今日の英語ニュース☆2023.09.19☆時事英語・ニュース英語を極める
このnoteの目的は、アメリカのニュース番組が理解出来るようになる方法を伝えることです。その方法とは、英語字幕を読みながら英語ニュースを毎日見続けること。 こんな感じです（サンプルのスクリーンショット）。
使う教材は、上のリンクの動画です。
アメリカの公共放送PBSのニュース番組で、質の高い報道に定評がありますが、残念なことに、字幕に誤りがかなり含まれていることがあります。番組がアメリカで放送されてから約２時間で最終版の字幕がアップロードされますので、時間的制約を考えれば誤りは仕方がないことかもしれません。
しかし、英語学習者の場合、字幕に誤りがあると、変だと思っても、それが本当に間違いなのか分からないことがあると思います。あるいは、間違いに気付かないこともあるかもしれません。ですから、正確な字幕が必要です。
そこで、約１時間の番組ですが、英語音声をすべて聞いて、字幕の明らかな誤りを訂正したものをダウンロードできるようにしています（少し下にあります）。この字幕ファイルと動画をダウンロードして再生ソフトで使ってください（上のスクリーンショット動画のように再生できます。英語が速すぎる場合は、あまりおすすめしませんが、再生速度の調節もできます）。
また、このnoteや字幕ファイルでは、辞書を調べても分からないような英語表現を説明しています（辞書を引けば分かる言葉は、自分で調べてください）。辞書に載ってないような表現、辞書にあっても意味がたくさんありすぎてどれなのか分からない言葉、文脈の中で特殊な使われ方をしている言葉、背景の知識がないと分からない部分、ニュース英語や時事英語の独特な表現、知っていると訳に立ちそうな表現などを説明しています（書き加えた説明は[* ……] ）。
それでは、今日も一緒に英語のニュースを見ていきましょう！
■ 英語字幕ファイルのダウンロード
[PBS NewsHour Sept. 18, 2023] の字幕ファイルのダウンロード
（この字幕ファイルはテキストエディタ（windowsの「メモ帳」など）で開くことも出来ますが、下の「字幕ファイルの使い方」のように再生ソフト（無料）で使うことをおすすめします。こんな感じに表示されます。）ブラウザーによってダウンロードがブロックされる場合ば、下のテキストファイルをダウンロードして拡張子.txtを .lrcに変更して使ってください(例えば、Chromeは、.lrcのようなあまり使われない拡張子のファイルを危険と判断することがあるようです)。
■ 動画サイトへのリンク
・直接動画サイトを見る場合のリンクです(リンク先字幕の誤りは元のまま)
・分からない言葉はこの２つの辞書でたいてい見つかると思います
・上の字幕ファイルには、約１時間の番組の全字幕と語句説明があります
・以下はサンプル程度です
[00:00] Introduction
[02:16]★今日のおすすめ★ Five released Americans fly home after years of imprisonment in Iran
It’s the end of an ordeal for five Americans held for years by the regime in Iran, who were freed after high-stakes negotiations and began their journey home Monday. Jared Genser, human rights attorney and pro-bono counsel for the family of one of the detainees, joins Amna Nawaz to talk about the hostage release.
《five Americans held for years by Iran were freed; イランとの囚人交換、人質交換、complex deal between the U.S. and Iran including transferring of $6 billion in frozen Iranian assets held in South Korea to a restricted account in Qatar; Siamak Namazi, Emad Shargi and Morad Tahbaz, and the other two wishing to remain anonymous; five Iranians released from U.S. are Kaveh Lotfolah Afrasiabi, Mehrdad Ansari, Amin Hasanzadeh, Reza Sarhangpour Kafrani, and Kambiz Attar Kashani; Jared Genser, human rights attorney, pro-bono counsel for the family of Siamak Namazi; 》
[06:21] And we all remember this desperate high-risk interview he gave back in March from inside Evin prison.
[** ３月の関連ニュース ]
[07:21] And he wants to get married and have kids, and he needs to find a job and a place to live, and all these details that you could imagine that a person would have to go through in these circumstances. So, it's going to take him some time to get his bearing. And I have encouraged him to take it slow and one step at a time, and not jump in with both feet.
[** to get one's bearings = to figure out one's position or situation relative to one's surroundings. ]
[09:10] JARED GENSER: Well, I approach this as a human rights partisan, not a political one.
[** partisan = a fervent supporter or proponent ]
[12:13] And so what we need is draconian disincentives to be created, not just by the U.S., but by the U.S. working with, like, dozens of countries around the world, so that if one hostage is taken from one country, 30 or 40 countries come down like a ton of bricks on the back of that country and dramatically change and disrupt the value proposition of taking hostages in the first place.
