【一問一答】下肢の骨
寛骨 (Hip Bone / Coxal Bone)
Q: 小児期には腸骨・坐骨・恥骨から構成され、成人期にはこれらが癒合して形成される下肢帯の骨は？
A: 寛骨 (Hip Bone / Coxal Bone)
Q: Which bone of the lower limb girdle is formed by the fusion of the ilium, ischium, and pubis in adulthood?
A: Hip Bone / Coxal Bone
腸骨 (Ilium)
Q: 寛骨の上部を構成し、腸骨稜を含む骨は？
A: 腸骨 (Ilium)
Q: Which bone forms the upper part of the hip bone and includes the iliac crest?
A: Ilium
坐骨 (Ischium)
Q: 寛骨の後下部を構成し、座位時に体重を支える部位となる骨は？
A: 坐骨 (Ischium)
Q: Which bone forms the posteroinferior part of the hip bone and supports body weight when sitting?
A: Ischium
恥骨 (Pubis)
Q: 寛骨の前部を構成し、左右の恥骨が結合して恥骨結合を形成する骨は？
A: 恥骨 (Pubis)
Q: Which bone forms the anterior part of the hip bone and joins its counterpart at the pubic symphysis?
A: Pubis
仙骨 (Sacrum)
Q: 5つの椎骨が癒合して形成され、骨盤後壁を構成する骨は？
A: 仙骨 (Sacrum)
Q: Which bone is formed by the fusion of five vertebrae and forms the posterior wall of the pelvis?
A: Sacrum
尾骨 (Coccyx)
Q: 脊柱の最下部に位置し、複数の尾椎が癒合して形成される骨は？
A: 尾骨 (Coccyx)
Q: Which bone, located at the bottom of the vertebral column, is formed by the fusion of several coccygeal vertebrae?
A: Coccyx
大腿骨 (Femur)
Q: 人体で最長かつ最強の骨で、股関節と膝関節を形成する下肢の骨は？
A: 大腿骨 (Femur)
Q: Which is the longest and strongest bone in the human body, forming the hip and knee joints?
A: Femur
股関節 (Hip Joint)
Q: 寛骨の寛骨臼と大腿骨頭で構成され、球関節として広範な運動を可能にする関節は？
A: 股関節 (Hip Joint)
Q: Which joint, formed by the acetabulum of the hip bone and the head of the femur, is a ball-and-socket joint that allows a wide range of motion?
A: Hip Joint
膝関節 (Knee Joint)
Q: 大腿骨、脛骨、膝蓋骨で構成され、関節軟骨と半月板により支持される関節は？
A: 膝関節 (Knee Joint)
Q: Which joint, formed by the femur, tibia, and patella, is supported by articular cartilage and menisci?
A: Knee Joint
膝蓋骨 (Patella)
Q: 大腿四頭筋腱内に形成され、膝関節の前面に位置する人体最大の種子骨は？
A: 膝蓋骨 (Patella)
Q: Which is the largest sesamoid bone in the human body, formed within the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle and located at the front of the knee joint?
A: Patella
脛骨 (Tibia)
Q: 脛の内側に位置し、膝関節と足関節を形成する下肢の主要な長管骨は？
A: 脛骨 (Tibia)
Q: Which long bone, located medially in the lower leg, forms the knee and ankle joints?
A: Tibia
腓骨 (Fibula)
Q: 脛の外側に位置し、足関節の外側を安定させる細長い下肢の骨は？
A: 腓骨 (Fibula)
Q: Which slender bone, located laterally in the lower leg, stabilizes the lateral aspect of the ankle joint?
A: Fibula
足根骨 (Tarsal Bones)
Q: 足首と足の近位部を形成し、距骨や踵骨を含む7つの短骨は？
A: 足根骨 (Tarsal Bones)
Q: Which group of seven short bones, including the talus and calcaneus, forms the ankle and proximal part of the foot?
A: Tarsal Bones
中足骨 (Metatarsal Bones)
Q: 足のアーチと中部を形成し、第1から第5まで番号が付けられる5本の長骨は？
A: 中足骨 (Metatarsal Bones)
Q: Which five long bones, numbered from 1 to 5, form the arch and midfoot?
A: Metatarsal Bones
趾骨 (Phalanges of the Toes)
Q: 足の各趾を構成し、基節骨・中節骨・末節骨からなるが、母趾は2つの骨で構成される骨群は？
A: 趾骨 (Phalanges of the Toes)
Q: Which bones form each toe, consisting of proximal, middle, and distal phalanges, except for the big toe which has only two?
A: Phalanges of the Toes
基節骨 (Proximal Phalanges)
Q: 各趾の基部に位置し、中足骨と関節を形成する趾骨は？
A: 基節骨 (Proximal Phalanges)
Q: Which phalanges are located at the base of each toe and articulate with the metatarsal bones?
A: Proximal Phalanges
中節骨 (Middle Phalanges)
Q: 母趾を除く各趾に存在し、基節骨と末節骨の間に位置する趾骨は？
A: 中節骨 (Middle Phalanges)
Q: Which phalanges, present in all toes except the big toe, lie between the proximal and distal phalanges?
A: Middle Phalanges
末節骨 (Distal Phalanges)
Q: 各趾の先端を構成し、爪床を支持する趾骨は？
A: 末節骨 (Distal Phalanges)
Q: Which phalanges form the tips of each toe and support the nail beds?
A: Distal Phalanges