1000日チャレンジ 550日目 英語でSDGsを学ぶ(18) Goal 14. 海の豊かさを守ろう Life below water
ゴールまで450日
★BMI：24.2
★ここまで英語の勉強と美術の勉強を兼ねて、主に英語の美術書を読んだり、NHKの英語テキストを使った勉強を進めてきた。ネタ切れ的なこともあって、次の英語で勉強することをあれこれ考えているときに、SDGsについて勉強するのもいいかなと思い、始めることにした。SDGsのロゴ使用は非商業利用であれば許諾不要であることを確認済なので、これから前文、17のゴールについて、ロゴも使用しながら勉強のメモを残していきたい。
◎Goal 14. Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development
14.1 By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution
14.2 By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans
14.3 Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels
14.4 By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science-based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics
14.5 By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information
14.6 By 2020, prohibit certain forms of fisheries subsidies which contribute to overcapacity and overfishing, eliminate subsidies that contribute to illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and refrain from introducing new such subsidies, recognizing that appropriate and effective special and differential treatment for developing and least developed countries should be an integral part of the World Trade Organization fisheries subsidies negotiation
14.7 By 2030, increase the economic benefits to Small Island developing States and least developed countries from the sustainable use of marine resources, including through sustainable management of fisheries, aquaculture and tourism
14.a Increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular small island developing States and least developed countries
14.b Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets
14.c Enhance the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources by implementing international law as reflected in UNCLOS, which provides the legal framework for the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources, as recalled in paragraph 158 of The Future We Want
★pollution；汚染、nutrient；栄養、coastal；海岸の、restoration；回復、aquaculture；水産養殖（the growing of plants in water for food）
◎14番目は海洋資源の保護に関する目標。海洋汚染や乱獲の防止と海洋資源の多様性の回復などを課題としてあげている。科学的な知見に基づいて、国際的な枠組みで取り組むことを求めている。
この問題も、日本のような海洋国であっても、身近な暮らしの問題として捉えるのが難しい状況なので、国際的な合意形成をしていくのは難しい分野なのだろうと想像できる。クジラを巡る問題でも、”科学的”な事実さえ共有できていないし、文化とのかかわりもある問題も存在している。