今日の英語ニュース☆2023.08.23☆時事英語・ニュース英語を極める
このnoteの目的は、アメリカのニュース番組が理解出来るようになる方法を伝えることです。その方法とは、英語字幕を読みながら英語ニュースを毎日見続けること。 こんな感じです（サンプルのスクリーンショット）。
使う教材は、上のリンクの動画です。
アメリカの公共放送PBSのニュース番組で、質の高い報道に定評がありますが、残念なことに、字幕に誤りがかなり含まれていることがあります。番組がアメリカで放送されてから約２時間で最終版の字幕がアップロードされますので、時間的制約を考えれば誤りは仕方がないことかもしれません。
しかし、英語学習者の場合、字幕に誤りがあると、変だと思っても、それが本当に間違いなのか分からないことがあると思います。あるいは、間違いに気付かないこともあるかもしれません。ですから、正確な字幕が必要です。
そこで、約１時間の番組ですが、英語音声をすべて聞いて、字幕の明らかな誤りを訂正したものをダウンロードできるようにしています（少し下にあります）。この字幕ファイルと動画をダウンロードして再生ソフトで使ってください（上のスクリーンショット動画のように再生できます。英語が速すぎる場合は、あまりおすすめしませんが、再生速度の調節もできます）。
また、このnoteや字幕ファイルでは、辞書を調べても分からないような英語表現を説明しています（辞書を引けば分かる言葉は、自分で調べてください）。辞書に載ってないような表現、辞書にあっても意味がたくさんありすぎてどれなのか分からない言葉、文脈の中で特殊な使われ方をしている言葉、背景の知識がないと分からない部分、ニュース英語や時事英語の独特な表現、知っていると訳に立ちそうな表現などを説明しています（書き加えた説明は[* ……] ）。
それでは、今日も一緒に英語のニュースを見ていきましょう！
■ 英語字幕ファイルのダウンロード
[PBS NewsHour Aug. 22, 2023] の字幕ファイルのダウンロード
（この字幕ファイルはテキストエディタ（windowsの「メモ帳」など）で開くことも出来ますが、下の「字幕ファイルの使い方」のように再生ソフト（無料）で使うことをおすすめします。こんな感じに表示されます。）ブラウザーによってダウンロードがブロックされる場合ば、下のテキストファイルをダウンロードして拡張子.txtを .lrcに変更して使ってください(例えば、Chromeは、.lrcのようなあまり使われない拡張子のファイルを危険と判断することがあるようです)。
■ 動画サイトへのリンク
・直接動画サイトを見る場合のリンクです(リンク先字幕の誤りは元のまま)
・分からない言葉はこの２つの辞書でたいてい見つかると思います
・上の字幕ファイルには、約１時間の番組の全字幕と語句説明があります
・以下はサンプル程度です
[00:00] Introduction
[02:23] News Wrap
In our news wrap Tuesday, crews in mountain and desert towns in California are still digging out of mud and debris left behind from Tropical Storm Hilary, more than 800 people on Maui are still unaccounted for two weeks after the deadly wildfires first erupted and a U.N. report paints a grim picture of the situation in Afghanistan since the Taliban took over.
《Tropical Storm Harold; more than 800 people on Maui still unaccounted for; confirmed death toll stands at 115; John Eastman surrendered in Georgia on charges he plotted to overturn the 2020 election results; Donald Trump says he will surrender Thursday; Fukushima nuclear power plant will start releasing treated radioactive wastewater into the Pacific Ocean as early as Thursday; 福島原発、汚染処理水、海洋放出、》
[05:08] [** 福島原発から汚染処理水の海洋放出が、早ければ木曜日(米国時間)に始まることを伝えるニュース] The Fukushima nuclear power plant will start releasing treated radioactive wastewater into the Pacific Ocean as early as Thursday. The Japanese government says it's essential so they can keep cleaning the facility. The water has been accumulating since the 2011 earthquake and tsunami caused nuclear meltdowns at the plant. An executive in charge of the release said safety is their highest priority.
JUNICHI MATSUMOTO, TEPCO Executive (through translator): Staying on our guard, we will promptly proceed with the preparations for the release. We have decided to start by discharging small amounts in a careful manner, while checking the impact of the release on the surrounding environment.
GEOFF BENNETT: The decision sparked protests in neighboring South Korea, where some fear the wastewater release poses a threat to the environment and safety of seafood. The U.N.'s nuclear watchdog has already approved the plan.
