英文速読 中級-27
The past thirty to forty years have seen a huge increase in the number of children who suffer from allergies, and scientist are still looking for the explanation. Some have blamed increased air pollution, but it has also been found that allergies are common not only among children in the city but also among children in the countryside, where a pollution is typically much lower.
A currently popular explanation for the rise in allergies is the so-called “hygiene hypothesis.” The basic idea is that young children brought up in an environment which is too clean are more at risk of developing allergies, Nowadays, people bathe and wash their clothes more frequently than in the past, and thanks to vacuum cleaners homes are less dusty, too. One result of all these changes is that in their early lives children are exposed to fewer allergens-substances that can cause allergies-and this means that their bodies cannot build up natural immunity to them. Simply put, exposure to allergy-causing substances is necessary for natural protection against them to develop.
The trend towards smaller families also means they young children encounter fewer allergens in the home. In fact, it is known that children who have older brothers and sisters are more resistant to allergies. The same is true of children who share their home with a pet. Such children are much less likely to develop the very common allergy to cat or dog hair, for example.
Scientists agree that being exposed to a wider range of allergies early in life helps children to develop greater immunity. There is, however, also some data suggesting that genetics, family income, and even the parents’ level of education may play a part in how likely a child is to suffer from allergies. Thus, although the hygiene hypothesis is an important area for research, we cannot yet be sure that too much attention to cleanliness is the only explanation for enormous rise in the number of allergy victims.
329words
スラッシュを前置詞・接続詞・関係詞の前、長い主語の終わりに入れて文を短く区切りながら読み下します。
The past thirty to forty years have seen a huge increase /in the number of children /who suffer from allergies, and scientist are still looking for the explanation. Some have blamed increased air pollution, but it has also been found /that allergies are common not only among children in the city but also among children in the countryside, where a pollution is typically much lower.
過去30年から40年は大幅な増加を見てきた、子供の数において、アレルギーに
苦しむ、そして科学者たちは今なおその原因を探している。増大した大気汚染を非難している者もいる、しかしまたそれはわかっている、アレルギーは普通であることは、都市の子供の間だけでなく、田舎の子供の間でもまた、そこは汚染が概してはるかに少ない。
A currently popular explanation /for the rise in allergies is the so-called “hygiene hypothesis.” The basic idea is /that young children brought up in an environment /which is too clean are more at risk of developing allergies, Nowadays, people bathe and wash their clothes more frequently than in the past, and thanks to vacuum cleaners homes are less dusty, too. One result of all these changes is /that in their early lives children are exposed to fewer allergens-substances /that can cause allergies-and this means /that their bodies cannot build up natural immunity to them. Simply put, exposure to allergy-causing substances is necessary for natural protection against them to develop.
現代の一般的な説明は、アレルギーの増加に関する、いわゆる「衛生仮設」である。その基本的な考えは、幼い子供は、清潔すぎる環境で育てられた、より高いという事だ、アレルギーを持つようになる危険性が。今日、頻繁に入浴し衣服を洗濯する、昔より、掃除機のおかげで、家もあまり埃っぽくない。これらすべての変化の一つの結果は幼少期において子供たちはより少ないアレルゲンにさらされているという事だ、アレルギーを引き起こす可能性がある物質、そしてこのことは意味する、子供たちの身体がアレルゲンに対する自然免疫を作り上げることができないという事を。簡単に言うと、アレルギーを引きおこす物質にさらされることは自然な予防にとって必要なのだ、それらに対する、発達させるべき。
The trend towards smaller families also means /they young children encounter fewer allergens /in the home. In fact, it is known /that children who have older brothers and sisters are more resistant to allergies. The same is true of children /who share their home with a pet. Such children are much less likely to develop the very common allergy to cat or dog hair, for example.
小家族化への傾向はまた意味する、幼い子供がより少ないアレルゲンに遭遇することを、家庭で。実際、それは知られている、兄や姉がいる子供の方がよりアレルギーに対する抵抗力があることが。同じことが子供について当てはまる、彼らはペットと家を共有する。そのような子供たちは可能性がはるかに少ない、犬や猫の毛に対するとても普通のアレルギーになる可能性ははるかに少ない、例えば。
Scientists agree /that being exposed to a wider range of allergies early in life helps children to develop greater immunity. There is, however, also some data suggesting /that genetics, family income, and even the parents’ level of education may play a part /in how likely a child is to suffer from allergies. Thus, although the hygiene hypothesis is an important area for research, we cannot yet be sure /that too much attention to cleanliness is the only explanation /for enormous rise /in the number of allergy victims.
科学者たちは同意している、より広い範囲のアレルゲンンにさらされることが、幼少期に、子供たちがより強い免疫をつけることを助けるということに。しかしまた、あるデータは示唆している、遺伝的性質、家庭の収入、そして親の教育レベルさえもが役割を演じるかもしれないということを、子供がアレルギーにかかる可能性に。したがって、衛生仮説は重要な研究分野であるけれども私たちはまだ確信することはできない、清潔さに注意しすぎることが唯一の説明であると、大幅な増加に対する、アレルギー患者の数における。