今日の英語ニュース☆2023.11.28☆時事英語・ニュース英語を極める
このnoteの目的は、アメリカのニュース番組が理解出来るようになる方法を伝えることです。その方法とは、英語字幕を読みながら英語ニュースを毎日見続けること。 こんな感じです（サンプルのスクリーンショット）。
使う教材は、上のリンクの動画です。
アメリカの公共放送PBSのニュース番組で、質の高い報道に定評がありますが、残念なことに、字幕に誤りがかなり含まれていることがあります。番組がアメリカで放送されてから約２時間で最終版の字幕がアップロードされますので、時間的制約を考えれば誤りは仕方がないことかもしれません。
しかし、英語学習者の場合、字幕に誤りがあると、変だと思っても、それが本当に間違いなのか分からないことがあると思います。あるいは、間違いに気付かないこともあるかもしれません。ですから、正確な字幕が必要です。
そこで、約１時間の番組ですが、英語音声をすべて聞いて、字幕の明らかな誤りを訂正したものをダウンロードできるようにしています（少し下にあります）。この字幕ファイルと動画をダウンロードして再生ソフトで使ってください（上のスクリーンショット動画のように再生できます。英語が速すぎる場合は、あまりおすすめしませんが、再生速度の調節もできます）。
また、このnoteや字幕ファイルでは、辞書を調べても分からないような英語表現を説明しています（辞書を引けば分かる言葉は、自分で調べてください）。辞書に載ってないような表現、辞書にあっても意味がたくさんありすぎてどれなのか分からない言葉、文脈の中で特殊な使われ方をしている言葉、背景の知識がないと分からない部分、ニュース英語や時事英語の独特な表現、知っていると訳に立ちそうな表現などを説明しています（書き加えた説明は[* ……] ）。
それでは、今日も一緒に英語のニュースを見ていきましょう！
■ 英語字幕ファイルのダウンロード
[PBS NewsHour Nov. 27, 2023] の字幕ファイルのダウンロード
（この字幕ファイルはテキストエディタ（windowsの「メモ帳」など）で開くことも出来ますが、下の「字幕ファイルの使い方」のように再生ソフト（無料）で使うことをおすすめします。こんな感じに表示されます。）ブラウザーによってダウンロードがブロックされる場合ば、下のテキストファイルをダウンロードして拡張子.txtを .lrcに変更して使ってください(例えば、Chromeは、.lrcのようなあまり使われない拡張子のファイルを危険と判断することがあるようです)。
■ 動画サイトへのリンク
・直接動画サイトを見る場合のリンクです(リンク先字幕の誤りは元のまま)
・分からない言葉はこの２つの辞書でたいてい見つかると思います
・上の字幕ファイルには、約１時間の番組の全字幕と語句説明があります
・以下はサンプル程度です
[00:00] Introduction
[02:46]★今日のおすすめ★ More hostages and prisoners to be released as Israel and Hamas extend temporary cease-fire
イスラエルとハマスの戦い５２日目／一時停戦の２日間延長
It appears the lull in the Israel-Hamas war will last a little longer. The two sides agreed to extend their cease-fire for two more days. It comes after the fourth hostage and prisoner trade under the temporary truce. Nick Schifrin reports on the latest and speaks with a Palestinian woman who was released by Israel in one of the exchanges.
《The United States originally wanted this first part of the deal, the four-day pause, to have all 90 women and children released all at the same time. But what Hamas told mediators in Qatar and Egypt is that it only had 50. It could only actually find 50 of those 90 women and children; But the bottom line is that, for Israel, Hamas has been able to pledge that it can find these 20 extra hostages; Israel currently holds more than 7,000 Palestinian prisoners; 2,000 of them are held in administrative detention without charges. And of the 300 Palestinians whom Israel identifies as possible releases, one-third are under 18; 》
[12:13] Family of freed Israeli hostages discusses release and loved ones still held in Gaza
解放された人質イスラエル人の家族に聞く
So far, 58 hostages have been released by Hamas over three days of a ceasefire and 170 people remain held in Gaza. Dori Roberts has family members in both situations. His cousin and her two daughters were just released, but other loved ones remain held hostage. Roberts joined Amna Nawaz to discuss the latest.