[07:15]★今日のおすすめ★ Climatologist discusses extreme summer weather as heat wave brings more record highs
A heat wave is baking much of the country, leading to record highs and triple-digit temperatures in the Midwest and the South. It’s the latest in a series of extreme weather events that have led to damage, destruction and death this summer. Amna Nawaz discussed more with Michael Mann of the University of Pennsylvania and author of the forthcoming book, “Our Fragile Moment.”
《Michael Mann of the University of Pennsylvania; forthcoming book, Our Fragile Moment; 地球温暖化、気候変動、猛暑、熱波、異常気象、気候学者
》
[12:44] AMNA NAWAZ: In the 30 seconds or so I have left, I have to ask you, because folks will ask. You look at the summer. Temperatures are usually hotter. Is there any chance these events we're seeing are just an outlier [** outlier = an exception 例外、他とは大きくかけ離れているもの。この部分の意味は…今年の猛暑は統計上の異常値のようなもので、また元のような夏に戻って行く可能性はないのか、ということ。] ?
[13:32] Federal judge hears arguments over Texas' floating barrier on Rio Grande
The battle over floating barriers on the Rio Grande reached a courtroom Tuesday. A federal judge in Austin heard arguments from the state of Texas and the Justice Department over Gov. Greg Abbott’s use of giant buoys to deter migrants from crossing the river. The DOJ sued the state saying the barrier violates federal law and must be removed. Laura Barron-Lopez reports.
《Justice Department sued the state of Texas; the Rivers and Harbors act of 1899; Haya Panjwani, reporter of Austin's NPR station; Judge David Ezra overseeing the case; ruling expected on Friday; 》
[13:31] GEOFF BENNETT: The battle over floating barriers on the Rio Grande reached the courtroom today. A federal judge in Austin heard arguments from the state of Texas and the U.S. Justice Department over Republican Governor Greg Abbott's use of giant buoys to deter migrants crossing0 the river. The Justice Department sued the state, saying the barrier violates federal law and must be removed. [** 関連ニュース ]
[16:14] Now, ahead of the hearing today, local advocates, as well as border residents, came to speak out against Operation Lone Star [** Operation Lone Star = Operation Lone Star (OLS) is a joint operation between the Texas Department of Public Safety and the Texas Military Department along the southern border between Texas and Mexico. According to Texas Governor Greg Abbott, the operation is intended to counter illegal immigration, the illegal drug trade, and human smuggling... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Lone_Star // Lone Star State = Texas < the flag of Texas featuring a lone star ] tactics that the governor has deployed.
[18:55] But just this last month, in July, Homeland Security released new numbers recently, and they increased by about 30 percent the border apprehensions. Now, within that, we should also note that there were more migrants process because they're seeking asylum through the Biden administration's new parole app [** CBP One appのこと。以前の番組に詳しい説明があります ] , which they are trying to make possible where migrants can seek asylum while they're in their country of origin.
[19:38] GOP strategist on how presidential contenders can break through on debate night
The first GOP presidential debate will play out in primetime as Donald Trump, the leading contender for the nomination, plans to be a no-show. How do you debate a frontrunner who doesn't show up? That's the question for the eight candidates taking the stage Wednesday in Milwaukee. Lisa Desjardins discussed more with Republican strategist Gail Gitcho, who's worked on many presidential campaigns.
《大統領選、共和党予備選挙、討論会、トランプ欠席、Republican presidential debate; Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Gail Gitcho, GOP strategist; 》
[24:41]★今日のおすすめ★ Buffalo shooting witnesses file lawsuit over trauma they endured
Last year, a white gunman killed ten people in a racist shooting at a grocery store in a predominantly Black area of Buffalo, New York. The gunman, now serving a life sentence, drove 200 miles to target that community. Last week, 16 witnesses of the tragedy filed a lawsuit over the trauma they endured. Geoff Bennett discussed the case with Fragrance Harris Stanfield and attorney Eric Tirschwell.
《predominantly Black area o Buffalo, New York; shooting in 2022; 銃乱射事件、6 witnesses of the tragedy filed a lawsuit against YouTube and Reddit, gun retailer, manufacturer of his body armor, gunman's parents; Fragrance Harris Stanfield, plaintiff; Eric Tirschwell, executive director of Everytown Law representing the plaintiffs; 撃たれた被害者ではなく目撃者が原告、》
[26:15] GEOFF BENNETT: Eric Tirschwell, this is a fairly novel approach, filing suit on behalf of witnesses, not those who were injured or who might have lost a loved one. Explain the motivation and why you believe you have standing [** = 当事者適格,原告適格 以前の番組に詳しい説明があります ] in this case.
