情動脱力発作はナルコレプシー１型以外の疾患でも引き起こされる可能性がある。

情動脱力発作(カタプレキシー)が引き起こされるナルコレプシー１型以外の疾患について下記にまとめました。

身体症状症、身体化障害、パーキンソン病、頭蓋咽頭腫、虚血性発作、 多発性硬化症、頭部傷害、腫瘍随伴症候群、傍腫瘍性症候群、傍新生物性症候群 、脳炎のような感染症、視床下部病変、腫瘍摘出、視床下部の物理的ダメージ、ニーマン・ピック病C型

引用文献は下記になります。

Somatizaion disorder 身体症状症、身体化障害、
https://www.medicalhomeportal.org/.../somatic-symptom...
Parkinson’s disease パーキンソン病
https://narcolepsy.sleep-disorders.net/parkinsons...
In craniopharyngiomas, 頭蓋咽頭腫 the onset of cataplectic symptoms is between 5-10 years of age, which is earlier than the peak of narcolepsy with cataplexy in children around the second decade between 12-18 years. Other conditions in which cataplexy can be seen include ischemic events 虚血性発作, multiple sclerosis 多発性硬化症, head injury 頭部傷害, paraneoplastic syndromes腫瘍随伴症候群、傍腫瘍性症候群、傍新生物性症候群 , and infections such as encephalitis 脳炎のような感染症. Cataplexy may also occur transiently or permanently due to lesions of the hypothalamus 視床下部病変 that were caused by surgery, especially in difficult tumor resections腫瘍摘出.
Several reports have documented that damage to the lateral側面 and posterior後面 hypothalamus視床下部 resulted in a loss of hypocretin producing neurons and the subsequent development of excessive daytime sleepiness and cataplexy [26, 27].
Cataplexy can be seen in infancy in association with other neurological syndromes such as Neimann-Pick type C diseaseニーマン・ピック病C型

“Secondary cataplexy is associated with specific lesions located primarily in the lateral and posterior hypothalamus.”　
 
“In children cataplexy may alert the clinician to the presence of a tumor, particularly craniopharyngioma. This tumor accounts for 9 percent of all pediatric intracranial tumors [25]. In craniopharyngiomas, the onset of cataplectic symptoms is between 5-10 years of age, which is earlier than the peak of narcolepsy with cataplexy in children around the second decade between 12-18 years. Other conditions in which cataplexy can be seen include ischemic events, multiple sclerosis, head injury, paraneoplastic syndromes, and infections such as encephalitis. Cataplexy may also occur transiently or permanently due to lesions of the hypothalamus that were caused by surgery, especially in difficult tumor resections. These lesions or generalized processes disrupt the hypocretin neurons and their pathways.”
“Several reports have documented that damage to the lateral and posterior hypothalamus resulted in a loss of hypocretin producing neurons and the subsequent development of excessive daytime sleepiness and cataplexy [26, 27]. ”
 
“Cataplexy can be seen in infancy in association with other neurological syndromes such as Neimann-Pick type C disease [28, 29]. ”

 
Cataplexy
http://dx.doi.org/10.4249/scholarpedia.3317
 
25. Einhaus SI, S.R., Craniopharyngioma, in Principles and Practice of Pediatric Neurosurgery, P.I. Albright AL, Adelson PD, Editor. 1999, Thieme: New York. p. 545-562.
 
26. Malik, S., et al., Narcolepsy associated with other central nervous system disorders. Neurology, 2001. 57(3): p. 539-41.
 
27. Marcus, C.L., et al., Secondary narcolepsy in children with brain tumors. Sleep, 2002. 25(4): p. 435-9.
 
28. Vankova, J., et al., Sleep disturbances and hypocretin deficiency in Niemann-Pick disease type C. Sleep, 2003. 26(4): p. 427-30.
 
29. Challamel, M.J., et al., Narcolepsy in children. Sleep, 1994. 17(8 Suppl): p. S17-20.

ちなみに情動脱力発作だけでなく、オレキシンの減少もナルコレプシー１型以外の他の疾患でも引き起こされる可能性があることをご存知でしたか？