[17:01] News Wrap
今日のその他の主要ニュース
The Pentagon said militants who seized an Israeli-owned tanker were likely Somali pirates and not rebels from Yemen, Elon Musk visited Israel and said he supports neutralizing Hamas, southern and central Ukraine is struggling to deal with the fallout from a Black Sea storm and Sierra Leone authorities said they arrested leaders of an attack that killed 20 people on Sunday.
《three days of memorial tributes began for the late First Lady Rosalynn Carter; Class was back in session at public schools in Portland, Oregon, today, as a teachers strike ended. Teachers had been on the picket line since November 1 over pay, class sizes and planning time; Merriam-Webster says authentic is the word of the year; イーロン・マスクイスラエル訪問》
[20:05] Teachers had been on the picket line since November 1 over pay, class sizes and planning time.
[** planning time < In schools, common planning time refers to any period of time that is scheduled during the school day for multiple teachers, or teams of teachers, to work together...
https://www.edglossary.org/common-planning-time/ ]
[21:16]★今日のおすすめ★ Vermont shooting raises more concerns about attacks against Arab Americans
バーモント州でパレスチナ系の大学生３人が銃撃され負傷／アラブ系やイスラム教徒のアメリカ人への攻撃に懸念高まる
The shooting of three college students of Palestinian descent has added more fear and concern about a rise in bias, discrimination and violent attacks against Arab Americans and Muslims in the U.S. While the motive is still unclear, some groups argue officials should consider this a hate crime. William Brangham discussed more with Abed Ayoub of the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee.
《Forty-eight-year-old Jason Eaton was arraigned today in connection with the shooting of three college students of Palestinian descent in Burlington, Vermont; the shooting is being investigated as a possible hate crime; Kinnan Abdalhamid, one of the victims; the other victims are Hisham Awartani and Tahseen Aliahmad; Two of them were wearing keffiyehs, a traditional Palestinian headdress, and they were reportedly speaking a mixture of English and Arabic; Since the Israel-Hamas conflict began, the Council on American-Islamic Relations has received over 1,200 requests for help or reports of bias, a 216 percent surge from the same time last year; ●24:14～ Abed Ayoub, national executive director of the Arab American Anti-Discrimination Committee; 》
[23:46] On October 15, 6-year-old Chicago resident Wadea Al-Fayoume was killed, stabbed 26 times by his landlord. Officials say he targeted the family because they were Muslim. [** 関連ニュース ]
[26:27] Our belief has been that the rhetoric against Arabs, against Palestinians in this country, the dehumanization of Palestinians would eventually lead to these violent hate crimes we're seeing. That's exactly what's happening. That's what happened in Chicago to Wadea, the 6-year-old who was stabbed. That's what happened in this situation and other examples that our office has been fielding across the country since early October.
[** to field = to respond to or deal with (thefreedictionary) ]
[27:26] ABED AYOUB: The first thing they can do is recognize that the Arab and Palestinian community here is under attack and hate incidents are on the rise and work with the community to push some of that hate and some of that incidents away from us, right? They can do that by changing the rhetoric and stop the attacks, the baseless attacks on the community, going after Palestinian student groups, going after Palestinian students, allowing for the doxxing of Arab and Palestinian students on your college campuses. All of that eventually is going to lead down one road, and that's going to be violent hate crimes.
[** to doxx (or dox) = to publicly identify or publish private information about (someone) especially as a form of punishment or revenge (Merriam-Webster) ]
[29:45]★今日のおすすめ★ Politics Monday: Tamara Keith and Amy Walter on the Republicans building support ahead of the Iowa caucuses
月曜恒例：２人の政治アナリストと今週の動きを占う
NPR’s Tamara Keith and Amy Walter of the Cook Political Report with Amy Walter join Geoff Bennett to discuss the latest political news, including key endorsements aimed at shifting the momentum in the GOP primary race with less than 50 days until the Iowa caucuses and President Biden's political problem with young voters.
[32:08] In this case, the most recent ads, if you're sitting in Iowa right now watching television, the ads for the DeSantis super PAC [** = 以前の番組に出てきました ] are attacking Nikki Haley, the Nikki Haley super PAC is attacking DeSantis, and Donald Trump's super PAC is talking about Joe Biden.
[33:29] And Haley is sort of riding off of her strong debate performances and also harnessing momentum as you head into actual voting occurring.
