《上級者向け》今日の英語ニュース☆2024.10.15☆時事英語・ニュース英語を極める☆PBS News Hour
■今日の動画：PBS News Hour Oct. 14, 2024
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■今日の注目語句
番組を理解する上で問題になりそうな英語表現や注目すべき語句を書き出しています。リンクを付けてありますので、動画を見て、分からないものがあったら調べてください 。自分で調べることに意義があります。
調べる時間がない場合や調べても分からない場合は、下の有料部分に説明があります。辞書の定義では分かりにくい場合は、文脈の中でどのような意味で使われているかを説明しています。
説明はほとんどすべて英語です。英語は英語で理解することを習慣にしましょう。英語を別の英語で言い換えることが出来るようになると、英会話が飛躍的に上達します。
08:06] After one airstrike too many, Widad and her teenage daughter left home with what they could carry.
[11:26] The U.N. also says that Israel's new campaign has blocked all aid into Northern Gaza since October the 1st, leading Israel's military to deny a plan that's now been made public that's been known as a retired general's plan to starve out Northern Gaza to create a permanent military zone.
[** retired general = Maj-Gen (ret) Giora Eiland //
retired general's plan < “Since we already encircled the northern part of Gaza in the past nine or 10 months, what we should do is the following thing to tell all the 300,000 residents... who still live in the northern part of Gaza that they have to leave this area and they should be given 10 days to leave through safe corridors that Israel will provide. And after that time, all this area will become to be a military zone. And all the Hamas people will still, though, whether some of them are fighters, some of them are civilians… will have two choices either to surrender or to starve." https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c1e82yy0wxno ]
[17:31] TODD HERHART, Voter: We're 23 days away from the election. And the days drag. It's like a 10-year-old waiting for Santa Claus to come. The days just can't get here fast enough.
[29:48] And so that language, yes, that's going to turn off the people who are already not going to vote for him, but it could excite the people who he needs to get off the couch. In the competition with the couch, he is escalating the rhetoric to try to make the stakes higher for those people.
[** "Competition with the couch" refers to the challenge of motivating voters who prefer to stay home rather than participate in elections. This term highlights the difficulty in encouraging supporters to actually cast their ballots, rather than merely increasing the number of supporters. //
In this context, "couch" symbolizes the comfort of staying at home and avoiding the effort of going to the polling place and casting a ballot.]
[32:08] But in some places, the European colonial authorities decided to bring more Europeans in, and then they wanted to make that attractive, so they'd give more rights to the people they're trying to bring in. In other places, they didn't try to bring Europeans. They just tried to control the local population, extract taxes, or, of course, run the slave trade and all kinds of other horrible activities. And in those places, they set up very extractive institutions. And the problem is, a lot of those -- these initial institutions, including the ones that are really very bad for most people, those have persisted or the effects have lasted in ways that we still live with today.
[** In this contexxt, "extractive institutions" are systems established by colonial powers that prioritize the extraction (taking away) of wealth and resources from a region, often exploiting the local population without providing them with rights, benefits, or opportunities for development. ]
[32:43] SIMON JOHNSON: Well, I personally came to this after 10 years of working in the former Eastern Bloc after the collapse of the Soviet empire. I worked in Poland, other Eastern European countries, and I worked in Ukraine and Russia. And I was frustrated with the fact that some of our standard economic tools were not really working as expected. And I started to think about and to study corruption, the unofficial economy, and other things sort of about the structure of the economy.
[42:36] MARJORIE BETLEY: These students might not have access to AP classes or dual enrollment or honors classes, which at the end of the day might limit which schools they can even apply to, depending on admissions requirements from different schools.
[* AP = Advanced Placement = 以前の番組に出てきました ]
[** dual enrollment = a program that allows high school students to enroll in and take courses at a local college or university while still attending high school ]
[* honors class = an advanced-level high school course that offers more challenging material and a faster-paced curriculum than regular classes, designed for academically excelling students ]
[43:04] STEPHANIE SY: Columbia admissions officer Paige Cook says they do take into account what resources applicants have access to at their high school.
PAIGE COOK, Columbia University: Those types of contextual information make my job a lot easier at trying to uncover if that student is doing as much as they can.
[47:28] GRASIE MERCEDES: My Latinidad has been challenged because of my Spanish fluency.
[48:35] GRASIE MERCEDES: I think, as a person of color in the United States, it's often hard to feel truly American, because we are constantly othered and constantly put in a box. And I think that's the experience of so many Latinos who are second- or first- or third-generation.
[49:02] DIEGO PAYAN: Not speaking the language does not mean that you're not of value, that you don't matter, that you don't belong. You have to give yourself grace for your story and how that's contributed to where your Spanish is today.
[** give someone grace = to offer kindness, forgiveness, and understanding toward someone ]
[** how that's contributed to where your Spanish is today = how the person's story or experiences have shaped their current level of proficiency in the Spanish language. ]
[50:49] MARK HUGO LOPEZ: There's a certain amount of street credibility or credibility of, are you truly Hispanic? Well, you're only truly Hispanic if you speak Spanish. And that has been a common theme. Those who are seen as truly of the group have to be Spanish speakers, close to their immigrant roots and proud of that.
[51:09] Like, there was an event a couple of years ago where a young boy was interviewed by a Spanish-language television after a soccer match in Los Angeles. And the young boy didn't speak Spanish. And immediately you could hear commentary from the studio in the background where people referred to him as a no sabo kid, I Don't Know kid.
[** no sabo kid = (derogatory) a Hispanic person who grew up in a non-Spanish speaking country and knows little to no Spanish (wiktionary) < From Spanish (yo) no sabo, an incorrect way of saying no sé (“I don't know”), + kid ]
■その他の語句
「今日の注目語句」以外の大切な語句、気になる表現、以前説明した語句などをまとめています。下の字幕ファイルの中に説明やリンクがあります。
choice language
die-hard/ die-hard Trump supporters
Charlamagne tha God
lean into
identify
run the numbers
first-gen student
abuelo
comunidad
cultura
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