【英語の読み物】The History of Diamond | ダイヤモンドの歴史
Diamonds are said to have been discovered in India around the 7th or 8th century BC. At that time, they were used as amulets or ornaments because of their hardness and brilliance.
Diamonds were traded in India from around the 4th century BC, and then spread to Europe and the Middle East. In the Middle Ages, they became popular among royalty and nobility, and were seen as symbols of fashion and power.
In the 15th century, the technology of polishing diamonds developed in Belgium, and the beauty and value of diamonds increased even more. After that, new diamond mines were discovered in Brazil, South Africa, and other places, and the production of diamonds increased.
From the late 19th century to the early 20th century, De Beers company dominated the diamond market, and launched various campaigns to increase the demand for diamonds. One of the most famous ones was the slogan "A diamond is forever".
From the second half of the 20th century to the 21st century, diamonds were used in various fields. For example, for industrial purposes, they were used for cutting and grinding, and for medical purposes, they were used for artificial joints and artificial hearts. Also, synthetic diamonds and colored diamonds were developed.
Diamonds are still loved by many people today, but on the other hand, there is also a problem of blood diamonds that are mined in conflict areas. Blood diamonds are diamonds that are sold by rebel groups to fund their wars, and they cause human rights violations and environmental destruction. To solve this problem, an international initiative called the Kimberley Process is being carried out.