ãðºðžã¢ã¡ãªã«ðœãåŒãèµ·ããã 倩å®éäºä»¶ç·šãã»ãäžçã®ïŒå€§ææã ã¯ã æ¢åè¶ ïŒ1873ïœ1927)ðäžåœäººãžã£ãŒããªã¹ãã»æ¿æ²»å®¶ã«ããæ¿æ²»çããããã¬ã³ãã ã ã£ãã»ã»ã»ïŒïŒð§ðŠ
ïŒã¡ã«ãã¬ãetc., ãªã©ããã®è»¢èŒã§ãïŒ
ïŒïŒæïŒïŒæ¥ãŸã§å ¬éãããªïŒ
件å: å €æªæã®æ°ãããžã§ã¯ããå§å
æ¥ä»: 2021幎8æ28æ¥
9æ30æ¥(æš)ããå €æªææ°ã®
æ°ãããžã§ã¯ããå§åããŸã....
æ°ãããžã§ã¯ãã®éå¬ã«ããã£ãŠã
å €æªææ°ãæ¬äººããã®
åç»ã¡ãã»ãŒãžãããã®ã§ã
ãŸãã¯ããã¡ãã®ããŒãžãã芧ãã ããã
âããâããâ
ïŒå €æªæããã®ã¡ãã»ãŒãžãèŠã
â»ãæ軜ã«ãèŠèŽããŠããã ããããã«ã3å17ç§ã®çãåç»ã«ãŸãšããŠããŸãã
远䌞ïŒ
ä»å¹Žã®4æã6æã«éå¬ãã
å €æªæã®ãªã³ã©ã€ã³ã»ãããŒ
ãåœéæ©é¢ã®ã«ã©ã¯ãªãã倧奜è©ã ã£ãããã
ç¶ç·šãéå¬ããããšã«ãªããŸãã!!
ä»åã®ã¿ã€ãã«ã¯ã
ãã¢ã¡ãªã«ãè²ãŠãäžåœå
񇜆
ã®çå®
ãããéãšäººäºã§èªã¿è§£ãç±³äžæŠäºãã§ãã
ç±³äžã®ããã¯ãžã£ã€ã¢ã³ãã
ãµã€ããŒç©ºéã®èŠæš©äºããæ¿åãããŠããŸãã
ä»åã®ãªã³ã©ã€ã³ã»ãããŒã§ã¯ã
ãéã»äººäºã»æŽå²ã®3ã€ã®èŠç¹ããã
ç±³äžæŠäºã®çã®å§¿ãèªã¿è§£ããŸãã
ãããŠã9æ30æ¥ã«éå¬ãã第äžåã®ããŒãã¯ã
ãã¢ã¡ãªã«ãåŒãèµ·ããã倩å®éäºä»¶ç·šãã§ãã
ïŒè©³ããã¯ããã¡ãããã芧ãã ããã
â»8æ31æ¥(ç«)ãŸã§ã®æééå®ã§ã
ãå
è¡è²©å£²ãè¡ã£ãŠããŸãã
ãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒ
件å: ã¢ã¡ãªã«ãåŒãèµ·ããã倩éäºä»¶
æ¥ä»: 2021幎8æ29æ¥
ãã¡ãã®ç¹å¥ãããªã¯ã
ãã§ã«ã芧ã«ãªãããŸããïŒ
å €æªæã®ãªã³ã©ã€ã³å¡Ÿ
https://in.tsutsumimika.jp/ttcc1_live_6600
8æ31æ¥ãŸã§ã®éå®å
¬éãªã®ã§ã
ä»ã®ãã¡ã«ã芧ãã ãã....
ïŒãèŠèŽã¯ããã¡ããã
å €æªæã®ãªã³ã©ã€ã³å¡Ÿ
https://in.tsutsumimika.jp/ttcc1_live_6600
ïŒããïŒããïŒããïŒããïŒããïŒ
1989幎6æ4æ¥æ©æ...
äžåœå
񇜆
æ¿åºã¯ã
倩å®éåºå Žã«æŠè»ãšå
µå£«ãéã蟌ãã ã
æ¿åºã¯è»ã«å¯ŸããŠ
ãã©ããªæ段ã䜿ã£ãŠãã
åºå ŽããåŠçãã¡ãæé€ããããåœããŠããã
äºæ
ã¯ç¿æ¥ã®æãŸã§ç¶ã
æµè¡ã®æšäºãšãªã£ã...
æ°åã®å
µå£«ã矀è¡ã«çºç ²ãã
æ»å·è
æ°ã¯æ°çŸäººã«ã®ãŒã£ãã
ã ããæ£ç¢ºãªç ç²è
æ°ã¯ã
çŸåšãåãã£ãŠããªãã
ãã®å€©å®éäºä»¶ã«ããããŠã
æ¥æ¬ã®ã¡ãã£ã¢ã§ã¯ã
æ°äž»äž»çŸ©ãšèªç±ãæ±ããåŠçãš
äžåœå
񇜆
ãšã®è¡çªãšå ±ããŠããŸããããã
å®ã¯å€©å®éäºä»¶ãšã¯ã
ã¢ã¡ãªã«ãåŒãèµ·ããããã®ã ã£ãã®ã§ãã
ãªããã¢ã¡ãªã«ã¯å€©å®éäºä»¶ãåŒãèµ·ãããã®ãâŠ
ã¢ã¡ãªã«ãåŠçãã¡ãæ¯æŽããã«ã©ã¯ãªãšã¯...
倩å®éäºä»¶ã«é ããã巚倧ãªå©æš©ãšã¯äœã...
ãªã©ã«ã€ããŠã解説ããã®ã
å €æªæã®ã©ã€ãã»ãããŒ
ãã¢ã¡ãªã«ãè²ãŠãäžåœå
񇜆
ã®çå®
ãããéãšäººäºã§èªã¿è§£ãç±³äžæŠäºã
ã¢ã¡ãªã«ãåŒãèµ·ããã倩å®éäºä»¶ç·šã§ãã
ãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒ
件å: [ææ¥ã]äžåœã®é©åœå®¶ãæ¯æŽããé»å¹
æ¥ä»: 2021幎8æ30æ¥
ããã®åœã®æªæ¥ã¯ã
ãåãã¡ã®æã®äžã«ããã
ãéŠæž¯ã®æªæ¥ãã
ãäžåœæ¬åã®ãããªçžæ
䞻矩ãš
ãè
æã«æãŸãããŠã¯ãªããªããç«ã¡äžããããã
2014幎ïŒãžã§ã·ã¥ã¢ã»ãŠã©ã³ã¯ã
Facebookã§ãéŠæž¯ã®è¥è
ã«ããåŒã³ããã...
ãã®åŒã³ãããäžå¿ãšãªã
éŠæž¯ã§ã¯ãéŠæž¯è¡æ¿é·å®éžæå¶åºŠæ¹é©ããžã®
åçºããæè°ãã¢ãéšåé©åœããè¡ãããã
éšåé©åœã®äžå¿æ žã§ãã
åŠççµç¹ãåŠæ°æ朮ãã®ä»£è¡šã
åœæïŒ17æ³ã®ãžã§ã·ã¥ã¢ã»ãŠã©ã³ã ã£ãã
ãããããã®é©åœã®è£ã«ã¯
ãã倧åœã®ææãé ãããŠããããã
äžäœãããã¯ãªãã ã£ãã®ã ãããã
åœéãžã£ãŒããªã¹ãã®å €æªææ°ã¯ã
ãã®ãéšåé©åœãã¯ã
ã¡ã€ãã»ã€ã³ã»ã¢ã¡ãªã«ã ãšããã
å®ã¯ãã¢ã¡ãªã«åœåçãéŠæž¯ã®æŽ»å家ãã¡ã«
è³éãæäŸããäºå®ãæããã«ãªã£ãŠããã
ãŸãããéšåé©åœãã®è¥ãããŒããŒ
ãžã§ã·ã¥ã¢ã»ãŠã©ã³ã
ãã¢ãžã®åå ãåŒã³ããã
Facebookãµã€ããç«ã¡äžããéãã
NGOïŒéæ¿åºçµç¹ïŒãéããŠã
è³éæäŸãããŠããã®ã¯ãã¢ã¡ãªã«åœåçã ã£ãã
ãªããã¢ã¡ãªã«ã¯æŽ»å家ã«
è³éæäŸãè¡ã£ãã®ãããã
å°æ¿åŠã¢ããªã¹ãã®
ãããŒã»ã«ã¿ã«ããæ°ã¯ããã䞻匵ããã
ããã®åœæãç¿è¿å¹³æ¿æš©ã¯ãåœééèã®äžå¿ã
ãã¢ã¡ãªã«ããäžåœã«ç§»ãããšããŠãããã
äºå®ããéšåé©åœããèµ·ããç¿æ10æ24æ¥ã
äžåœæ¿åºã¯å京ã§ã®APECéŠè³äŒè°ãåã«ã
èªåœçããã¢ãžã¢ã€ã³ãã©æè³éè¡ïŒïŒ¡ïŒ©ïŒ©ïŒ¢ïŒã®
èŠæžã亀ããäºå®ã§ããã
ããããç¿è¿å¹³æ¿æš©ã®ææãšã¯è£è
¹ã«
ãéšåé©åœãã«ããã
ã¢ãžã¢ã€ã³ãã©æè³éè¡ïŒïŒ¡ïŒ©ïŒ©ïŒ¢ïŒãžã®
åå ãèããåœã
ã«ããã€ãã¹ææãäžããããšã«ãªã£ãã
ãªããªããéèã®äžå¿å°ããéšåé©åœãã«ãã
ãã¢ãé »çºãããããªæ¿æ²»çã«å®å®ããªã
å°åã ãšèšãã€ã¡ãŒãžãã€ããããã§ããã
ã€ãŸãããéšåé©åœããšã¯ããã
åœééèã®äžå¿ãã¢ã¡ãªã«ãã奪ããã
ç¿è¿å¹³æ¿æš©ã«å¯Ÿæãã¹ã
ã¢ã¡ãªã«ã掻å家ãæ¯æŽãã
ãããé»å®³ããããã®ãã®ã ã£ãã
ãããã ã£ãã§ãããã....
ãã®ãããªäºå®ããã¹ã³ãã§å ±éãããããšã¯
ã»ãšãã©ãããŸããâŠ
å €æªæãããåæããããããªäººã¯
æ¥æ¬äººã®æ
å ±ã®åãæ¢ãæ¹ã«ã€ããŠ
ãããã£ããšèšããŸãã
ãããªããã¡æ¥æ¬äººã¯äœãåãã£ãŠããªãã
ã西åŽã®ãã¹ã³ãããèŠãªãããã§ãã
第äºæ¬¡äžç倧æŠã§æããŠãã
70幎以äžãã¢ã¡ãªã«ã®è»äºæ¯é
äžã§
æ®ãããŠããç§ãã¡ã¯ã
ãã¹ã³ãã欧米ã«éœåã®è¯ãæ
å ±ã°ããã
æµããŠãããšãç¥ããã
éµåã¿ã«ããŠããæ§é ãããããã§ãâŠ
ãã®èåŸã«ã¯ãŠã©ãŒã«è¡ã
欧米ã®è³æ¬å®¶ã®ææããããšãç¥ããããã
ããã§ãä»åå €æªæããã®
ãªã³ã©ã€ã³ã»ãããŒãå®æœããã«ããã£ãŠ
åãäžããããšã«ããã®ã
ã倩å®éäºä»¶ãã§ãã
å®ã¯ã倩å®éäºä»¶ããŸãã
ãã¢ã¡ãªã«ãã«ãã£ãŠä»æããããŠãã
ãã®ã ã£ãã®ã§ãã
ãªããã¢ã¡ãªã«ã¯å€©å®éäºä»¶ãåŒãèµ·ãããã®ãâŠ
ã¢ã¡ãªã«ãåæ¿åºåŠçãã¡ãæ¯æŽããã«ã©ã¯ãªãšã¯...
