い方」のように再生ソフト（無料）で使うことをおすすめします。こんな感じに表示されます。）ブラウザーによってダウンロードがブロックされる場合ば、下のテキストファイルをダウンロードして拡張子.txtを .lrcに変更して使ってください(例えば、Chromeは、.lrcのようなあまり使われない拡張子のファイルを危険と判断することがあるようです)。
■ 動画サイトへのリンク
・直接動画サイトを見る場合のリンクです(リンク先字幕の誤りは元のまま)
・分からない言葉はこの２つの辞書でたいてい見つかると思います
・上の字幕ファイルには、約１時間の番組の全字幕と語句説明があります
・以下はサンプル程度です
[00:00] Introduction
[02:19]★今日のおすすめ★ A look at the damage after Hurricane Idalia slammed Florida as a Category 3 storm
Hurricane Idalia made landfall Wednesday blasting Florida with winds near 125 miles an hour and a wall of water that caused heavy flooding. Thousands chose to get out of harm's way, while others hunkered down for the first major storm to strike the state this year. So far, officials reported two rain-related traffic deaths. Geoff Bennett reports.
《Hurricane Idalia; John Dailey, Tallahassee mayor; Tree City USA; FEMA Administrator Deanne Criswell; 》
[02:47] After a night of raging wind and rain, Hurricane Idalia landed early today on Florida's Gulf Coast. Those who sheltered in place woke up to find flooded streets.
[** to shelter in place = (他の場所に避難しないで、その時いる場所で)屋内避難する・屋内退避する ]
[14:20] News Wrap
In our news wrap Wednesday, the White House announced a grant of $95 million to strengthen the electrical grid on the island of Maui following the wildfires there, a federal judge ruled Rudy Giuliani defamed two Georgia election workers by accusing them of ballot fraud in the 2020 vote and the U.S. says intelligence shows Putin is trying to buy weapons from North Korea for the war in Ukraine.
《Kremlin conceded the plane crash that killed Russian Yevgeny Prigozhin could have been foul play; former Roman Catholic Cardinal Theodore McCarrick (93) will not be tried on charges that he sexually assaulted a teenage boy in 1974. McCarrick has dementia; 》
[14:42] A federal judge in Washington ruled today that Rudy Giuliani defamed two Georgia election workers by accusing them of ballot fraud in the 2020 vote. The default judgment came after the Trump lawyer and adviser failed to turn over required documents. The judge also ordered Giuliani to pay more than $130,000 in legal fees for his accusers.
[** = Default judgment is a binding judgment in favor of either party based on some failure to take action by the other party. Most often, it is a judgment in favor of a plaintiff when the defendant has not responded to a summons or has failed to appear before a court of law. The failure to take action is the default. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Default_judgment 欠席判決。懈怠判決]
[18:48] Mitch McConnell freezes up during news conference for 2nd time this
For the second time this summer, Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell froze up while answering questions during a press conference. The Republican stared blankly for about 30 seconds Wednesday afternoon in Kentucky. There was a similar moment for the Senator on Capitol Hill last month. Congressional Correspondent Lisa Desjardins reports.
《Mitch McConnell; 1/3 of Senators over 70 years old; McConnell, at 80, is the fourth oldest; potential government shutdown at the end of September; 》
[21:21]★今日のおすすめ★ Gabon's military ousts president in latest coup in Africa
In the last two years, six countries across western and central Africa suffered what the UN has called an epidemic of coups. That number is now seven. Wednesday, soldiers in Gabon seized power immediately after election results were announced. Gabon is an oil-rich country and one of France’s most important allies in Africa. Nick Schifrin discussed more with Oge Onubogu of the Wilson Center.
