毎日英語学習

毎日英語学習をしています

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The Harlem Renaissance

The Haarlem Renaissance, or New Negro movement, as it was originally christened, was a flourishing of African-American literature and art in the Harlem neighborhood of New York City in the 1920s and early 1930s.

The stage for this rebirth was set when millions of newly freed southern blacks, after enduring the hardships of slavery and Reconstruction in the 1800s, moved to New York and other northern cities in an exodus as the Great Migration.

By the end of World War I, a poor but culturally vibrant black community had taken root in Harlem.

Much of the foundation of the Harlem Renaissance was set by the African-American historian and social theorist W.E.B.DuBois, famous for his sociological treatise The Souls of Black Folk (1903) and for his role on the founding of the NAACP in 1909.

DuBois asserted a new sense of black cultural consciousness and pride, inspiring a generation of young writers and artists to create a distinctive African-American voice.

One of the leading writers of the Harlem Renaissance was James Weldon Johnson, who penned the novel Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man (1912) and the celebrated collection of verse sermons entitled God’s Trombones (1927) and Their Eye Were Watching God (1937) were among the first critically acclaimed major literary works by African woman.

The Harlem Renaissance produced an especially rich body of poetry.

Whereas some of the movement’s poets, such as Countee Cullen, relied on traditional forms, others , such as Langston Hughes, incorporated rhythms from the newly burgeoning genre of jazz music into there works. Such links between the music and literature of the Harlem Renaissance were inextricable, and major figures in the two fields inspired one another throughout the movement.

In the 1930s, the Harlem Renaissance waned as the Great Depression hit the black community in New York particularly hard.

Nonetheless, the new style and themes pioneered curing  the era endured, paving the way for Ralph Ellison, Richard Wright, Lorraine Hansberry, Tomi Morrison, Alice Walker, and others among the new generations of African-American novelists, poets, and playwrights.