倩å®éäºä»¶ã«é ããã巚倧ãªå©æš©ãšã¯äœã...
ãªã©å€©å®éäºä»¶ãäžå¿ã«
ä»æ¥ã®äžåœå
񇜆
ã«
ããã«ã¢ã¡ãªã«ãé¢äžããŠããã®ãã解説ããŸãã
å €æªææ°ãæ¬æããæŽå²åŠè
ã®
ãã¯ãŒãã»ãžã³ææã¯ã
ãã€ãŠããèšããŸããã
ãæŽå²ãçŽè§£ãã
ãèªåã®é ã§ãã®ãèããäžçãèŠãªããã
ã€ãŸããä»æ¥ã®äžçã®æµããèªã¿è§£ãã«ã¯ã
æ£ããæŽå²ãç¥ãããšã倧åã§ãã
倩å®éäºä»¶ãšããäžåœã®æŽå²ç転æç¹ã
æ£ããèªã¿è§£ãããšã§ã
ä»æ¥ã®äžçã®æµãããã
ã¯ãªã¢ã«èŠããããšã§ãããã
ä»åã®ã©ã€ãã»ãããŒã§ã¯ã
QAã³ãŒããŒãèšããŠããŸãã
è¬çŸ©äžã«çåã«æãããããšãã
ãã£ãšè©³ãã解説ããŠæ¬²ããç¹ãªã©ã
çŽæ¥ã質åããã ããŸãã
æ®æ®µã®æåã¢ã³ããŒã¯ãŒã«ãã«ã¯ãªãã
ã©ã€ãã»ãããŒãªãã§ã¯ã®æéãšãªã£ãŠããŸãã
ãŸããå°é家ã®ã¹ãã·ã£ã«ã²ã¹ãããåŒã³ããŠã
ä»ã§ã¯èããªããã£ãŒããªè¬çŸ©ããå±ãããŸãã®ã§ã
ãã²ã©ã€ãã»ãããŒã«ãåå ãã ããã
ãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒ
å匷ã«ãªããŸãã, 2021/4/23
By äŒå·æµ©ç
å €ããã倧å€ææ矩ãªè¬åº§ãæäŸããŠããã ãããããšãããããŸããå €ããã®è¬æŒã®WHOã®çå®ãå匷ã«ãªããŸããããŸãã倧æ©å
çã®è¬æŒã質ååçãããåããŸããã倧æ©å
çèæžãPCRã¯ãRNAãŠã€ã«ã¹ã®æ€æ»ã«äœ¿ã£ãŠã¯ãªããªãããå匷äžã§ãããç§åŠã®çŽ 人ã«ã¯ãããã«ããããšããµã£ãšèªã¿é£ã°ããŠããŸãããšãå
çã®èšèã§ããããŸãããäŸãã°ç
åäœãšããŠã®ãŠã€ã«ã¹ã®åå®ãšéºäŒåã®åå®ã¯å¥æ¬¡å
ã®ããšã§ããããšã確èªã§ããŸããã倧æ©å
çã®YouTubeã®ãåŠã³ã©ãŠã³ãžããæè¿ç¥ã£ãŠããŸã«èŠãŸãããæšå¹Ž4æããæ¯é±ã®ããã«ã¢ããããŠããããã§ç©åãéããããªããªãè¿œãã€ããŸãããæ¯å1äžæ°å人èŠæš¡ã®èŠèŽã«çãŸã£ãŠããŠããã£ãšæ¥æ¬äººã«åºãããšãããšæããŸãããªãããã³ãããã³ãããã¯ã¯ãæ¬åœãïŒïŒã³ããéšåã®ççžãæ¢ãïŒãSã»ãã¯ãã£ïŒKã»ã©ã€ã¹ïŒèïŒããå§ãã§ãã倧æ©å
çãç£ä¿®ã»è£è¶³åãæžããŠããŸãã質åã³ãŒããŒã§ãã䞻人ã®å·ç°éŸå¹³è°å¡ã«ããã®æ
å ±ããäŒããã ããããšæžããã®ã¯ç§ã§ããæ¯éãåœäŒè°å¡ã«ããã®æ
å ±ãåºããŠãã ããã壮倧ãªãèæ§ã§ããã°ãã°ãããç·æ¥äºæ
宣èšãªã©ã¶ã£é£ã°ãïŒïŒ
â»ã客æ§å人ã®ææ³ã§ãããææãæåãä¿èšŒãããã®ã§ã¯ãããŸããã
ã¬ãã¥ãŒãè©äŸ¡ããŠãã ãã
ãã®ã¬ãã¥ãŒã¯åèã«ãªããŸãããïŒ ã¯ã ããã
4 人äžã4人ã®æ¹ãããã®ã¬ãã¥ãŒãåèã«ãªã£ããšæ祚ããŠããŸãã
å €æªæãªã³ã©ã€ã³å¡ŸWHOç·š, 2021/4/18
By Yokko
ãšãŠãåãããããã£ãã§ããè¯ãçµç¹ã ãšæã£ãŠããWHOã®å®æ
ãåããæç¶ãšããŸããã
ãã¬ãã§éº»çå¯ç·çããWHOã ã£ãŠèšã£ãŠãããããªãããã£ãŠçããŠããå Žé¢ããããŸãããä»ãŸã§ã®ç§ãªããã®ãŸãŸèããŠãããšæããŸããããã®å¡Ÿã«åå ãããŠããã¯ã©ã®ãããªç«å Žãããã®äººã¯çºèšããŠããã®ããèããããã«ãªããŸãããç¹ãšç¹ãã€ãªããŠæŽå²ãèŠãŠãã倧äºããç¥ããŸãããããå°ãäž»äœçã«çããŠãããããšæããŸããã
â»ã客æ§å人ã®ææ³ã§ãããææãæåãä¿èšŒãããã®ã§ã¯ãããŸããã
ã¬ãã¥ãŒãè©äŸ¡ããŠãã ãã
ãã®ã¬ãã¥ãŒã¯åèã«ãªããŸãããïŒ ã¯ã ããã
3 人äžã3人ã®æ¹ãããã®ã¬ãã¥ãŒãåèã«ãªã£ããšæ祚ããŠããŸãã
ææ³ã§ã, 2021/4/18
By 笹å·å倧
貎éãªã話ããããšãããããŸããã
話ã®ããŒããšã¯é¢ä¿ãããŸããããç解ãæ·±ããããã«å€§æ©å çãèªåã®æã§çŽã«çµµãæžããŠã¿ããšããã話ã¯èå³æ·±ãã£ãã§ãã
å匷ã«ãªã話ã倧åã§ããããæ¢ããŠããã¯éãã®ã§ã¯ãšæããç¹ãæããŸãã
æ°åã³ãã察çã§åœå®¶äºç®ãè«å€§ãªé¡ã«ãªãäºãåé¡èŠãããŠãããããªçºèšããããŸããããç¹å®ã®èª°ãã®å©çã®çºã«ãããããªæ¿çã§ãªããã°ãæ¿åºã®è² åµããªãã¡åãªã貚幣ã®çºè¡ã¯ã財ããµãŒãã¹ã®äŸçµŠãèš±ãéããã³ãã³ããã¹ãã§ã¯ïŒ
ãŸããä»åæŸããããªãã£ã質åããåŸæ¥ããã¯ã¢ããããŠåçããŠããã ãããšæãé£ãã§ãã
â»ã客æ§å人ã®ææ³ã§ãããææãæåãä¿èšŒãããã®ã§ã¯ãããŸããã
ã¬ãã¥ãŒãè©äŸ¡ããŠãã ãã
ãã®ã¬ãã¥ãŒã¯åèã«ãªããŸãããïŒ ã¯ã ããã
4 人äžã3人ã®æ¹ãããã®ã¬ãã¥ãŒãåèã«ãªã£ããšæ祚ããŠããŸãã
å €æªæã®ãªã³ã©ã€ã³å¡ŸïŒç¬¬äžåïŒWHOç·š, 2021/4/18
By é«ç°æ©è
ææ³
åŸåããã®æèŽã§ãã
PCRæ€æ»ã®ç²ŸåºŠã¯ãçŽååçšåºŠããããšã®ããšã
æ°åã³ãããŠã€ã«ã¹ã®ååšã®æ€æ»ã«ã¯äžé©åœãšãã話ããããŸãã
WHOãªã©ã¯ãPCRæ€æ»ã§ã®éœæ§ãææè
ãšããŠããã
ã©ããç§åŠçã«ã¯äžé©åœããããšæããŸããã
察çã«ã¯ãã¯ã¯ãã³ãå¿
èŠãšã®ããšã
ã¯ã¯ãã³éçºäŒç€ŸãšWHOãªã©ãšã®é¢ä¿ãæ°ã«ãªããŸããã
ä»åŸãšãæ
å ±ãªã©ããããããé¡ãããããŸãã
以äž
â»ã客æ§å人ã®ææ³ã§ãããææãæåãä¿èšŒãããã®ã§ã¯ãããŸããã
ã¬ãã¥ãŒãè©äŸ¡ããŠãã ãã
ãã®ã¬ãã¥ãŒã¯åèã«ãªããŸãããïŒ ã¯ã ããã
4 人äžã4人ã®æ¹ãããã®ã¬ãã¥ãŒãåèã«ãªã£ããšæ祚ããŠããŸãã
PCRæ€æ»ã®æå³, 2021/4/17
By ããã
ããŒãã«åè³è
ã®éçºè
èªèº«ãããç
æ°ã®èšºæã«ã¯äœ¿ããªããããã«èšã£ãŠïŒãã®ããã«æ©ãæ»ãè¿ããïŒïŒããçç±ãè¯ãããããŸããã倧æ©å
çã®ææžãã®ã€ã©ã¹ãã§ãæ¬è³ªçãªç解ãæ·±ããããšãåºæ¥ãŸãããå €å
çã®çŒå
ã¯ãã€ãéããŠãæ¬æããŸããããã«ããŠããéšãç«ãŠãŠå€§è¡ãæããã¹ã¡ãã£ã¢ã¯ã誰ã«æãããŠããã®ã§ããããïŒ
â»ã客æ§å人ã®ææ³ã§ãããææãæåãä¿èšŒãããã®ã§ã¯ãããŸããã
ã¬ãã¥ãŒãè©äŸ¡ããŠãã ãã
ãã®ã¬ãã¥ãŒã¯åèã«ãªããŸãããïŒ ã¯ã ããã
2 人äžã2人ã®æ¹ãããã®ã¬ãã¥ãŒãåèã«ãªã£ããšæ祚ããŠããŸãã
ç®ãèŠããæã, 2021/4/17
By 枡蟺æ¯åŸ
èã
ã¿ããªæããŠããéåæããºãããšèšã£ãŠããã人ãåŸ
ã£ãŠããã®ã ãšæããŸããã§ããã®ãªã¹ã¯ã倧ããã®ã¯å€ããŸãã
â»ã客æ§å人ã®ææ³ã§ãããææãæåãä¿èšŒãããã®ã§ã¯ãããŸããã
ã¬ãã¥ãŒãè©äŸ¡ããŠãã ãã
ãã®ã¬ãã¥ãŒã¯åèã«ãªããŸãããïŒ ã¯ã ããã
4 人äžã4人ã®æ¹ãããã®ã¬ãã¥ãŒãåèã«ãªã£ããšæ祚ããŠããŸãã
WHOç·šã倧æ©åèªææ, 2021/4/16
By ãã€ãªã¬ãŸãã³ã¹
ã®è²¡æºããã³ãããã¯å®£èšã«è³ãçµéãªã©ãéèŠãªäºå®ãç解ããããšã
ã§ããŸããã
倧æ©åèªææã¯ããŠã€ã«ã¹ãåé¢å¹é€ã§ããªãéããŠã€ã«ã¹ã®éºäŒåãç¹å®ã§ã