[** to ride off of = to ride on = to make progress due to (something) ]
[37:18] So the White House, though, does realize that they have a problem with young voters. It ties into what's happening with Israel and Gaza, but it goes well beyond that.
[** to tie into = to connect to or associate with (something) ]
[38:33]★今日のおすすめ★ New book details U.S. government's UFO investigations and search for alien life
アメリカ政府のUFO調査についての新刊本／著者のギャレット・グラフに聞く
Since the 1940s, unidentified flying objects have been a part of our nation’s cultural phenomena. But for the U.S. government, UFOs have been a mystery and something the military has been investigating for decades. Amna Nawaz discussed that with Garrett Graff, author of the new book, "UFO: The Inside Story of the US Government's Search for Alien Life Here―and Out There."
[38:33] AMNA NAWAZ: Since the 1940s, unidentified flying objects, or UFOs, have been a part of our nation's cultural phenomena. But for the U.S. government, they have been a mystery and something the military has been investigating for decades. I recently sat down with author Garrett Graff [** 前回番組出演時 ] to discuss his new book called "UFO: The Inside Story of the U.S. Government's Search for Alien Life Here and Out There."
[40:42] And then there's the evolving science and astronomy of what's known as the search for extraterrestrial intelligence, SETI, out there in the rest of the universe. And both sides of these conversations have really seen revolutions in the last decade, where there was some blockbuster reporting here by The New York Times and Politico in 2017 that outlined the Pentagon's study of what the government now calls UAPs, unidentified anomalous phenomenon.
[** SETI = search for extraterrestrial intelligence. 地球外知的生命体探査]
[** UAP = unidentified anomalous phenomenon または unidentified aerial phenomenon. UFOのこと]
[42:06] We now believe that, almost every star, effectively every star has planets, and that as we understand the scale and the scope and the breadth of the universe, what that translates to is once you adjust for what they call the Goldilocks zone, sort of planets that would be at the temperature and ability to hold water and atmospheres of oxygen that we would recognize, there are potentially a sextillion habitable planets across the universe. So that's a billion trillion habitable planets across the universe.
[** Goldilocks = a happy medium or optimal point between two extremes.(Wiktionary) ちょうどいいところ ]
[42:41] AMNA NAWAZ: All this made me think about -- you probably know this very well -- the Pale Blue Dot photo.
[** Pale Blue Dot is a photograph of Earth taken on February 14, 1990, by the Voyager 1 space probe from an unprecedented distance of approximately 6 billion kilometers (3.7 billion miles...) ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pale_Blue_Dot ( Wikipediaの右上のlanguagesに日本語のページへのリンクもあります ) ペイル・ブルー・ドット ]
[45:22] How an elite music school is increasing access for students with disabilities
再放送： 障がいのある生徒にとって音楽を身近なものに
この部分は再放送です。今回は省略された部分があるので、前回放送の方を見ることをお勧めします。語句説明もそこにあります。
In a series of reports, Jeffrey Brown has looked at the intersection of arts and health. Recently, he traveled to the Berklee Institute for Accessible Arts Education in Boston to see a program bringing music into the lives of people with disabilities. It's for our arts and culture series, CANVAS.
[52:08] Shortest member of Marine Corps on the challenges and triumphs of his service
史上最も背の低い海兵隊員／逆境の先の真価
Nathan Laprade is someone who didn't let height define him. At just over four and a half feet tall, he is thought to be the shortest U.S. Marine on record. As PBS NewsHour digital producer Casey Kuhn reports, he entered boot camp with something to prove.
[52:50] I was always the shortest guy, whether that be on the soccer team or the wrestling team. Back when I was in high school, there wasn't really eyes on me. It was just, oh, he's the short kid.
[** 参考になる表現(逆の意味の表現)： all eyes are on someone = Everyone is paying close attention to someone. ]
[53:59] NATHANIEL LAPRADE: The instructors would tell me either it's all in my head or just push a little harder or dig a little deeper. And, sure enough, I would just do what the instructors tell me to do. And I got through it. What I will do is, I will pick a role model from them and I will say, I want to be like that guy. And so when he tells me to do something, it's straight on the spot.
[** 類似表現： right on the spot = Exact, very correct.
https://ja.hinative.com/questions/16501021 ]