[27:00] And we think it's important to establish a clear precedent in New York that these individuals, that folks who lived through the unimaginable, the unthinkable, what nobody should have to live through, a mass shooting, are entitled to their day in court, and to have their case heard by a jury. And their injuries [** = violation of another's rights for which the law allows an action to recover damages. 権利侵害、損害 ] should be recognized, particularly with respect to the various companies and individuals who contributed to the harm that they suffered.
[29:03] We got statements from both. I will read part of them, the one from YouTube, part of which reads this way: "YouTube has invested in technology, teams and policies to identify and remove extremist content. We regularly work with law enforcement, other platforms and civil society to share intelligence and best practices." Part of the Reddit statement reads: "Our site-wide policies explicitly prohibit content that promotes hate based on identity or vulnerability. We are constantly evaluating ways to improve our detection and removal of this content." So, these companies are saying it's hard to pin this tragedy on online radicalization. [** to pin something on someone = to place the blame for (something) on (someone), especially unjustly; to attribute something to someone. ]
[32:45] Tuberville's hold on military promotions is impacting troop readiness, Mullen says
The Constitution assigns to the Senate the power to approve the president's nominations of officers of the United States. This includes general and flag officers at the Defense Department. But this year, Alabama Sen. Tommy Tuberville has held up all the promotions, including to some of the highest jobs in the military. Nick Schifrin discussed the hold with retired Admiral Mike Mullen.
《Alabama Senator Tommy Tuberville holding up promotions of general and flag officers; トミー・タベルヴィル上院議員（アラバマ州選出、共和党）が軍幹部の上院承認を阻止、opposing the new Department of Defense policy that pays for the transportation of service members who cross from states that don't allow abortions to states that do; 理由は妊娠中絶関連、妊娠中絶が禁止された州から中絶可能な州へ軍人が中絶を受けに行く旅費を、国防総省が負担する方針に反対、Admiral Mike Mullen, former chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff; impacting readiness; politicizing the military; 》
[40:20] New exhibit shows how a Massachusetts town helped shape the artist Edward Hopper
Edward Hopper stands as a mythical figure in American art. As a new exhibition at the Cape Ann Museum reveals, the artist known for rendering the haunting isolation of urban life mastered his craft by spending summers by the sea. Special correspondent Jared Bowen of GBH Boston reports for our arts and culture series, CANVAS.
《Edward Hopper; エドワード・ホッパー, 画家; Jared Bowen of GBH Boston; Oliver Barker, director of the Cape Ann Museum,》
[41:24] OLIVER BARKER: This exhibition is about place, but it is also about an artist's process and learning a new medium [** medium = A means of expression, in the arts, such as a material (oil, pastel, clay, etc) or method or style (wiktionary)] and seeing the impact of that.
[43:08] ELLIOT BOSTWICK DAVIS: Watercolor is harder to control. It is essentially pigment suspended in water. Ultimately, it helps him get out of his own way and to let himself be a little more spontaneous and perhaps tap into more of that subconscious. It is maybe, for athletes, the way you think of that moment of flow. [** flow = In positive psychology, a flow state, also known colloquially as being in the zone, is the mental state in which a person performing some activity is fully immersed in a feeling of energized focus, full involvement, and enjoyment in the process of the activity. In essence, flow is characterized by the complete absorption in what one does, and a resulting transformation in one's sense of time... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flow_(psychology) ] When you are in it, you know it.
[45:58]★今日のおすすめ★ Prachi Gupta takes on the model minority myth in new memoir
Prachi Gupta's new memoir, “They Called Us Exceptional and Other Lies That Raised Us,” explores the model minority myth and its harmful effects on her Indian American family. Gupta joined Amna Nawaz to discuss the book.
《新刊本、回顧録、Prachi Gupta's new memoir, "They Called Us Exceptional: And Other Lies That Raised Us"; 》
[46:07] Author Prachi Gupta unpacks how the model minority myth [** model minority myth = 以前の番組に詳しい説明があります ] and pressure to succeed impacted her Indian American family in her debut work, "They Called Us Exceptional: And Other Lies That Raised Us."
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[54:17] AMNA NAWAZ: [** 明日の予告: 先週放送された福島原発からの汚染処理水海洋放出についてのリポートの後編 ] And join us again here tomorrow night, when we will have an inside look at the planned release of treated radioactive water from the Fukushima nuclear plant into the ocean.