ãªãã¯ãã ãšè§£èª¬ãããŠããŸãããéåžžã¯ããã ãšæããŸããããã®ãŠã€ã«ã¹ã¯ã
ãã£ã±ã人工çã«äœããããã®ã ãšèªèãããŠãããã¯ããããéºäŒåæ§é ãææ¡
ã§ããŠããããã«ãæ€æ»ãã¯ã¯ãã³ã®éçºã容æã§ãã£ããšèããã®ã劥åœ
ã ãšæããŸãã
èšåºçŸå Žã§ãããã®ååšãç
åã¯ïŒïŒ°ïŒ£ïŒ²ãåèã«ããªããïŒç¹åŸŽçãªçç¶çµéã
æ€æ»çµæçã確èªãããŠããŸããéæ
ã«å·§åŠã«äœãããç
åèãšæããŠããŸãã
â»ã客æ§å人ã®ææ³ã§ãããææãæåãä¿èšŒãããã®ã§ã¯ãããŸããã
ã¬ãã¥ãŒãè©äŸ¡ããŠãã ãã
ãã®ã¬ãã¥ãŒã¯åèã«ãªããŸãããïŒ ã¯ã ããã
4 人äžã4人ã®æ¹ãããã®ã¬ãã¥ãŒãåèã«ãªã£ããšæ祚ããŠããŸãã
ææ³, 2021/4/16
By ãŸããããã
å €å
çã倧æ©çå
çãåŒãã§ãã ãã£ãããšã«æè¬ç³ãäžããŸãã倧æ©çã¯ãäŸç§åŠè
ã§ãã倧æ©çå
çãšå €æªæå
çãã€ãªããäžã®äžã®åžæã®å
ã«ãªã£ãŠãã£ãŠãã ãããäžçªèžã«çªãåºãã£ãã®ã¯ãå €æªæå
çããã£ããã£ãã人å£åæžèšç»ãšãããã©ããã©ãããããšã¯èšããªãã§ãæ¿æ²»å®¶ã«èª¿ã¹ãŠãããããã«èšŽããããšãã§ãããå匷ã«ãªããŸããã
â»ã客æ§å人ã®ææ³ã§ãããææãæåãä¿èšŒãããã®ã§ã¯ãããŸããã
ã¬ãã¥ãŒãè©äŸ¡ããŠãã ãã
ãã®ã¬ãã¥ãŒã¯åèã«ãªããŸãããïŒ ã¯ã ããã
4 人äžã4人ã®æ¹ãããã®ã¬ãã¥ãŒãåèã«ãªã£ããšæ祚ããŠããŸãã
è¡æçãªè©±ã§ããã, 2021/4/16
By å¿ååžæ
å €ããã®WHOã«ã€ããŠã®è©±ã¯ããšãŠãåãããããçŽåŸã§ããŸããããããŸã§æççã«ãããæ
å ±ã§ããŠãããã®ãããã£ãšã²ãšã€ãªããã«ãªã£ãã®ãæããŸããã
åœéæ©é¢ã¯ã©ããããéãåŸãŠãéå¶ããŠããã®ãã®è©±ãæŽå²ã¯ç¹°ãè¿ããšããããšã§ãè±ã€ã³ãã«ãšã³ã¶ã®è©±ãããå°è±¡ã«æ®ããŸããŠãç¥äººå人ã«ã話ãããã§ãã
æ²»çè¬ãåºæ¥ãŠããŸã£ãŠã¯ãã¯ã¯ãã³æ¥çš®ãããããããªããªããããäœãäœã§ãæ¿èªããããªããšãã話ãçŽåŸã§ããŸããã
ã¢ããªã«ã«ã€ããŠã®è©±ãèå³æ·±ãã£ãã§ãã
倧æ©å
çã®ã話ã¯ãæ£çŽç§ã«ã¯é£ãããŠãç解ããããŸããã§ããã
貎éãªã話ãšæããŸããããããä»äžã®äžã§èšãããŠããããšãšããŸãã«ãéããšããããšãããã®ã§ããã£ãšãã£ããã話èããŠã質åã«ãçããŠããã£ãŠãšããæ©äŒãããã°ãšæããŸããã
PCRæ€æ»ã®éçã»åé¡ç¹ã®è©±ãšãä»ãŸã§ãšã¯éãã¬ãã«ã®çç¶ã®äººã®ããšãã©ãèããããšããããšã¯ãå¥ã®åé¡ãªã®ãããããããããŸã§å€§æ©å
çã«çãããããã®ã¯ç¡çãããããªããšãæããŸããããäœããã®åœ¢ã§ç¶ç¶ããŠåãäžããŠãã£ãŠã»ãããšæããŸããã
â»ã客æ§å人ã®ææ³ã§ãããææãæåãä¿èšŒãããã®ã§ã¯ãããŸããã
ã¬ãã¥ãŒãè©äŸ¡ããŠãã ãã
ãã®ã¬ãã¥ãŒã¯åèã«ãªããŸãããïŒ ã¯ã ããã
4 人äžã4人ã®æ¹ãããã®ã¬ãã¥ãŒãåèã«ãªã£ããšæ祚ããŠããŸãã
äºæ³ä»¥äžã§ãã, 2021/4/16
By tachan
èªåã§éããæ
å ±ããã¯ã¯ãã³ãæããã®ã§ããããšãåããæããªããšå€æããŠã¯å±
ãŸãããå
·äœçã«ã©ãèãããè¯ããæããŠé ããæ°æã¡ã§ãã
ã¯ã¯ãã³ã®å¯åå¿ãæããããšèããŠããŠãè¿·ã£ãŠãã芪æã«äŒããŠãããããšæããŸãã
èªèº«ãã©ãããããããšæããªãããäžæ¥äœåºŠãææŽããæ¶æ¯ããã¹ã¯ããäœåŠãã«ãŠã€ã«ã¹ãã€ããŠãããããšçå¿æ鬌ã«ãªãèŸãã£ãã§ããã話ãèããŠä»æ¥ã¯éãæ°æã¡ã§éãããŸããã
æŒ ç¶ãšWHOãä¿¡ããŠããç§ãçµç¹ã¯äººãšãéã§å€ãã£ãŠããŸãã®ã§ããã
èœã¡çããŠå°ãã§ãåãã®äººã
ã«å°ãã¥ã€ã§ãäŒããŠè¡ããããšæããŸãããããããšãããããŸãã
â»ã客æ§å人ã®ææ³ã§ãããææãæåãä¿èšŒãããã®ã§ã¯ãããŸããã
ã¬ãã¥ãŒãè©äŸ¡ããŠãã ãã
ãã®ã¬ãã¥ãŒã¯åèã«ãªããŸãããïŒ ã¯ã ããã
3 人äžã3人ã®æ¹ãããã®ã¬ãã¥ãŒãåèã«ãªã£ããšæ祚ããŠããŸãã
ææ³ã§ã, 2021/4/16
By ããã
éåžžã«é©ããããå
容ã§ããããã£ããäœãä¿¡ããããšãã§ããã®ãããŸãäœãä¿¡ããŠç掻ããã°ééããªãã®ããèããããããå
容ã§ãããç§ã¯é«éœ¢è
ã§æ¢ã«ã¯ã¯ãã³ã®äºçŽåžãé
åžããå±éºãããããšãæ¿ç¥ã§ãåšãã«è¿·æããããªãããã«é çªãæ¥ãããã£ããšåããããšæã£ãŠãŸããããä»ã©ãããããéåžžã«è¿·ã£ãŠãŸãã貎éãªãªã³ã©ã€ã³å¡ŸãããããšãããããŸãããé²ç»æ åããåŸ
ã¡ããŠãããŸãã
â»ã客æ§å人ã®ææ³ã§ãããææãæåãä¿èšŒãããã®ã§ã¯ãããŸããã
ã¬ãã¥ãŒãè©äŸ¡ããŠãã ãã
ãã®ã¬ãã¥ãŒã¯åèã«ãªããŸãããïŒ ã¯ã ããã
4 人äžã4人ã®æ¹ãããã®ã¬ãã¥ãŒãåèã«ãªã£ããšæ祚ããŠããŸãã
ãã¡æ©ãã³ããè³ããè±åŽãïŒ, 2021/4/16
By yamaãã
倧æ©å
çã®è§£èª¬ããšãŠãããããããã£ãã§ãã
æéãèš±ãã°ããã£ãšæ·±ããé æ
®ãªãã話ãããã ããã°ããªãè¯ãã£ããšæããŸããã
ããããPCRæ€æ»ã䜿ãã®ãåé¡ã§ãããæ¥æ¬ã§é©çšããPCRæ€æ»ã®Ctå€ãäžççã«èŠãŠå€§å€é«ãããšããããŠæ°åã³ããã2é¡ææççžåœãšãããŠããç¹ãåã蟌ãã§ããã ãããã£ãã§ãã
ãã£ãšãã話ãæèŽãããã£ãã§ãã
â»ã客æ§å人ã®ææ³ã§ãããææãæåãä¿èšŒãããã®ã§ã¯ãããŸããã
ã¬ãã¥ãŒãè©äŸ¡ããŠãã ãã
ãã®ã¬ãã¥ãŒã¯åèã«ãªããŸãããïŒ ã¯ã ããã
4 人äžã4人ã®æ¹ãããã®ã¬ãã¥ãŒãåèã«ãªã£ããšæ祚ããŠããŸãã
æ°åã³ãããŠã£ã«ã¹ã¯èåïŒ, 2021/4/16
By å¿ååžæ
æ°åã³ãããŠã£ã«ã¹ã®å®åšã¯æªã ç§åŠçã«ç«èšŒãããŠããªããšãã話ã«è³ãçããŸããã
ããããå·éã«èããŠã¿ããšãææè
æ°ãæ»äº¡è
æ°ãPCRæ€æ»ãã¯ã¯ãã³ãªã©ã®è©±é¡ãåžå·»ãããã®ã®ãããããæ°åã³ãããŠã£ã«ã¹ã®æ£äœã ïŒããšãã話ã¯è³ã«ããŸãããæªç¢ºèªç
åäœCOVID19ã£ãŠ
æªç¢ºèªé£è¡ç©äœUFOã¿ããã«æããŠããŸããäžé£ã®COVID19éšåã¯è¶çªãããããŸãããè¡æã§ããã
â»ã客æ§å人ã®ææ³ã§ãããææãæåãä¿èšŒãããã®ã§ã¯ãããŸããã
ã¬ãã¥ãŒãè©äŸ¡ããŠãã ãã
ãã®ã¬ãã¥ãŒã¯åèã«ãªããŸãããïŒ ã¯ã ããã
2 人äžã2人ã®æ¹ãããã®ã¬ãã¥ãŒãåèã«ãªã£ããšæ祚ããŠããŸãã
å €æªæã®ãªã³ã©ã€ã³å¡Ÿã第1åWHOç·š, 2021/4/16
By hiromint
ãšãŠã詳ãã綿å¯ã«æãäžãããã貎éãªè§£èª¬ãé ãæé£ãããããŸãããããããå
šåœæ°ãå
šäžçãä»ããç¥ããç«ã¡åããã¹ãå
容ã§ãããèªåéã®èãéããŠäžãããŸããã
â»ã客æ§å人ã®ææ³ã§ãããææãæåãä¿èšŒãããã®ã§ã¯ãããŸããã
ã¬ãã¥ãŒãè©äŸ¡ããŠãã ãã
ãã®ã¬ãã¥ãŒã¯åèã«ãªããŸãããïŒ ã¯ã ããã
4 人äžã4人ã®æ¹ãããã®ã¬ãã¥ãŒãåèã«ãªã£ããšæ祚ããŠããŸãã
ã³ãããŠã€ã«ã¹éå®åšè«, 2021/4/16