[** value proposition = (もともとの意味は)The primary benefit of a product or service. (この文脈では)人質をとることの価値や利益。// 人質を取っても何の得にもならないと分かるように、多くの国が協力して厳しい措置を取る必要がある、ということ ]
[12:44] Breaking down the U.S. deal with Iran that freed five Americans from captivity
Five Americans imprisoned by the Iranian regime for years were released Monday in a complex deal between the U.S. and Iran. Some lawmakers have been critical of the Biden administration for making the deal, but U.S. officials have defended the agreement. Geoff Bennett speaks to Deputy National Security Advisor Jon Finer for the White House perspective.
《Jon Finer, Deputy National Security Advisor; ジョン・ファイナー国家安全保障問題担当大統領副補佐官 》
[17:35] GEOFF BENNETT: Lastly, Jon Finer, Amna spoke exclusively to Turkish President Erdogan in an interview we're set to see later on the program this evening. And he says the U.S. sales of F-16 fighter jets to Turkey should not be linked with Turkey's ratification of Sweden's NATO membership. He says -- quote -- "I believe these two topics shouldn't be related." How does the U.S. see it? Is there still a path forward?
JON FINER: Well, what I can say about this is, it is not the policy of this administration to link those two issues. This administration has been supportive of the transfer of F-16s to Turkey. There are a number of members of Congress who have had a different view and who have wanted to see certain steps taken by Turkey before they will either lift holds or authorize the transfer of these systems to the Turks.
[** hold = Senate hold = An informal practice by which a senator informs Senate leadership that he or she does not wish a particular measure or nomination to reach the floor for consideration. https://www.senate.gov/about/research-tools/glossary.htm ]
[19:10] News Wrap
The auto workers strike enters its fourth day with no agreement in sight, the UN warns of disease outbreaks in the aftermath of Libya’s flooding, Ukraine fired all six of its deputy defense ministers amid corruption allegations, Taiwan says China flew 103 warplanes toward its territory in a 24-hour period, and Hunter Biden sued the IRS for violating his right to privacy.
《UAWストライキ４日目、合意は見えないまま、リビア洪水11,300死亡約１万人行方不明、少なくとも150人が汚染された水で病気に; Ukraine fired all six of its deputy defense ministers; China flew 103 warplanes toward Taiwan's territory in a 24-hour period; Hunter Biden sued the IRS; 》
[22:43]★今日のおすすめ★ Turkey’s Erdogan says he trusts Russia ‘just as much as I trust the West’
The nation of Turkey sits at a crossroads of the world, and its president, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, is its preeminent leader. Reelected to office earlier in 2023, he has now been in power for 22 years. In an exclusive interview with Amna Nawaz, Erdogan discusses the state of NATO, Russia’s war on Ukraine and why Turkey might soon end its bid to become a part of the European Union.
《Recep Tayyip Erdoganトルコ大統領への独占インタビュー; レジェップ・タイイップ・エルドアン、Turkish House (across the street from the United Nations); Turkey has been seeking that E.U. membership since 1999, but may abandon its bid to join; Sedef Kabas, journalist, charged with insulting Erdogan in tweets; Osman Kavala, activist, sentenced to life in prison; Selahattin Demirtas, opposition politician serving jail time since 2016; Committee to Protect Journalists; ジャーナリスト保護委員会; 》
[27:01] RECEP TAYYIP ERDOGAN (through translator): Bob Menendez is not very familiar with Turkey. And Menendez doesn't seem to be familiar with Tayyip Erdogan either. We are friends with Greece for many decades. We have never been fighting camps against one another. It seems like Menendez has taken a hostile approach to Turkey and he's trying to pull us toward certain discussions of his choosing. But we are not going to be part of this. Our friendship with Greece is not what they make it out to be.
[** to make (someone or something) out to be = to characterize something in a certain way, often one that is not accurate. // to make out = to understand; to grasp the meaning of ]
[27:24] AMNA NAWAZ: What do you make of the senator's concerns, especially in light of Russia's war in Ukraine, of Turkey not joining in sanctioning Russia to the same degree the NATO alliance is and other members of the E.U.?
[** what do you make of (something) ? = What is your analysis, opinion, or appraisal of something? // to make of = to interpret; to form an opinion about ]
[34:53] How GOP presidential candidates are courting evangelical voters in Iowa
Republican presidential hopefuls took center stage in Iowa over the weekend and made their case to a key voting bloc in the state: evangelicals. The candidates touched on issues important to religious conservatives, abortion in particular. Laura Barron-Lopez reports.
《共和党大統領選候補者; Republican presidential candidates are courting evangelical voters in Iowa; abortion; 》
[35:23] LAURA BARRON-LOPEZ: As most of the Republican presidential hopefuls courted voters four months before the state's first-in-the-nation caucuses.