《western and central Africa has seen an epidemic of coups; Gabon, 7th country since 2021; Gabon is an oil-rich country; Ali Bongo reelected for a third term, since 2009; before that, Ali's father, Omar Bongo, had been president for 41 years; Ali, under house arrest; Bongo family dynastic rule is the problem in the case of Gabon; Oge Onubogu, director of the Africa Program at the Wilson Center; people not necessarily in support of the millitary, but an opportunity for a transition; democracy in Africa in decline; military taking advantage; 》
[28:23] UNC newspaper editor on emotional front page featuring messages sent during shooting
A shooting at the Univ. of North Carolina this week left one professor dead and a community reeling. A campus lockdown lasted three hours, alarming students and staff who barricaded themselves for safety. The school's paper, The Daily Tar Heel, published a front page showing messages sent between friends and loved ones throughout the event. Amna Nawaz discussed more with editor Emmy Martin.
《Zijie Yan, an associate professor in the Department of Applied Physical Sciences was shot; Yan was an adviser to the alleged gunman, a graduate student; The Daily Tar Heel, school newspaper; Emmy Martin, editor in chief; 》
[34:44]★今日のおすすめ★ America at a Crossroads: The connections between decline of local news and growing political division
岐路に立つアメリカ：分断の原因と解決策を探るシリーズの第１４回／ローカル新聞の新たなビジネスモデルを模索して社会の分断を防ぐ
(今回はシリーズ第１２回 (ローカル新聞の廃刊が政治的分断につながる) の続編です)
シリーズ 第１回 第２回 第３回 第４回
第５回 第５回 第７回 第８回
第９回 第１０回 第１１回 第１２回
第１３回
Judy Woodruff recently examined how the loss of thousands of local newspapers across the country is depriving communities of some of the glue that holds them together and fueling division. She now looks at how some news outlets are managing to hang on and whether what they’re doing is sustainable. It’s part of her series, America at a Crossroads.
《岐路に立つアメリカ; Judy Woodruff; local newspapers; Anne Adams; The Recorder, local newspaper; about 2,500 local newspapers, a quarter of the total, have folded since 2005; one-fifth of U.S. residents now live in news deserts; Mississippi Today, nonprofit digital news source; Sarabeth Berman, CEO of American Journalism Project, venture philanthropy; nonprofit model is showing promise in urban settings, economic realities persist for small local newspapers that still depend on subscriptions and advertising; how to come together around a common set of facts to solve the issues that are confronting us in the 21st century; 》
[37:20] One-fifth of U.S. residents now live in news deserts, where residents have very limited access to credible and comprehensive news and information.
[** desert = a place which lacks some desirable feature or quality. …砂漠。//この意味のdesertは以前の番組に何回か出てきました ]
[46:13] Frances Tiafoe shares rollercoaster journey to becoming one of tennis's top players
Some say tennis is a metaphor for life, involving anticipation, problem-solving and incredibly hard work. For 25-year-old Frances Tiafoe, now one of the top 10 players in the world, those were lessons learned early, both on and off the court. Amna Nawaz caught up with Tiafoe at the U.S. Open in New York for our arts and culture series, CANVAS.
《Frances Tiafoe; Big Foe, Tiafoe's nickname; DMV, District/Maryland/Virginia; Frances Tiafoe Sr. and Alphina Kamara, fled civil war in Sierra Leone in the 1990s, raising Frances and his twin brother, Franklin, in the U.S.》
[46:37] WOMAN: ... is no strange feat. Frances Tiafoe, native son, what's good?
[** = What's up? (a casual greeting )]
[53:54] AMNA NAWAZ: He may be out on that court alone, but Tiafoe says he is held up by a cast of dozens. Who's your first call, who's your first text when you need that little moment?
FRANCES TIAFOE JR.: Yes, I definitely call both my parents, twin brother, obviously, my girlfriend who I have been with for years. She helps me so much. But, yes, I have cousin -- I have a big squad, cousins, friends, I mean, a lot of people I like to stay in touch with. So...
AMNA NAWAZ: You roll deep.
FRANCES TIAFOE JR.: I roll deep, yes.
[** to hold up = to support ]
[** to roll deep = to travel in a group; to go anywhere with a large group of people ]
ーーーーーーーーーーーーーーー
[54:45] And there's more online, including a lightning round [** lightning round = 以前の番組にも出てきました ] with Frances Tiafoe. That is on our Instagram.