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ChatGPTとTOEFL®ライティング練習1-3

※※※ ご注意 ※※※
TOEFL iBT®は、2023年7月26日から形式が変更され、
それ以降 "Independent Task" は消滅します。
【参考】 TOEFL iBT®が大幅リニューアル

 

前回の続きで、Bodyパラグラフの2つめに進みます。
(シリーズを1から読みたい方はこちら

お題:
Technology has improved human communication. 

◆答案(Body 2)

In addition, technology has allowed us to meet new people around the world, helping broaden our horizons. Again, the Internet is a major force behind this development. Suppose you live in Japan, for instance; in the past, you could only interact with those living in the same neighborhood. In contrast, today, with Internet access, you are able to make friends with people living in the opposite side of the planet, including those in the United States, Brazil and Chile. Through air traveling enabled by planes, which is another technology, we can even visit them at much lower costs than before, experiencing different cultures in person. All of these help us broaden our perspectives, which enhances our understanding of people from different backgrounds. In fact, I often use an online tutoring service where Americans teach us English, thanks to which I can better understand their typical thinking patterns. Such experience, which would be impossible were it not for the Internet, could promote mutual understanding among diverse people around the globe.

前回よりも具体的なexampleを書けたような気がする & 仮定法も強引に(ラストの1文に)盛り込んでみましたが、他方で語彙レベルがあまり高くない(目を引くような語彙を2, 3個ぐらい入れたかった)のが反省点、というのが書いた直後の感想。

 

◆やりとり①(文法)

文法的にOKかどうか聞いてみましょう。

返答:

Yes, the passage is grammatically correct. It contains complex sentence structures and uses appropriate punctuation, making the ideas clear and easy to follow. The paragraph also effectively uses transitional words and phrases to connect the ideas and develop the topic logically.

いやー、でも前回、明らかなミスも無視されてcorrect扱いされているので、ちょっと疑心暗鬼です。さらに確認するも、特に有益なコメントが得られなかったので、次に進みます。

    

◆やりとり②(内容・構成)

内容と構成に関して尋ねると、3点アドバイスが返ってきました。その2点目がこれ:

Use specific examples: The paragraph includes one example of how the Internet has allowed us to meet people from different parts of the world. Consider adding more examples to support your argument and make your points more concrete.

もっと具体例を加えよ、と。IELTSだと文章が冗長になって評価されなそうなアドバイスですが、TOEFLだと確かに効果的ではありそうです。どんな具体例がありうるのか聞いてみます。

1. Social media: Social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram allow people to connect with others around the world. (略)

2. Online communities: There are many online communities focused on specific topics, such as gaming, fitness, or cooking. These communities often have members from around the world who share a common interest. (略)

3. Online dating: Online dating apps and websites allow people to connect with others who are looking for romantic relationships. (略)

4. Language exchange programs: As mentioned earlier, there are many online language exchange programs where people can connect with others who are interested in practicing a language. (略)

アカデミックなテストでonline datingについて書くのは躊躇してしまいそうですが、1つめのsocial mediaは確かに汎用性の高そうな例です。「新しい人に出会う」という意味では、2つめのonline communitiesも書きやすそう。似た興味関心をもった人たちと繋がる → インターネットが存在する前だと不可能だったような交流ができると、というのは書きやすそう。

  

◆やりとり③(語彙)

今回は、more sophisticatedな語彙で書き換えてもらった文から、気になったものを紹介してみます。(太字は特に印象的な表現)

  • a major force
    → a pivotal force

  • you could only interact with those living in the same neighborhood
    → once your social circle was limited to your immediate vicinity

  • with Internet access, you are able to make friends with people living in the opposite side of the planet
    → with the availability of the Internet, the opportunity to engage with individuals from diverse backgrounds across the planet has never been easier

  • which enhances our understanding of people from different backgrounds
    → which in turn elevates our comprehension of people from varying origins

  • thanks to which I can better understand their typical thinking patterns
    affording me insight into their typical thinking patterns

  • Such experience
    → This kind of exposure 

良いなあ… こういうアドバイスを一瞬でしてくれるのがChatGPTの嬉しいところです。engageなんかは、engage in Oで「Oに従事する」で覚えることの多い表現ですが、上ではengage with Oで「Oと関わり合いをもつ」という意味で使ってくれているようです。communicateやinteractをもっとパラフレーズしたいときの候補の1つとして覚えておくと良さそう。

affording me insight into Oとか、exposureあたりも、1人で勉強していると思いつかなそうな書き換え候補。

  

◆やりとり④(Overall)

今回も答案を10点満点で採点してみてもらいます。

I would rate this paragraph an 8 out of 10.

また8かー!

前回同様、10点満点の答案を書いてもらいましょう。(印象的な部分は太字にしてみます。)

With the advent of technology, communication has become easier and more efficient, enabling us to connect with people from different corners of the world. One of the most significant contributors to this development is the Internet, which has enabled individuals from Japan, for instance, to interact and form friendships with people residing in the United States, Brazil, and Chile, among other far-off places. Furthermore, air travel has become more affordable, thanks to advances in aviation technology, allowing people to travel to different countries and experience different cultures firsthand. These experiences help broaden our perspectives and enhance our understanding of people from diverse backgrounds. To illustrate, I frequently use an online tutoring service where I learn from native English speakers, helping me better understand their unique way of thinking. Such experiences are made possible by technology, and they have the potential to promote mutual understanding and appreciation among diverse individuals worldwide.

話の流れは元の答案に準拠してくれつつ、表現がよりこなれている(&語彙レベルが高くなっている)印象です。こういう書き換えは勉強になるので助かる!

  

◆オマケ

今回は、このパラグラフの内容に対して考えうる反論(counterarguments)にはどのようなものがありそうか尋ねてみます。

One possible counterargument could be that technology has actually led to a decrease in face-to-face interactions, and therefore, hindered our ability to understand people from different backgrounds. Some people may argue that virtual communication cannot replace the personal connections and cultural experiences gained through in-person interactions. Additionally, some may argue that the Internet and social media can create "echo chambers" where people only interact with those who share similar beliefs and values, limiting their exposure to diverse perspectives. Another counterargument could be that (略).

face-to-face interactionsが減るという主張は前回も登場しました。

echo chambersの指摘はごもっともな反論で、「似た意見の人とだけ交流することが可能になってしまい、むしろ視野は狭まって、異なる意見の人とのコミュニケーションがとれなくなってしまった」といった話が書けそうです。Some might argue that … で使えそうですね。(これに反論するのは骨が折れそうだけど。)

 

まとめ

今回は、Body 2(つまり全体でみれば第3パラグラフ)を添削してもらいました。Bodyを3段落構成で書く人が多いようですが、自分はTOEFLではBodyを2つで書くスタイルなので、あとはConclusionを残すのみです。

だんだんChatGPTのクセみたいなものも分かってきたように感じます。とりあえず、OKとかcorrectとか言われても、「もっと改善点ないの?」とか「よりベターな答案に書き換えてみてよ」とお願いすれば、さらにハイレベルな答案を作ってくれます。「現状に満足できない!もっとレベルが高いエッセイを書けるようになりたい」という人にとっては、とことん付き合ってくれるコーチという感じで使えますね。    

次の記事(Conclusion)はこちら

~他のTOEFL (Independent Task)関連の記事はこちら~   

 


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