By ããã¹ã
ã²ã¹ãã®å
çã«ããã話ã®äžã§ã
æŠæŒ¢ã³ãããŠã€ã«ã¹ãå®åšããããšã瀺ããè«æã¯äžã€ããªã
ãšãã話ãè¡æãããã
ãããŸã§ã®éšåã¯äœã ã£ãã®ã ããããšæã£ãã
ãªããå
çã«ããPCRã®èª¬æã¯ç°¡ç¥ãªã®ã§ã
æè¡å
容ãããç¥ããªã人ã¯ãããç°¡åãªãã®ã§è¯ãã®ã§ã
ããããªã©ã§è§£èª¬ãèªãã§ç¥èãå
¥ããŠãããæ¹ã話ã«ã€ããŠããããšæãã
ã¡ãªã¿ã«ãç 究宀æ代ã«PCRã䜿ã£ãããšãããæã身ãšããŠã¯ã
PCRãšããæè¡ãã®ãã®ãæªãããã§ã¯ãªãã
æ¬æ¥ããšã©ãŒãçããããšãåæã®æè¡ãªã®ã«ããããè£æ£ããã
ç¡æ¹å€ã«èšºæã§çšããŠããããšãæªãã®ã ãšãåŒè·ããŠãããã
ãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒ
ãããã®èšäºãèªããšãã¢ã¡ãªã«ã® CIAãNED ã®æèºããã£ãŠãäžæè°ã§ã¯ãªããããããªãã»ã»ã»
ð
éŠæž¯ãã¢ãèåŸã«AIIBã®ç±³äžæéââå é äžç°ãšå šç±³æ°äž»äž»çŸ©åºéNED
é è€èªïŒäžåœåé¡ã°ããŒãã«ç 究ææé·ãç波倧åŠåèªææãçåŠå士
2015/3/30(æ) 7:51
æšå¹Žèµ·ãããéšåé©åœãã«ã¯è€æ°ã®æµããããããã®å
ã®å é äžç°ïŒãªãã¥ãã€ã»ã»ã³ãã©ã«ïŒéåã®èåŸã«ã¯ã¢ãžã¢ã€ã³ãã©æè³éè¡AIIBããããç±³äžã®æéããã£ãããã®åãã¬èšŒæ ïŒåç»ïŒãã玹ä»ããã
æšå¹Ž9ææ«ãéŠæž¯ç¹å¥è¡æ¿åºé·å®ã®æ°äž»çãªæ®ééžæãããã£ãŠãéŠæž¯ã®è¥è
ãã¡ãäžå¿ãšãªã£ãŠæè°éåãèµ·ããèŠå¯åŽã®å¬æ¶ã¹ãã¬ãŒæ»æãéšåã§é¿ãã姿ãããéšåé©åœããšåŒã°ããããã«ãªã£ãã
ãã®éšåé©åœã«é¢ããŠãçè
ã¯åŠçãã¡ã®ææ¥ãã€ã³ãããšããäžããèªäž»çã«ç«ã¡ããã£ãéåèŠçŽ ãšãå é äžç°ïŒãªãã¥ãã€ã»ã»ã³ãã©ã«ïŒéåã®éã«ã¯ã埮åŠãªæž©åºŠå·®ããããšã2014幎12æ8æ¥ä»æ¬ã³ã©ã ãéŠæž¯ãã¢åŠçãšãªãã¥ãã€æŽŸïŒå é äžç°ïŒãšã®æž©åºŠå·®ã ã§æžãããããã®èšŒæ ãèŠã€ããŠããŸã£ãã
äžç°ãšããã®ã¯éŠæž¯ã®éèè¡ãããè¡è·¯ã®ååã§ãå é äžç°ã¯ãéèè¡ãå æ ããããšããæå³ãæãã
ããã¯ïŒïŒïŒïŒå¹ŽïŒæ17æ¥ãã¢ã¡ãªã«ããã¥ãŒãšãŒã¯åžãã³ããã¿ã³åºã«ããéèè¡ãŠã©ãŒã«ã¹ããªãŒãã§èµ·ããããªãã¥ãã€ã»ãŠã©ãŒã«ã¹ããªãŒãïŒOccupy Wall StreetïŒãïŒéèè¡ãå æ ããïŒãšããæè°éåã®æµããåŒããã®ã ããã®ããšããçè
ã¯ãéŠæž¯ããªã±ãŒã ã» è¥è
ã¯ãªãç«ã¡äžãã£ãã®ãããå·çããæç¹ïŒæšå¹Žæ«ïŒã§ãããåç»ãèŠã€ããã®ã§ããã
ããã¯ãªãã¥ãã€ã»ã»ã³ãã©ã«éåã®çºèµ·äººã®äžäººã§ããéŠæž¯å€§åŠæ³åŸåŠç³»åææã»æŽèå»·ïŒ1964幎ïœïŒïŒãããŒã»ã¿ã€ïŒã®å
äžåžã»ææ±éãã¢ã¡ãªã«ã®å
šç±³æ°äž»äž»çŸ©åºéïŒNational Endowment for DemocracyïŒä»¥äžãNEDãšç¥ç§°ïŒã®å°åå¯çäºé·ã§ããã«ã€ãµã»ã°ã¬ãŒãïŒLouisa GreveïŒãšãšãã«ãªãã¥ãã€ã»ã»ã³ãã©ã«ã«é¢ããŠéããŠããããŒã¯ã·ã§ãŒã®åç»ã ã
ææ±éïŒ1938幎ïœïŒïŒããŒãã³ã»ãªãŒïŒã¯éŠæž¯ã®æ°äž»å
ã®åµèšè
ã§ããªãã¥ãã€ã»ã»ã³ãã©ã«éåã®çºèµ·äººã»æŽèå»·ã¯ããã€ãŠææ±éãçããæ°äž»å
æ¬éšã§ç§æžãšããŠåããŠãããéŠæž¯å€§åŠã®å
茩åŸèŒ©ã«ããã仲ã§ãããã
NEDã¯1982幎ã«ã¬ãŒã¬ã³æ¿æš©ã«ãããã¢ã¡ãªã«æ¿æ²»è²¡å£ãã®ç 究ã«ããææ¡ãšãã圢ã§èšç«ã決å®ãããçµç¹ã§ããããŸã§CIAïŒCentral Intelligence Agencyãã¢ã¡ãªã«äžå€®æ
å ±å±)ãéå
¬ç¶ã§ãã£ãŠããããšãå
¬ç¶ãšããç®çããã£ããã®ã§ããã
ã¢ã¡ãªã«åœåçããè³éãåãããã
ã»åœéå ±ååäŒ(International Republican InstituteïŒIRI)ãã»å šç±³æ°äž»åœéç 究é¢(National Democratic Institute for International AffairsïŒNDI)ãã»åœéæ°éäŒæ¥ã»ã³ã¿ãŒïŒCenter for International Private Enterprise ïŒCIPE)ãã»ç±³åœåœéåŽåé£åž¯ã»ã³ã¿ãŒ(American Center for International Labor Solidarity ïŒACILS) ã®ïŒã€ã®çµç¹ã®å ã®ãããããéããŠè³éãåé ããŠããã
NED ã¯æ¯å¹Žç±³åœå®¶äºç®ããè³éæäŸãåããŠããã
ãã®ãã¡ã«ã¯åœåçã®ç±³åœåœééçºå±(United States Agency for International DevelopmentïŒUSAID) åãã®äºç®ãå«ãŸããŠããããéæ¿åºçµç¹ã®æ±ããåããŠããã
2004幎9æã®äŒèšå¹ŽåºŠã«ããã NED ã®æ³å ¥ã¯8,010äžç±³ãã«ã§ããããã®ãã¡7,925äžç±³ãã«ãç±³åœæ¿åºéšå±ããã60äžç±³ãã«ãä»ã®å¯ä»åå ¥ãªã©ã§ãã£ãã
2014幎4æ2æ¥ãææ±éãšé³æ¹å®çïŒã¢ãžãœã³ã»ãã£ã³ïŒïŒéŠæž¯æ¿åºã®å
æ¿ååžåžé·ã女æ§ïŒã¯ã¯ã·ã³ãã³ã§NEDã®å°åçäºé·ã«ã€ãµã»ã°ã¬ãŒãïŒLouisa GreveïŒãšãšãã«ãïŒæéã«ãããããŒã¯ãè¡ã£ãŠããã
ããŒã¯ã®ã¿ã€ãã«ã¯Why Democracy in Hong Kong MattersïŒãªãéŠæž¯ã®æ°äž»äž»çŸ©ãéèŠãªã®ãïŒïŒã§ãããéŠæž¯åŽã®äºäººã¯ãNEDã«ãªãã¥ãã€ã»ã»ã³ãã©ã«éåã®æ§æ ŒãçããèŠæ±ãªã©ã説æããŠããã
ãã®ããŒã¯ã·ã§ãŒã§ãææ±éæ°ã¯ãäžåœæ¬åããéŠæž¯ã«ããšããšãã£ã欧米æµã®æ©æ§ãæ³åŸãããã¯æš©çã§æããããšããéŠæž¯ã®åœ¹å²ã ãšåŒ·èª¿ããŠããã
éŠæž¯åŽã®äºäººã¯ããäžåœãéŠæž¯ãã©ã®ããã«çµ±æ²»ããŠãããã«é¢ããŠãäžåœã¯äžçã®ç®ãæ°ã«ããŠããã®ã§ãããŸãªãã¥ãã€ã»ã»ã³ãã©ã«éåãå±éããããšã¯ãå京ããè²æ©ãåŒãåºããã£ã³ã¹ã«ãªãããšãã趣æšã®ããšãè¿°ã¹ãŠããã
ããã»ã©æ±ºå®çãªæ åã¯ãŸããšãªãã»ã©ã倧ããªè¡æãäžããããããåçç¡çšã ãããäžåœäžå€®ã¯ããã¹ãã€ã䜿ã£ãŠãããããããããéã§è²·ã£ããæµãã«ãäžåœã«æå©ãªçå®ããåããããšããææ³ãåãã®ã§çšå¿ããªããã°ãªããªããããããããè声ãšæ åãã¯ãåŠå®ã®ãããããªãã
ãã®åç»ãã¹ã¯ãŒãããã®ã¯ãLand DestroyerãšãããŠã§ããµã€ãã®ãããŒã»ã«ã«ã¿ã«ããïŒTony Cartalucci ïŒã§ããã®ã¹ã¯ãŒãæ åã®URLã¯http://landdestroyer.blogspot.jp/2014/10/entire-occupy-central-protest-scripted.htmlãã§ãå ¬éãããæ¥æã¯2014幎10æïŒæ¥ã§ããã
åé¡ã¯ããªãNEDããã®ãããªããšãããã®ããšããããšã ã
å®ã¯ã¢ãžã¢ã€ã³ãã©æè³éè¡ã®èŠæžã2014幎10æ24æ¥ã«ãå京ã§éå¬ãããAPECéŠè³äŒè«ãåã«äº€ããããããšããŠããã
