Happy Women's Map 岐阜県 日本の女性労働研究の第一人者 竹中 恵美子 女史
「ジェンダー視点による労働問題の分析，それは21世紀における男女にとって，人間として尊厳ある生き方・働き方を追求する理論だ」
"Analyzing labor issues from a gender perspective, it's a theory that seeks dignified ways of working and living for men and women in the 21st century."
竹中 恵美子 女史
Ms. Emiko Takenaka
1929 -
岐阜県大垣市 生誕
Born in Ogaki-city, Gifu-ken
竹中 恵美子 女史は日本における女性労働研究の第一人者です。
Ms. Emiko Takenaka is a leading expert in the field of women's labor research in Japan.
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恵美子は太平洋戦争中に岐阜県立大垣高等女学校で「軍国少女の人生を変える僥倖」、教員から河上肇の『貧乏物語』の話を聴きます。経済学へ関心を持って大阪府女子専門学校（現・大阪府立大学）経済科に入学。近隣の男子学生とも議論を交わす中で、さらに大阪商科大学（現・大阪市立大学）経済学部へ進学します。「経済学とは金儲けの学問ではない，経世済民の学である」のもと卒業論文「男女賃金格差と男女同一労働同一賃金原則についての一考察」を書き上げます。 ２２歳で助手として採用され、女性労働研究の道を邁進し始めます。そんな中、恵美子は在日朝鮮人で歴史学者の姜在彦と結婚します。周囲の差別にさらされながら親戚家族の援助もなく、家事・育児・研究に奔走。一人の働く女性として結婚生活での男性と女性の役割・分業について葛藤しながら、それらをかたちづくる社会の問題に向き合います。恵美子は、無視され続けてきた女性の経験を労働問題として論じるために、非正規労働を多く占める女性の統計データを集めはじめます。西口俊子と一緒に、様々な仕事の現場で働く女性たちを丹念に取材し『女のしごと・女の職場』を共著で発表。雇用方法・勤続期間・ 仕事の種類・昇進方法など、女性労働者の実態・問題を明らかにして女性たちに衝撃を与えます。ならびに「男女賃金差別撤廃」を目指す労働組合運動また論争を盛り上げます。さらに恵美子は久場嬉子と一緒に女性の家事を調査、社会的に必要な家事労働として評価します。「見えない労働」で女性を労働市場から分離し抑圧してきた家父長制構造の弊害を明らかにするとともに、社会保障・社会福祉はじめワークシェアリングなど多様な社会システムの議論を広げています。
During World War II, Emiko attended Gifu Prefectural Ogaki Girls' High School, where she had the opportunity to hear the story of "The Fortunate Event that Changed the Life of a Militaristic Girl" and learned about "The Story of a Poor Man" by Hajime Kawakami from her teacher. This sparked her interest in economics. She enrolled in the Economics Department at Osaka Women's Specialized College (now Osaka Prefectural University), where she engaged in discussions with male students from nearby institutions. She later continued her studies at Osaka City University's Faculty of Economics. Driven by the belief that "economics is not just about making money; it is a study of managing the world and the economy," she completed her graduation thesis titled "An Examination of the Gender Wage Gap and the Principle of Equal Pay for Equal Work." At the age of 22, she was hired as an assistant and embarked on a career in women's labor research. During this period, Emiko married Kang Chae-hyon, a historian of Korean descent in Japan. Faced with discrimination and without the support of extended family, she balanced household chores, childcare, and research. She grappled with the roles and division of labor between men and women in her marriage, which also led her to confront broader societal issues. Emiko began collecting statistical data on female workers, who predominantly held non-regular employment positions, to discuss women's experiences that had long been ignored as labor issues. Alongside Shunko Nishiguchi, she conducted extensive interviews with women working in various fields and co-authored the book "Women's Work, Women's Workplace," which shed light on the realities and challenges faced by female workers, including employment methods, length of service, job types, and promotion methods, leaving a lasting impact on women. Emiko also actively participated in the labor union movement and debates aimed at eliminating gender wage discrimination. Additionally, she collaborated with Kiyo Kubo to investigate women's household labor, emphasizing its value as socially necessary labor. She revealed the drawbacks of the patriarchal system that had oppressed women by relegating them to the "invisible labor" of the household and expanded discussions on various social systems, including social security, social welfare, and work-sharing, while bringing attention to the need for a diverse range of social systems.
-大阪市立大学 Osaka City Univ.
-明石書店 Akashi Books Shop
-大阪府立男女共同参画・青少年センター（ドーンセンター）Dawn Center
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