1000日チャレンジ 536日目 英語でSDGsを学ぶ(6) Goal 2. 飢餓をゼロに Zero hunger
ゴールまで464日
★BMI：24.0
★ここまで英語の勉強と美術の勉強を兼ねて、主に英語の美術書を読んだり、NHKの英語テキストを使った勉強を進めてきた。ネタ切れ的なこともあって、次の英語で勉強することをあれこれ考えているときに、SDGsについて勉強するのもいいかなと思い、始めることにした。SDGsのロゴ使用は非商業利用であれば許諾不要であることを確認済なので、これから前文、17のゴールについて、ロゴも使用しながら勉強のメモを残していきたい。
◎Goal 2. End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture
2.1 By 2030, end hunger and ensure access by all people, in particular the poor and people in vulnerable situations, including infants, to safe, nutritious and sufficient food all year round
2.2 By 2030, end all forms of malnutrition, including achieving, by 2025, the internationally agreed targets on stunting and wasting in children under 5 years of age, and address the nutritional needs of adolescent girls, pregnant and lactating women and older persons
2.3 By 2030, double the agricultural productivity and incomes of small-scale food producers, in particular women, indigenous peoples, family farmers, pastoralists and fishers, including through secure and equal access to land, other productive resources and inputs, knowledge, financial services, markets and opportunities for value addition and non-farm employment
2.4 By 2030, ensure sustainable food production systems and implement resilient agricultural practices that increase productivity and production, that help maintain ecosystems, that strengthen capacity for adaptation to climate change, extreme weather, drought, flooding and other disasters and that progressively improve land and soil quality
2.5 By 2020, maintain the genetic diversity of seeds, cultivated plants and farmed and domesticated animals and their related wild species, including through soundly managed and diversified seed and plant banks at the national, regional and international levels, and promote access to and fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge, as internationally agreed
2.a Increase investment, including through enhanced international cooperation, in rural infrastructure, agricultural research and extension services, technology development and plant and livestock gene banks in order to enhance agricultural productive capacity in developing countries, in particular least developed countries
2.b Correct and prevent trade restrictions and distortions in world agricultural markets, including through the parallel elimination of all forms of agricultural export subsidies and all export measures with equivalent effect, in accordance with the mandate of the Doha Development Round
2.c Adopt measures to ensure the proper functioning of food commodity markets and their derivatives and facilitate timely access to market information, including on food reserves, in order to help limit extreme food price volatility
★infant；幼児、nutritious；栄養の、malnutrition；低栄養状態、adolescent；未熟な、indigenous；原産の、pastoralist；牧畜民（a way of keeping animals such as cattle, sheep, etc. that involves moving them from place to place to find water and food）、rural；農業の、distortion；ゆがみ、elimination；廃止、in accordance with；～に従って（according to a rule or the way that someone says that something should be done）、mandate；命令、指令、volatility；変動性
◎2番目の目標は「飢餓の撲滅」。飢餓をなくしたい→そのためには、小規模な農業生産者の収入を増やしたい→農業の生産性を上げなければならない→作物・畜産物のもとになる生物の多様性を守らなければならない→国際的に協力して研究したり、不公正な取引の制限をかけなければ→食品価格の極端な上下を防ぐための市場監視の仕組みも必要、というのが主な内容になっている。