ç¿è¿å¹³æ¿æš©ã¯åœééèã®ã»ã³ã¿ãŒãã¢ã¡ãªã«ïŒã¯ã·ã³ãã³ãšãã¥ãŒãšãŒã¯ïŒããäžåœïŒå京ãšäžæµ·ïŒã«ç§»ãããšã2013幎ããåããŠããã
ãããæ°äž»ãšèªç±ã®ãªããšããã«åœééèã»ã³ã¿ãŒã¯æç«ããªãããã®ããšãã¢ã¡ãªã«ã¯ãéŠæž¯ããšãããäžåœã®ç®¡èœäžã«ããåœééèéœåžã®çŸç¶ãã¢ããŒã«ããããšã«ãã£ãŠäžçã«èŠãã€ãããã£ãã®ã ããã
1997幎ã«éŠæž¯ãã€ã®ãªã¹ããäžåœã«è¿éãããŠä»¥æ¥ãéŠæž¯ã§ã¯æ°äž»ãšèªç±ãæ±ããŠäžåœäžå€®æ¿åºãžã®æè°éåã絶ããããšããªãã
äžåœäºå¶åºŠã§éŠæž¯ã®èªæ²»ãçŽæããªãããå®éã¯éŠæž¯ç¹å¥è¡æ¿åºåºæ¬æ³ã®æ¹æ£æš©ãšè§£éæš©ãå šäººä»£ïŒå šåœäººæ°ä»£è¡šå€§äŒïŒåžžåå§å¡äŒã«ãããšããæ³çäºå®ãè¡äœ¿ããŠãéŠæž¯ã®èªæ²»ã¯å¹Žã èãŸããŠããã
ãã®ããã«äžåœã®åã®ããšã«ããéããéŠæž¯ã§ããåœééèéœåžãšããŠã®æ©èœã倱ã£ãŠããŸãã®ã ãšããããšãç«èšŒããã¢ã¡ãªã«ãšããŠã¯äœãšããŠãAIIBãæåããã®ãé»æ¢ãããã£ããã®ãšæãããã
ææ¥3æ31æ¥ããã®AIIBåµèšåœã®ç³è«ç³ã蟌ã¿ã®æéãç· ãåããããçŸæç¹ã§40ã«åœãåå ããŠããããã ãG7ãæ§æãã西åŽè«žåœããã·ã¢ãéåœãé¥èœããŠããŸã£ãã
æ¥ç±³ã ãã¯ãŸã èžã¿æ¢ãŸã£ãŠãããéçšã®éææ§ãçç±ã«åå ãèŠåããŠãããã©ããŸã§é 匵ãããšãã§ããã®ããæ¥ç±³ã®ååã«ç®ãé¢ããªãã
ãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒ
ãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒ
éŠæž¯ãã¢ã¯ãã¹ãã£ã€ã«ãã®ãããã¯ãŒã¯ïŒãã¹ãã£ã€ã«ããïŒãããŒã«ã»ãŠã©ã«ãã©ãŠã£ãããïŒãææ±éïŒããŒãã³ã»ãªãŒïŒïŒçã«ãããã®ã ã£ãã
äžçã®éèè¡ããã¥ãŒãšãŒã¯ããäžåœãžãšç§»è¡ãããããšäŒãŠãŠããç¿è¿å¹³æ¿æš©ã«å¯Ÿãã1997幎ã®éŠæž¯è¿é以éãæ°äž»åãèªç±ãæ±ããŠäžåœæ¿åºãžã®æè°éåã絶ããªãã£ãéŠæž¯ãå©çšããŠããã®åããæ¢ããããšãã¢ãéè¡ããããã ããã®èšŒæ ãšãªãåç»ãããã
âãâãâãâãâãâãâãâãâãâãâãâãâãâãâ
éŠæž¯å€§åŠã®æŽèå»·ïŒãããŒã»ã¿ã€ïŒå¯ææãçºæ¡ãé³æ¥åïŒãžã§ã»ãã»ãŒã³ïŒãææ±éïŒããŒãã³ã»ãªãŒïŒãé»æºè±ïŒãžããŒã»ã©ã€ïŒãçããããªãã¥ãã€ã»ã»ã³ãã©ã«ïŒ佔é äžç°ïŒãéåã«ã¯äœè¥èïŒãªãŒããªãŒã»ãŠãŒïŒãé³æ¹å®çïŒã¢ã³ãœã³ã»ãã£ã³ïŒãæ·±ãé¢äžãããããNEDãšæ·±ãçµã³ã€ããŠãããé»æºè±ã¯ããªã³ã³ã®å€§ç©ãããŒã«ã»ãŠã©ã«ãã©ãŠã£ãããšãã€ãªãã£ãŠããã
ïŒæ«»äºãžã£ãŒãã«ãªã³ã¯ããïŒ
https://plaza.rakuten.co.jp/condor33/diary/201410090000/
éŠæž¯å€§åŠã®æŽèå»·ïŒãããŒã»ã¿ã€ïŒå¯ææãçºæ¡ãé³æ¥åïŒãžã§ã»ãã»ãŒã³ïŒãææ±éïŒããŒãã³ã»ãªãŒïŒãé»æºè±ïŒãžããŒã»ã©ã€ïŒãçããããªãã¥ãã€ã»ã»ã³ãã©ã«ïŒäœé äžç°ïŒãéåã«ã¯äœè¥èïŒãªãŒããªãŒã»ãŠãŒïŒãé³æ¹å®çïŒã¢ã³ãœã³ã»ãã£ã³ïŒãæ·±ãé¢äžãããããNEDãšæ·±ãçµã³ã€ããŠãããé»æºè±ã¯ããªã³ã³ã®å€§ç©ãããŒã«ã»ãŠã©ã«ãã©ãŠã£ãããšãã€ãªãã£ãŠããã
ããã®NEDãšã¯1983幎ã«ã¢ã¡ãªã«è°äŒãæ¿èªãããæ°äž»äž»çŸ©ã®ããã®åœå®¶åºéæ³ãã«åºã¥ããŠåµèšãããçµç¹ãæ¿åºããåãåã£ãå ¬çãªè³éãNDIïŒåœå®¶æ°äž»åœéåé¡ç 究æïŒãIRIïŒåœéå ±åç 究æïŒãCIPEïŒåœéç§äŒæ¥ã»ã³ã¿ãŒïŒãåœéåŽåé£åž¯ã¢ã¡ãªã«ã³ã»ã»ã³ã¿ãŒãžæµããŠããã®ã ãããããã©ã®ããã«äœ¿ãããŠãããã¯è°äŒãžå ±åãããªããé¢ä¿è ã®èšŒèšã«ãããšããã®è³éã¯å®éã®ãšãããCIAã®ç§å¯å·¥äœã«äœ¿ãããŠããã
ã1983幎ãšèšãã°ãã€ã©ã³ã»ã³ã³ãã©å·¥äœãã®æäžã§ãããã¢ãã¬ãã¹ã¿ã³ã§ç§å¯å·¥äœãå®è¡ããæããé ããã®åŸãNEDã¯ã°ã«ãžã¢ã®ããã©é©åœãããŠã¯ã©ã€ãã®ããªã¬ã³ãžé©åœãã§ã䜿ãããçŸåšããã®ãããã¯ãŒã¯ã¯ãã·ã¢ã«ã匵ãå·¡ããããŠãããéŠæž¯ã®ãäœé äžç°ããCIAãé»å¹ã ãšããããšã«ãªãã
ããã®éŠæž¯ãã€ã®ãªã¹ãæ¯é ããããã«ãªã£ãã®ã¯19äžçŽã®ããšãäžåœïŒæž ïŒãšã®è²¿ææŠäºã§å®æããã€ã®ãªã¹ã¯ã¢ãã³ã売ãã€ããããšãæãã€ãããããæåŠããæž ãžè»äºäŸµæ»ãéŠæž¯å³¶ã奪ããäžæµ·ã寧波ãçŠå·ãåŠéãåºå·ã®æž¯ãé枯ãããè³ åéãŸã§æãããŠããã®ã ãããã1840幎ãã42幎ãŸã§ç¶ããã¢ãã³æŠäºããã®åŸã1856幎ãã60幎ã«ãããŠã¢ããŒå·äºä»¶ïŒç¬¬äºæ¬¡ã¢ãã³æŠäºïŒãã€ã®ãªã¹ã¯ä»æãã11ã®æž¯ãéãããå€åœäººã®äžåœå ã«ãããæ è¡ã®èªç±ãèªããããä¹éŸå島ã®åéšã奪ã£ãŠãããã¢ãã³è²¿æãå ¬èªãããã
ããã®æŠäºã§å€§å²ãããäŒç€Ÿã®ã²ãšã€ããžã£ãŒãã£ã³ã»ãã»ãœã³ãã¢ããŒå·äºä»¶ã®æäžã«æšªæµã§äºåæãæ§ããç¥æžãé·åŽã«ãæ ç¹ãç¯ããŠãããå¹æ«ãã©ãã«ãç»å ŽããããŒãã¹ã»ã°ã©ããŒãå瀟ãžå ¥ã£ãã®ããã®å¹Žããã®ç¿å¹Žã«ã°ã©ããŒã¯é·åŽãžæž¡ããè©æ©è©ãé·å·è©ãæ¯æŽããŠåŸ³å·å¹åºã®æåã«ååããããšã«ãªãã
ãããããæ¯æŽæŽ»åã®äžç°ãšããŠã€ã®ãªã¹ã¯é·å·ãã5åã®è¥è ãã€ã®ãªã¹ãžçåŠãããããšã決ããéžã°ããã®ãäºäžèå€ïŒéŠšïŒãé è€è¬¹å©ã山尟庞äžãäŒè€ä¿èŒïŒåæïŒãéæ匥åïŒäºäžåïŒããããããé·å·äºåãã ããã®5åã¯1863幎ã«ã€ã®ãªã¹ãžæž¡ãããè¹ãªã©ã®æé ãããã®ã¯ãžã£ãŒãã£ã³ã»ãã»ãœã³ã
ã1868幎ã®æ蟰æŠäºãçµãŠèªçããææ²»æ¿åºã¯1871幎7æã«å»è©çœ®çãå®æœãèªæ²»æš©ã奪ã£ãŠäžå€®éæš©å¶ã確ç«ããããšããã®ã ãããã®ç¿å¹Žãççè©ãèšçœ®ããŠãããå¥åŠãªè©±ã ããå®ã¯1871幎10æã«å®®å€å³¶ã®æŒæ°ãé£ç ŽããŠå°æ¹Ÿã«æŒçãäœäººãã殺ãããããšã«ç®ãã€ããå°æ¹ŸäŸµç¥ãç®è«ãã ã®ã ãããã€ãŸããççãæ¥æ¬é ã ãšäž»åŒµãè»éãéã蟌ããšããã·ããªãªãæ¿åºå ã®èª°ããèãããã®ããã«ççè©ãã§ã£ã¡äžããããã ã
ããã®æ±ºå®ã«ççåŽã¯åçºãæµæããŠæž ã«å©ããæ±ããŠããããã€ã®ãªã¹ãšã®æŠäºã«æããæž ã«ããããäœè£ã¯ãªãã£ãããããŠ1879幎ãã€ã®ãªã¹ãåŸãçŸãšããææ²»æ¿åºã¯æ²çžçãäœãã®ã ãããã®éã«æ¥æ¬ã¯æ±ã¢ãžã¢äŸµç¥ãå§ããŠããã1874幎ã«å°æ¹ŸãžæŽŸå µã75幎ã«ã¯æé®®ã®éŠéœãå®ãèŠè¡ã ã£ãæ±è¯å³¶ãžè»èŠã掟é£ããŠæçºã76幎ã«æ¥æ修奜æ¡èŠãšããäžå¹³çæ¡çŽãçµã°ãããã€ã®ãªã¹ããã¿ãŠåœæã®æ¥æ¬ã¯ISïŒã€ã¹ã©ã åœïŒã«è¿ã圹åããæŒããŠããã