MAN: You ready to hear from these presidential candidates?
LAURA BARRON-LOPEZ: One critical voting bloc, evangelicals, who made up nearly two-thirds of Republican caucus-goers in 2016.
[** caucus = 党員集会。アイオワ州では、大統領選の予備選挙の段階で、普通の投票ではなく caucus が行われる。see: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Iowa_Republican_presidential_caucuses]
[38:08] Amy Walter and Kay Henderson on voter reaction to the House impeachment inquiry
Amy Walter of the Cook Political Report with Amy Walter and Kay Henderson of Radio Iowa and Iowa PBS join Geoff Bennett to discuss the latest political news, including analysis of the 2024 campaign and how voters are reacting to the House impeachment inquiry of Biden.
《月曜恒例：２人の政治アナリストと今週の動きを占う; Amy Walter; Kay Henderson, Radio Iowa and Iowa PBS 》
[39:06] I also see somebody who's looking past [** to look past = to ignore, disregard ] not just his past positions on this issue, but looking past [** to look past = to look forward to a time in the future after some event or situation. …の先のことを考える、…の先を見据える ] the primary. He's basically trying to set himself up for the general election.
[** to set up = to ready; to prepare; to adjust ]
[41:27] And Donald Trump is feeling confident enough in that and his lead that even in a state like Iowa, he thinks it's not going to catch up to him.
[** to catch up to = to catch up with = to cause unpleasant consequences or have dire implications (thefreedictionary) ]
[43:19] KAY HENDERSON: Well, the other thing is, if you're out here talking to Iowa voters who are going to candidate events and seeing candidates who aren't Donald Trump, they are looking at other candidates, but when you ask them, who are you inclined to support at this moment, well, I'm a Trump supporter, but I'm holding my options open. So that's just really telling of what control Donald Trump has on the nomination. And here in Iowa, it's really Donald Trump's race to lose.
[** someone's race to lose = 勝つのが確実な競争。「負ける競争」という意味のように聞こえる表現だが、実際はまったく逆の意味。勝利が確実な状況で、もし負けるとしたら、自分で取り返しのつかないような失敗をして、「自分で負ける競争」、という意味。 ]
[44:15] What's the risk-reward matrix for Kevin McCarthy right now with this impeachment?
[** risk-reward matrix = リンク先の表を見ると分かりやすい https://wrkshp.tools/tools/risk-reward-matrix ]
[46:34]★今日のおすすめ★ Is art a good investment? Experts weigh in on stock markets for artwork
The global art market totals nearly $70 billion, with returns in recent decades that outpace bonds, according to some estimates. That growth has spawned new investors looking to make some money in what is a booming sector. Economics correspondent Paul Solman looks at the prudence of investing in art, for our arts and culture series, CANVAS.
《stock markets for artwork; ARTEX, a European art stock market; アートの株式市場; アートへの株式投資 》
[48:37] Allen Sukholitsky: Masterworks is a firm that makes art an investable asset class. The first firm that's ever done it, we started in 2017, so we've been doing it now for several years.
[** investable asset class = see: https://ritholtz.com/2019/10/investable-asset-class/ ]
[48:55] Employees beating the bushes for marketable high value artwork and customers to whom to hawk shares in a masterwork like an Andy Warhol or a Yayoi Kusama.
[** to beat the bushes = to search for someone or something exhaustively and at great length ]
[49:04] Allen Sukholitsky: She [* = Yayoi Kusama ] is actually about 100 years old, which is always interesting. It tells you that artists have definitely cracked the code on living forever, apparently.
[** to crack the code = to discover a solution to a particularly difficult or complicated problem. (もともとの意味は)暗号を解読する // (この文脈では)長生きの秘密を見つける ]
[50:14] Kelly Crow: The art market is just super unregulated. It's kind of like a wild West. And if you want to buy $100 share just for kicks in the same way that you would go to a baseball game just to have fun and see how something does, roll the dice, have some fun. I just -- I would be a little nervous, you know, taking out a second mortgage.
[** for kicks = just for fun, entertainment ]
[52:47] I think certainly the Board Ape probably will hold its value over time. Paul Solman: Unlike, say, Jozef Israels' Pancake Day, which fetched more than £1,000,000 in 1895. A billion or more dollars today, depending on how you convert prices. Israels' largest painting at auction in recent years brought $35,000. Just one of countless examples that illustrate what philosopher Barbara Herrnstein Smith calls the contingencies of value.
[** contingency = the condition of being influenced by uncertainty and variability; uncertainty ]
■ おすすめの辞書（時事英語やニュース英語に強い辞書）
■ 英語のラジオを聞く（BGM代わりにCNNやBBC）
■ 英語のテレビを見る（NBC News ・ ABC News）
■ セサミストリートで英語を楽しむ
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