神社の中の茶屋編② 八坂神社 二軒茶屋
八坂神社門前で、お茶とともに味わう京名物。
四条通を、東へ。鴨川に架かる四条大橋を渡り、南座の前を通りすぎ祇園の町並みを歩いていくと、正面にひときわ目を引く大きな朱色の門が見えてくる。この大きな門は「西楼門」と呼ばれる八坂神社の門である。八坂神社は平安時代から今日まで、京都の人々に「祇園さん」との愛称で親しまれ、疫病除けの神として崇敬されていた。祇園祭もここ八坂神社のお祭りである。
Yasaka Shrine
Nikenchaya
A famous Kyoto food at the gates of a famous shrine
Go east along Shijō Street, take Shijō Ōhashi bridge over the Kamo River, pass by Minamiza Theatre and through Gion, and you’ll arrive at the enormous vermilion Nishirōmon gate of Yasaka Shrine. The people of Kyoto have worshipped at “Gion-san”, as Yasaka Shrine is affectionately nicknamed, to ward off illness since the Heian Era. It’s also the home of the Gion Matsuri, that famous festival held throughout the month of July to drive away disease.
この西楼門は、もっとも多くの参拝者がくぐるいわば八坂神社の玄関口で、八坂神社のシンボルともなっているが、じつはこれは正門ではない。西楼門に面している東大路通を南下し、最初の角を東へと曲がり坂を登ると、石でできた鳥居がある。この鳥居をくぐると見える門こそが、八坂神社の正門「南楼門」なのだ。そして、鳥居と南楼門を結ぶ参道に八坂神社とともに長い歴史を歩んできた茶屋、二軒茶屋がある。
Nishirōmon is effectively the symbol of Yasaka Shrine, as well as the gate through which most visitors will enter, but it isn’t actually the main gate. To get to the main gate, go south down Higashiōji Street (the street on which Nishirōmon is located), turn left at the first corner and climb the slope to a stone gate. Through the stone gate, you’ll see the main gate, Minamirōmon, just ahead. Here on the approach to the shrine between the two is Nikenchaya, a tea house whose long history is intertwined with Yasaka Shrine.
いまからおよそ480年前、八坂神社の門前茶屋として室町時代に創業した二軒茶屋は、改装した蔵を活用した趣ある建物で、二階にあるテラス席からは八坂神社を間近に見ることができる。春には桜、秋には紅葉など、四季折々の風景を楽しみながら二軒茶屋で過ごす時間は、いにしえの時代にタイムスリップしたかのような非日常感を味わわせてくれることだろう。悪疫退散を祈願のために毎年7月の一ヶ月にわたって行われる祇園祭の際には、お稚児さんがここへ立ち寄り、休憩や準備などをして八坂神社へと向かうのだという。
Nikenchaya was established in front of the gate of Yasaka Shrine around 480 years ago in the Muromachi Era. The building is a renovated warehouse, with upstairs outdoor seating offering excellent close-up views of the shrine. Sitting here enjoying the seasons—cherry blossoms in spring, red foliage in autumn, and so on—there’s a sense of leaving the every-day behind and slipping back in time to a different age. We’re told that during the Gion Festival, the chigo (a child who is selected as a sacred messenger and famously rides on one of the floats in the procession) stops here to rest and prepare before going on to the shrine.
二軒茶屋の名物は、田楽豆腐。ここ二軒茶屋は田楽豆腐発祥の茶屋とされ、19世紀初頭に出版された十返舎一九の滑稽本「東海道中膝栗毛」にも登場する。木の芽の入った風味の良い味噌とやわらかな豆腐からなる田楽豆腐は、江戸時代ごろから京都の人々に愛されてきた。当時まだ豆腐は高級品だったので、民衆にも食べやすく豆腐を提供しようと考えられたのが田楽豆腐なのだという。店前で女性が豆腐の早切りパフォーマンスを見せたり、三味線や踊りを披露したりもしていたそうだそうだ。田楽豆腐のレシピは代々受け継がれ、いまや二軒茶屋のオリジナルの伝統料理。風味や見た目などは時代に合わせてアレンジはながらも、根本は当初から変わっていない。
Nikenchaya is famous for dengaku tōfu. It is said to have been invented at this tea house and is mentioned in Jippensha Ikku’s early-19th-century comic novel Tōkaidōchū Hizakurige (translated as Shank’s Mare) which portrays lifestyles of tradesmen and artisans at the time. Dengaku tōfu is made with soft tōfu and miso flavored with leaf buds, and has been a favorite with Kyoto locals since the Edo Era. Nikenchaya came up with the dish as way for common folk to eat tōfu, which was an expensive delicacy at the time. The tea house promoted it with high-speed tōfu chopping performances and women playing shamisen (a three-stringed traditional instrument) and dancing in front of the shop. The recipe has been handed down through the generations, so dengaku tōfu remains Nikenchaya’s very own traditional recipe. The appearance and flavor have varied over the years in keeping with the times, but its essence remains the same.
現在では名物の田楽豆腐の他に、SNSなどで若者に人気のある抹茶やイチゴ味のパフェや、季節の和菓子とお抹茶のセットなどもおすすめ。八坂神社で参拝した後に、京都の人々が愛し続ける甘味を食し、ゆったりとした時間の流れに身を任せてみては。
Nikenchaya also has a delicious range of desserts on the menu, including matcha and strawberry parfaits that are popular with young people on social media, and seasonal sweet and matcha sets. After you’ve paid your respects at Yasaka Shrine, why not relax and enjoy the sweet taste that has long held a place in hearts of the people of Kyoto?