ã1894幎ã«æé®®å島ã®åéšã§ç²å蟲æ°æŠäºïŒæ±åŠå ã®ä¹±ïŒãèµ·ãããšæé®®çæã¯æž ã«åºå µãæ±ããæ¥æ¬ã¯ãéŠäººä¿è·ããåç®ã«è»éã掟é£ãæ¥æž æŠäºã«ã€ãªããããã®æŠäºã§æ¥æ¬ãåå©ãæž ã¯å€åœã«æµžé£ãããŠãã£ãã
ãæ¥æ¬ã¯æ¬¡ã«æé®®çæãé«å®ã®åã§ããéåŠã1895幎ã«æšæ®ºãããäžæµŠæ¢§æ¥Œå ¬äœ¿ãäžå¿ãšããæ¥æ¬ã®å®æ²ãšã倧éžæµªäººããæé®®ã®å®®å»·ã«çªå ¥ããŠæ®ºããã®ã ãããã®éãæ§çãªéµèŸ±ãå ãããšèšãããŠãããäžæµŠãã¡ãæ¥æ¬ã®è£å€å®ã¯ã蚌æ äžååãã§ç¡çœªã«ããŠãããããã®å€æ±ºã«ãã£ãŠäºä»¶ã¯æ¥æ¬æ¿åºãé¢äžããŠããããšã瀺ãããšã«ãªã£ãã
ããã®åŸãäžåœã¯æ¥æ¬ã«äŸµç¥ããããã第2次äžç倧æŠã§æ¥æ¬ãæåããåŸãçŽ è»ïŒåŸã®äººæ°è§£æŸè»ïŒã¯ã¢ã¡ãªã«ã®æ¯æŽãåããåœæ°å è»ãç Žãã1949幎ã«äžè¯äººæ°å ±ååœã®æç«ã宣èšãããããã®ãšããã¢ã¡ãªã«ã¯ã³ãã¥ãã¹ãã®æå°è ãäžæ°ã«æ殺ããããšãããäºåã«çºèŠããŠå€±æã1950幎ã«æé®®æŠäºãåçºããã
ããã®å¹Žã®æ¥ããã¢ã¡ãªã«ã¯æé®®å島ã§ç§å¯å·¥äœãéå§ãéåœã®ç©ºè»ãååŽã空çãå°äžè»ãæµ·å·ãå é ãã2æ¥åŸã«æé®®è»ã38床ç·ãçªç ŽããŠæ»ã蟌ãã ããã°ã©ã¹ã»ããã«ãŒãµãŒã«åè¡ããŠæ¥æ¬ã«ããæŽå²å®¶ã®ãžã§ã³ã»ã¬ã³ãµãŒã«ãããšãå島ããããã«ãŒãµãŒã«å ¥ã£ãæåã®é»è©±é£çµ¡ã¯ãéåœè»ãåãæ»æããããšãããã®ã ã£ããšããã
ãæé®®æŠäºãåçºãã1950幎ã«ç Žå£å·¥äœïŒããïŒçµç¹ã®OPCã¯CIAã«åžåããã51幎1æã«ã¢ã¬ã³ã»ãã¬ã¹ãCIAå¯é·å®ãšããŠç Žå£å·¥äœãææ®ã53幎ã«ã¯é·å®ãšãªãã1951幎ã«CIAã¯åœæ°å è»ãçããŠäžåœé å ãžã®äŸµæ»ãè©Šã¿ãã倱æãç¿å¹Žã«ãå床æ»ã蟌ãã ãã®ã®ããã¯ãåæã«ãã£ãŠéåŽããŠããã
ã1953幎ã«æé®®æŠäºã¯äŒæŠã«ãªããã幎ãæãããšããã«ã¢ã¬ã³ã»ãã¬ã¹ã®å ããžã§ã³ã»ãã©ã¹ã¿ãŒã»ãã¬ã¹åœåé·å®ã¯åœå®¶å®å šä¿éäŒè°ã«ãããŠããããã ã§ã®ã²ãªã©æŠãæºåããããã«ææ¡ãCIAã¯SMMïŒãµã€ãŽã³è»äºæŽŸé£å£ïŒãç·šæãããæé®®æŠäºããããã æŠäºãã¢ã¡ãªã«ã®ç®ã¯äžåœã«åããŠããããã«æããã
ã1972幎ã«ãªãã£ãŒãã»ãã¯ãœã³ç±³å€§çµ±é ã¯äžåœã蚪åããããã æŠäºãç¶ããæå³ã¯ãªããªã£ãŠæŠäºã¯çµãããã¢ã¡ãªã«ãšäžåœãšã®äº€æžãé²ãäžããã³ãªãŒã»ããã·ã³ãžã£ãŒã¯åšæ©æ¥ã«å¯Ÿããå奜é¢ä¿ãçµã¶ããšã«åæããªããªãã°ãã¢ã¡ãªã«ã¯æ¥æ¬ã«æ žæŠè£ ãèš±ããšè ãããšãžã£ãŒããªã¹ãã®ã·ãŒã¢ã¢ã»ããŒã·ã¥ã¯äž»åŒµããŠããã
ããšããã§ã2011幎3æ8æ¥ä»ã®ã€ã³ãã£ãã³ãã³ãçŽã«æ²èŒãããç³åæ
倪éã®ã€ã³ã¿ãã¥ãŒèšäºã«ãããšããæ¥æ¬ã¯1幎以å
ã«æ žå
µåšãéçºããããšãã§ããããšèªããå€äº€åãšã¯æ žå
µåšãªã®ã§ãããæ žå
µåšãæ¥æ¬ãæã£ãŠããã°äžåœã¯å°é£è«žå³¶ã«æãåºããªãã ãããšäž»åŒµããããã ã
ãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒ
å
±ç£äž»çŸ©åœå®¶ããæ°äž»äž»çŸ©åœå®¶ããã圌ãïŒåœééèè³æ¬å®¶ïŒãâŠããåµäœãããã®ã§ãã | åå
«çŸã®ãã®äžç
http://otisdury.blog.fc2.com/blog-entry-639.html?sp
ç§ã¯éŠæž¯ã«ã¯äœåãè¡ã£ãããéŠæž¯ã¯æãããªãã¹ãã£ã€ã«ãã®å·£çªã§ããã
äž»èŠéãã§ãããã€ã¶ã³ããŒãã¯ãã€ãµã³ã»ãã¹ãã£ã€ã«ãããåä»ããããŠããã
ã¡ã€ã³ãã³ã¯ã§ããéŠæž¯äžæµ·éè¡ããã¢ãã³æŠäºã®çµæãèšç«ãããéè¡ã§ãããæãä»ã麻è¬è³éã®ãããŒãã³ããªã³ã°ã«é¢ä¿ããŠããããŒãã£ãŒãªéè¡ã§ããããã¡ããããã¹ãã£ã€ã«ãåäžã§ããã
çŸåšéŠæž¯ã§ã¯æ°äž»åãèŠæ±ãããã¢ãè¡ãªã£ãŠããããã ããããããã€ãã®ããšããã¢ã¡ãªã«ïŒã¢ã¡ãªã«ãæã£ãŠããã圌ããïŒã«æäœãããèšç»çãªãã®ã§ããã
ããããå
±ç£äž»çŸ©èªäœãã圌ãããåµäœããç¿èå±
ãªã®ã ããããã®å
±ç£äž»çŸ©åœå®¶äœå¶ãæºãããæ°äž»åãã¢ãªããã®ãããããŸãåµäœããŠã圌ããã¯äžäœäœããããã®ã ãããïŒ
èŠããã«åœå®¶ãäžå®å®ãªç¶æ
ã«ããŠãããŠãä»ä»¥äžã«äžåœã®æå°è
å±€ãèªåãã¡ã®åå¡ç¶æ
ã«ãããã®ããå®éšåœå®¶ãšããŠã®å
±ç£äž»çŸ©åœå®¶ãå»æ¢ã«ããŠãåœå®¶ãåè£ãããã€ãããªã®ã ãããã»ã»ã»ã
ã©ã¡ãã«ããŠããçŸåšã®äžå ç¬è£ç¶æ ã®äžåœãšããåœã¯åé¡ã ããã§ããã®ã¯äºå®ã ãããçãããåç¥ã®éããäžåœã«ã¯éžææš©ã¯ç¡ãã
è¡šåãã¯çã®å¯ä»£è¡šãéžã¶éžææš©ã¯ãããããããçã®ä»£è¡šã¯å šãŠå ±ç£å å¡ã§ãããå ±ç£å ã«ãã£ãŠæåãããã®ã§å®è³ªåœæ°ã«ã¯äœã®éžææš©ãç¡ãã®ã§ããã
ã圌ããã«ãã£ãŠæäœãããŠããããšã¯èš±ããããããšã ããç§ã¯åºæ¬çã«ã¯éŠæž¯ã®ãã¢ãæ¯æãããèãã§ããã
ãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒ
ãã®ããã°ã®å 容ã¯ããŸãã§äžåœå ±ç£å ã®ãããã¬ã³ãã®ããã§ããâŠ å €æªæããã®è¬åº§ã§ã¯ãäžäœå šäœã©ã®ãããªè§£èª¬ããããã®ã§ããããïŒð§ðŠïŒ
倩å®éäºä»¶ã¯CIAã«ãã£ãŠèšç·ŽãããæŠè£
å¢åãšäººæ°è§£æŸè»ã®éã«èµ·ãã£ãæŠåè¡çªã ã£ãã®ã§ãã - fm Venusã®ããã°
https://fmvenus.muragon.com/entry/248.html
ãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒ
ãæ«»äºãžã£ãŒãã«ãðã§ããðãšåããããªå 容ã§ããæŽã«è©³ããã§ããç»å Žäººç©ãæªããããããçå®ãç¥ãããã§ãããã®ããã©ããŠããŸããŠã£ããªãŒã¯ã¹ãèšã£ãŠããã£ãŠã®ãâŠéåžžã«æ°ã«ãªããŸããå €æªæããã¯ããããããããã®æã®è©±ãããã®ãããããŸãããããã ðð§ðŠ
倩å®éã§ã®æè°æŽ»åã§æåã¡ãã£ã¢ãèªãããããªãäºå® - 楜倩ããã°
https://plaza.rakuten.co.jp/condor33/diary/201906020001/
ããã€ã«ã»ãŽã«ããã§ãããœé£ã§å®æš©ãæ¡ãåã1980幎ããäžåœã§ã¯æ°èªç±äž»çŸ©ããã§ã«å°å ¥ãããŠããããã®å¹Žã«æ°èªç±äž»çŸ©ã®æç¥çãªååšã§ãããã«ãã³ã»ããªãŒããã³ãäžåœã蚪åããŠããããããã¯è±¡åŸŽçãªåºæ¥äºã ã£ãã
ããšãããã1980幎代ã®åŸåã«ãªããšæ°èªç±äž»çŸ©ã«ãã瀟äŒã®æªã¿ãæ·±å»åããã1988幎ã«å®æœãããçµæžæ¹é©ãã¯æ·±å»ãªã€ã³ãã¬ãæãã瀟äŒã¯äžå®å®åãåŽåè ãªã©ããäžæºã®å£°ãé«ãŸããè»éä¿®æ£ãå³ãããšã«ãªãã
