英文速読　中級-49

　A simple experiment carried out in the 1950s by legendary psychologist Solomon Asch shows how common sense is influenced by peer pressure, the tendency to want to act the same as the members of one`s social group.
　In Asch`s experiment, a research participant is shown a line drawn on paper, and next to it three lines - numbered 1, 2 and 3 - one shorter, one longer and one of the same length as the original one. The participant must indicate which of the three lines corresponds to the original one.
　If that participant is alone in the room, he gives correct answers - unsurprising, because the task is really quite simple. Now five other people enter the room; they are all actors, a fact that the participant does not know. 　One after another, they give wrong answers, saying “number 1,” although it`s very clear that number 3 is the correct answer. Then it is the participant`s turn again. In one third of cases, he will answer incorrectly to match the other people`s responses. Why do we act like this?
　

　A simple experiment carried out in the 1950s /by legendary psychologist Solomon Asch shows /how common sense is influenced /by peer pressure, the tendency to want to act the same as the members of one`s social group.

　　簡単な実験は、行われた、1950年代に、有名な心理学者ソロモン・アッシュによって、示している、lいかに常識が影響されるかを、仲間の圧力によって、つまり、傾向によって、自分の所属する社会集団のメンバーと同じように行動したいという。

　In Asch’s experiment, research participant is shown a line drawn on paper, and next to it three lines - numbered 1, 2 and 3 - one shorter, one longer and one of the same length as the original one. The participant must indicate which of the three lines corresponds to the original one.
　

アッシュの実験において、調査の参加者は紙に書かれた一本の線を示される、そのとなりに3本の線を示される、3本の線は１，２，３と番号が振られる、1本はより短く、1本はより長く、1本は同じ長さだ、最初の線と。参加者は示さなければならない、3本の線のうちどれが最初の1本とおなじ長さか。

　If that participant is alone in the room, he gives correct answers - unsurprising, because the task is really quite simple. Now five other people enter the room; they are all actors, a fact that the participant does not know.

　もしその参加者が一人で部屋のいるならば、彼は正しい回答をする、これは驚くことではない、なぜならその課題は本当に極めて簡単だからだ。さて今度は他の5人が部屋に入ってくる、彼らは皆役者だ、このことは参加者が知らな
い事実だ。

　 One after another, they give wrong answers, saying “number 1,” although it’s very clear /that number 3 is the correct answer. Then it is the participant’s turn again. In one third of cases, he will answer incorrectly to match the other people’s responses. Why do we act like this?

　次々に、彼らは間違った回答をする、「１番です」と言う。3番が正しい答えであることはとても明らかなのに。次にまた参加者の番になる。3分の1のケースで
彼は間違った回答をして、他の人の答えに合わせてしまう。なぜ私たちはこのように行動するのか。