ãããã«å¯Ÿããæ°èªç±äž»çŸ©ã§çãæ±ãåžããã¯ãã®ãšãªãŒãåŠçã¯ãæ¹é©ãã®ç¶ç¶ãæ±ãããããããåŠçã«æ¯æãããŠããã®ãè¡èéŠãè¶çŽ«éœã ããã®ãµããã®åŸãçŸã ã£ãé§å°å¹³ãè»éä¿®æ£ã«äžããã
ãæ°èªç±äž»çŸ©ã®ç¶ç¶ãæ±ããåŠçéåã®é«ãŸãã«å¯Ÿãã責任ãåãããŠè¡èéŠã¯1987幎ã«ç·æžèšãèŸä»»ã89幎ã«æ»äº¡ããããã®æ»ãåã£æãã«å€©å®éåºå Žã§å€§èŠæš¡ãªæè°æŽ»åãå§ãŸãã5æã«æå³ä»€ãæ·ããã6æãè¿ããã
ãæ¬ããã°ã§ã¯ãã§ã«ææããããåœæãçŸå°ã«ãã西åŽã®ãžã£ãŒããªã¹ããå€äº€å®ã¯å€©å®éåºå Žã§åŠçãè殺ããããšãã話ãåŠå®ããŠããã
ãäŸãã°ãåœæ¥ã«å€©å®éåºå Žã§ã®æè°æŽ»åãåæããŠããã¯ã·ã³ãã³ã»ãã¹ãçŽã®ãžã§ã€ã»ãã·ã¥ãŒãºã¯åé¡ã«ãªã£ãæ¥ãåºå Žã«æŽŸé£ãããæ²»å®éšéã¯åŠçãå¹³åçã«åŒãäžããããšãèš±ããããã§ã¯èª°ãæ»ãã§ããªããšããŠãããïŒJay Mathews, âThe Myth of Tiananmen And the Price of a Passive Press,â Columbia Journalism Reviews, June 4, 2010ïŒ
ãåŠçæå°è ã®ã²ãšãã§ããåŸçŸéåžã¯åŠç200åã殺ããããšäž»åŒµããŠãããããã·ã¥ãŒãºã«ãããšãè殺ããã£ããšãããæ°æéåã«åŸçŸéåžãã¯åºå Žãé¢ããŠããããšã確èªãããŠããã
ããŸããå京ããã«ããåºå Žã®çãäžã§å µå£«ãåŠçãæã€ã®ãèŠããšäž»åŒµããBBCã®èšè ãããããèšè ãããå Žæããåºå Žã®äžå¿éšã¯èŠããªããšãããïŒJay Mathews, âThe Myth of Tiananmen And the Price of a Passive Press,â Columbia Journalism Reviews, June 4, 2010ïŒ
ã西åŽã®æåã¡ãã£ã¢ã¯2017幎ã倩å®éåºå Žã§è£ ç²å µå¡èŒžéè»ã®éæã«ãã£ãŠ1äžäººä»¥äžã®åžæ°ã殺ããããšãã話ãäŒããŠãããå京é§åšã®ã€ã®ãªã¹å€§äœ¿ã ã£ãã¢ã©ã³ã»ããã«ãããã³ãã³ãžéã£ãé»ä¿¡ãèŠããšAFPãæµããã®ã ããããã«ã倧䜿èªèº«ãç®æããããã§ã¯ãªãã圌ã®ãä¿¡é Œã§ããæ å ±æºãããèãã話ã ã
ããã®æ å ±æºã誰ãã¯æããã«ãããŠããªããããã®ã»ãã®è殺話ã¯åŠçã®ãªãŒããŒããåºãŠãããåœæãã€ã®ãªã¹ãã¢ã¡ãªã«ã¯åŠçæå°è ãšç·å¯ãªé¢ä¿ã«ãã£ããããã«ã倧䜿ã®è©±ãåŠçæå°è ããåºãããšãæšæž¬ã§ããããã®æšæž¬ãæ£ãããªããçŸå Žã«ããªãã£ã人ç©ã®è©±ãšããããšã«ãªãã
ããŸãããŠã£ããªãŒã¯ã¹ãå ¬è¡šããå京ã®ã¢ã¡ãªã«å€§äœ¿é€šãåºãã1989幎7æ12æ¥ä»ãã®éä¿¡æã«ãããšãããªã®2çæžèšå®ã«ã«ãã¹ã»ã®ã£ããšãã®åŠ»ã¯åºå Žãžå ¥ã£ãå µå£«ãæã«ããŠããã®ã¯æ£æ£ã ãã§ã矀éãžã®äžæå°æã¯ãªãã£ããšãããïŒâLATIN AMERICAN DIPLOMAT EYEWITNESS ACCOUNT O JUNE 3-4 EVENTS ON TIANANMEN SQUAREâ, WikiLeaksïŒ
ãããããè¡çªããªãã£ãããã§ã¯ãªããåºå Žããå°ãé¢ããå Žæã§éæã¯ãã£ãã®ã ããæ²»å®éšéãšè¡çªããã®ã¯æ°èªç±äž»çŸ©ã«å察ããåŽåè ãäžå¿ãšããã°ã«ãŒãã ã£ããšããããã®è¡çªã§ã¯åæ¹ã«æ»å·è ãåºãŠããããã ã西åŽæ¯é å±€ã¯ãã®è¡çªãæãäžããããªãã ããã
ãã€ã®ãªã¹ã®âãã€ãªãŒã»ãã¬ã°ã©ã çŽâã2011幎6æ4æ¥ã«äŒããèšäºã«ãããšãBBCã®å京ç¹æŽŸå¡ã ã£ããžã§ãŒã ãºã»ãã€ã«ãºã¯å€©å®éåºå Žã§è殺ã¯ãªãã£ããšèªããŠãããè»éãåºå Žãžå ¥ã£ããšãã«æè°æŽ»åã®åå è ã¯ãŸã ããããæ²»å®éšéãšåŠçåŽã話ãåã£ãåŸãåºå Žããç«ã¡å»ãããšãèš±ããããšããã
ãåŠçã®æè°æŽ»åã«CIAãé¢äžããŠããããšã¯ééããªããåœæã®ç¶æ³ãèŠããšã倧統é ã¯1989幎1æããCIAåºèº«ã®ãžã§ãŒãžã»Hã»Wã»ããã·ã¥ããšãŒã«å€§åŠã§ãªã¯ã«ãŒããããå¯èœæ§ãé«ãããžã§ã³ã»Fã»ã±ããã£å€§çµ±é ã®æ殺ã§ãååãåºãŠããã
ãå幎4æã«ã¢ã¡ãªã«å€§äœ¿ãšããŠå京ãžèµŽä»»ãããžã§ãŒã ãºã»ãªãªãŒã¯ããã·ã¥ãšæµæã®éæã«ããCIAã®é«å®ããªãªãŒã®å任倧䜿ã§ãããŠã£ã³ã¹ãã³ã»ããŒãã¯å€§äœ¿ãèŸããåŸãCIAã®è³éãæµãNEDã®äŒé·ã«å°±ä»»ããŠãããããã·ã¥ããªãªãŒãããŒãã®3åã¯ãããããšãŒã«å€§åŠã®åºèº«ã§ãåŠçã®ç§å¯çµç€Ÿã¹ã«ã«ã»ã¢ã³ãã»ããŒã³ãºã®ã¡ã³ããŒã ã
ãåŠçã¯å€§äœ¿ã®ãªãªãŒã ãã§ãªããææ©å®¶ã®ãžã§ãŒãžã»ãœãã¹ãšãã€ãªãã£ãŠãããåŸã«åŸçŸéåžãæŽç²ãªã©éåã®æå°è ã¯ã€ã®ãªã¹ã®MI6ãã¢ã¡ãªã«ã®CIAãäœã£ãéèµ°ã«ãŒããé»éè¡åããå©çšãéŠæž¯ãšãã©ã³ã¹ãçµç±ããŠã¢ã¡ãªã«ãžéãããåŸçŸéåžã¯ããŒããŒã倧åŠãæŽç²ã¯ããªã³ã¹ãã³å€§åŠãžå ¥åŠããŠãããåŸçŸéåžã¯çŸåšãå°æ¹Ÿã§ç¬ç«éåã«åå ããŠãããšããã
ãäžåœæ¿åºã¯çµæžæ¿çãä¿®æ£ãããã®ã®ããã®åŸãã¢ã¡ãªã«ãšã®å奜çãªé¢ä¿ã¯åŽ©ããŠããªãããã®é¢ä¿ã厩ããã®ã¯2014幎ããŠã¯ã©ã€ãã§ã¢ã¡ãªã«ãããªã»ããã䜿ã£ãã¯ãŒãã¿ãŒãå®è¡ããŠããã ãããã
ãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒ
ïŒ CIA ã NED ã¯ãããªãæªããã»ã»ã»ð§ðŠ ïŒ
äžåœå
񇜆
ãæããéŠæž¯ãã¢ïœ£ã§ã®CIAã®æèº æ§ãœé£åã§ã®ïœ¢æ°äž»åå·¥äœïœ£ã®åæ¥ã | PRESIDENT OnlineïŒãã¬ãžãã³ããªã³ã©ã€ã³ïŒ
å€åœæ
å ±æ©é¢ã®æŽ»åæ ç¹ãšããŠã®éŠæž¯
æ°ã«æã«ããã£ãŠéŠæž¯ã§ã®å€§æ··ä¹±ãåŒãèµ·ãããé亡ç¯æ¡äŸæ¹æ£æ¡æåºã¯ãåå°ãæ ç¹ã«ããŸããŸãªç§å¯æŽ»åãè¡ã£ãŠããå€åœæ
å ±æ©é¢ã«ãšã£ãŠãäžå€§äºã§ãã£ãã
è±åœã«ãã統治æ代ãããéŠæž¯ã¯é·ããç±³è±æ
å ±æ©é¢ã®æŽ»åæ ç¹ã§ããããä»æ¥ããã®ç¶æ³ã«å€ããã¯ãªãããã ã
äŸãã°ã1989幎ã®å€©å®éäºä»¶ã®çŽåŸãå€ãã®æ°äž»åéåã®åŠçãªãŒããŒãã¡ãäžåœå
¬å®åœå±ã«è¿œããããããã®æãéŠæž¯ãæ ç¹ãšããŠãå°å
ã®å®æ¥å®¶ãæå¿ããšãšãã«åœŒãã®æµ·å€é亡ãæ¯æŽããã®ã¯è±ç§å¯æ
å ±éšïŒMI6ïŒãç±³äžå€®æ
å ±å±ïŒCIAïŒã§ãã£ãã
ãã®ç§å¯äœæŠã¯ãé»éäœæŠïŒè¡åïŒããšåŒã°ããŠããããè±ç±³æ
å ±æ©é¢ã¯ãã®æãé亡ã®è³éã®ã¿ãªãããéä¿¡æ©ãæèŠè£
眮ãããã«ã¯æŠåšãªã©ãé亡åŠçãã«æäŸãããšãããŠããïŒãã£ãã³ã·ã£ã«ã»ã¿ã€ã ãºã2014幎6æ1æ¥ "Tiananmen Square: the long shadow"ïŒã
ã¡ãªã¿ã«ãé»éè¡åããšã¯ããã»ããçãã«ãããªãããã®èåŸããã«ããªã¢ãçã£ãŠããããšããäžåœã®æ
äºæèªïŒè·èæèãé»éåšåïŒã«ã¡ãªããã®ã§ãã€ãŸãç®ã®åã®ç²ç©ãçã£ãŠããèªåããŸããå¥ã®æµã«èèŠçã
ãããããšçãããŠãããšããæå³ã ã
ãããªéŠæž¯ã§ã¯ãäžåœè¿éåŸãå€åœæ
å ±æ©é¢ãåŒãç¶ã掻åããŠãããäŸãã°2004幎ãè±åœãã¹ããŒããæã€éŠæž¯äºº3人ãè±ç§å¯æ
å ±éšïŒMI6ïŒã®ã¹ãã€ã ãšããŠäžåœåœå
ã§é®æãããŠããïŒãã¬ã°ã©ãã2004幎3æ3æ¥ "Hong Kong residents spied for MI6, says Beijing"ïŒã
ãŸãããªãã¢ã®åã«ããã£äœå¶éåã«å€±æãããã®ããã§è±åœã«äº¡åœãããµãã»ãµãŒãã£æ°ãšãã人ç©ã¯ãè±åœãšãªãã¢ã®é¢ä¿æ¹åãé²ãã§ãã2004幎3æãéŠæž¯ã®è±åœé äºé€šã§çªç¶é®æç£çŠãããMI6ã«ãã£ãŠåŠ»ã4人ã®åäŸãã¡ãšäžç·ã«æé ãšè¶³ããããããç¶æ
ã§ãªãã¢ã«èŒžéãããã«ããã£æ¿æš©ã«åŒãæž¡ãããã
ãã®ãšããéŠæž¯æ¿åºåŽã§ãã®èªæã«ç©æ¥µçã«é¢ãã£ããšããŠååãåºãŠããã®ããåœæãéŠæž¯æ¿åºæ²»å®åœå±ã®åžžä»»ç§æžé·ã ã£ã人ç©ã§ããïŒãµãŠã¹ã»ãã£ã€ãã»ã¢ãŒãã³ã°ãã¹ãçŽã2014幎12æ13æ¥ "Hong Kong's role in kidnapping of Libyan dissident Sami al-Saadi back in spotlight"ïŒã
äžæ¹ãéŠæž¯ã§ã¯äžåœã®æ
å ±æ©é¢ãç§å¯æŽ»åãè¡ã£ãŠãããäŸãã°ãäžåœæ¿åºãæµèŠãããæ³èŒªåãã®æŽ»åã劚害ããããã®å·¥äœæŽ»åã¯äŸç¶ãšããŠæŽ»çºã§ããããå°å
ã§ã¯ä»åã®æè°éåãé®å§ããæ²»å®éšéã®äžã«ãå°ãªããªãäžåœã®å
¬å®é¢ä¿è
ãçŽã蟌ãã§ãããšããåããããããã
ç±³ããªã³ã³äººèãšã€ãªããå®æ¥å®¶
éŠæž¯ã®æè°éåã«åå ããŠããã°ã«ãŒãã«ã¯ãå
šç±³æ°äž»äž»çŸ©åºéïŒNEDïŒããè³éæŽå©ãåããŠãããã®ããããšããããšã床ã
å ±ããããŠããã
ãã®NEDãšã¯ã1983幎ã®ã¬ãŒã¬ã³æ¿æš©æ代ã«ãä»åœã®æ¿åºãæ°äž»åããããšããç®çã§èšç«ãããçµç¹ã§ããã
ãããå®éã®NEDã¯ãåç±³çãªåœã®æ¿æš©äº€ä»£ïŒãããã¯äœå¶è»¢èŠïŒãæ¯æŽããããã«ããã®åœã®å察掟ã«è³éæŽå©ãªã©ãè¡ã£ãŠããã®ã§ãããCIAã®ããã³ãæ©é¢ãšãåŒã°ããŠããã
NEDã¯ã2014幎ã®éšåéåã®é ããéŠæž¯ã®ãã¢æ¯æŽãè¡ã£ãŠããããã ãããã®NEDãšäžŠãã§éŠæž¯ã®æ°äž»åéåãæ¯æããŠããå°å
ã®å¯è±ªãããã
ãã®1人ããå°å
éŠæž¯ã¡ãã£ã¢çã®å€§ç©ã§ãèææ¥å ±ïŒã¢ããã«ã»ãã€ãªãŒïŒãåµæ¥ããé»æºè±ïŒãžããŒã»ã©ã€ïŒæ°ã ã
貧ãã家ããäžä»£ã§å·šé¡ã®å¯ãç¯ããç«å¿äŒäžã®äººã§ããé»æ°ã¯ã2014幎ã®éšåéåã«ã¯ååäœã®è³éãæäŸããå®éã«èªåã§ããã¢éã«åå ããè¡åã®äººã§ããã¡ããä»åã®æè°éåãã匷ãæ¯æããŠããã
ãã®ããã§ãé»æ°ã¯äžåœã¡ãã£ã¢ããã挢奞ïŒå£²åœå¥ŽïŒããšçœµåããããã®èªå®
ã¯éå»ã«è»ã§çªã£èŸŒãŸããããç«çç¶ãæã蟌ãŸãããããŠããã2019幎9æ5æ¥ã«ããã¯ãèªå®
ãç«çç¶æ»æãåããŠããã
2019幎7æ10æ¥ä»ã®ããã«ãŒã ããŒã°ã("Trump Team Sends Defiant Signal to Beijing by Meeting Hong Kong Activist"ïŒã«ãããšããã®é»æ°ãåæã«ã¯ã·ã³ãã³ã蚪åãããããºãšã©ãã€ã©ã³ã«å¯Ÿããè»äºåè¡äœ¿ãé¡ããã€ã¯ã»ãã³ã¹å¯å€§çµ±é ããã³ããªåœåé·å®ãããã«ã¯ãžã§ã³ã»ãã«ãã³å
å®å
šä¿éæ
åœãšãã£ããããªã³ã³ïŒæ°ä¿å®äž»çŸ©è
ïŒãªãã©ã«ãã転åãç±³åœã®åœçã®ããã«ã¯æŠåè¡äœ¿ãèŸãã¬ä¿å®äž»çŸ©è
ïŒç³»é«å®ããšäŒè«ãããã§ãéŠæž¯ã¯èªç±ãšæ°äž»ã®å±æ©ã«ããããšããŠç±³åœã®æ¯æŽãæ±ãããšããã
ãããªäººèãšé¢ä¿ãæã€é»æºè±æ°ããç¿è¿å¹³æ¿æš©ããCIAå·¥äœå¡ããšåŒãã§éé£ããã®ã¯é©ãã«åœãããªãã
ç±³æ¿åºé«å®ãé»æºè±æ°ãšé¢äŒãããšããããšã¯ãããªãã¡ãã©ã³ãæ¿æš©ãäžåœæ¿åºã«å¯ŸããŠå®å
šãªãæµå¯Ÿé¢ä¿ã瀺ããããšã«ãªããªã©ãšåçŽã«å ±ããåããããããããã§æ°ãã€ããªããã°ãªããªãã®ã¯ã圌ãããã©ã³ãæ¿æš©å
ã«ããããªã³ã³ç³»é«å®ãã®åãã¯ãå¿
ããããã©ã³ã倧統é ã®æåãšã¯åãã§ã¯ãªããšããããšã ã
ãã®èšŒæ ã«ããã©ã³ã倧統é ã¯éŠæž¯ã®æ°äž»åéåã«ã¯ããŸãèå³ããªãããã§ãåœåã¯éŠæž¯ã®æè°éåããåä¹±ããšããåŒãã§ããããé»æºè±æ°ãšã芪ãããžã§ã³ã»ãã«ãã³åœå®¶å®å
šä¿éè£äœå®ãå
æ¥è§£ä»»ãããŠããã
ããããã察å€äžå¹²æžäž»çŸ©ã®ãã©ã³ã倧統é ã¯ãããªã³ã³ãšã¯äžåçžãããªãèãã®æã¡äž»ã ããããªããªã³ã³ç³»ã®äººã
ãäœäººãèªåã®æ¿æš©å
ã«å
¥ããŠããã®ã¯ããåã¯è¿ãã«çœ®ããæµã¯ãã£ãšè¿ãã«çœ®ãããšãããã©ã³ã倧統é äžæµã®æŠç¥ã§ããããšæšå¯ããã
ãã«ã©ãŒé©åœããæããäžåœå
񇜆
äžæ¹ã®ç¿æ¿æš©ã¯ãäœåºŠãéŠæž¯ã®ãã¢ã®èåŸã«ã¯CIAããããšè¿°ã¹ãŠãããéŠæž¯ã®åé¢ç¬ç«ãçã£ãŠããã®ã§ã¯ãªãããšåãã£ãŠãããå®ã¯åœŒãã¯ãç±³æ
å ±æ©é¢ãå®è¡ãããã«ã©ãŒé©åœããæããŠããã®ã§ããã
ãã«ã©ãŒé©åœããšã¯ã2000幎代ã«æ±æ¬§ããäžå€®ã¢ãžã¢ã®åœã
ã§CIAãäž»å°ããŠè¡ã£ãäžé£ã®æ¿æš©è»¢èŠåã§ããããã®ãã«ã©ãŒé©åœãã§ã¯ãåè¿°ã®NEDãæ·±ãé¢äžããŠãããäŸãã°éå»ã«ã¯ãããºãšã©ããã¥ãŒãåæ¿åºå¢åãžã®è³éæŽå©ããè¡ã£ãŠããã
NEDã®å代çäºé·ã¯ãã€ãŠããç§ãã¡ãä»æ¥ãã£ãŠããããšã®å€ãã¯ã25幎åã«CIAãç§å¯è£ã«ãã£ãŠããããšã§ããããšè¿°ã¹ãããšãããïŒã¯ã·ã³ãã³ã»ãã¹ãã1991幎9æ22æ¥ "Innocence Abroad: The New World of Spyless Coups"ïŒã
å®éãäžåœæ¿åºç³»ã¡ãã£ã¢ã¯ãéŠæž¯ã®ãã¢ã«çŽããŠãã欧米系çœäººã°ã«ãŒããæ®åœ±ããåçãæµããã圌ãã¯CIAå·¥äœå¡ã ããšäž»åŒµããŠãããããŸããã¢éã®äžã«ãå®éã«ç±³è±ã®åœæãæ¯ãåããŠãã人ã
ãããããšãããã®äžåœåŽã®ææã«äžå®ã®ãä¿¡é Œæ§ããäžããŠããéšåãããã ããã
åœç¶ããæ°äž»åéåæ¯æ掟ãã¯ããããã«ãã«ããé°è¬è«ã ãšããŠéé£ããŠããããäºãã«æ¿ããæ
å ±æŠãè¡ãããŠããããšã¯ééããªãã
ãããªèæ¯ã®äžã§ãåè¿°ã®éŠæž¯ã¡ãã£ã¢çã®é»æºè±æ°ã¯ãCIAå·¥äœå¡ããªã©ãšããããããããªãæ±åãçããããããŠããŸã£ãããã ããããããã®äžæ¹ã§ãé»æ°ã®åšèŸºã«ã¯ããããã¯ïŒããšæããã人ã
ãããã®ããŸã確ãã§ããã
èŠãé ãããç±³æ
å ±æ©é¢ã®åœ±
äŸãã°ãé»æºè±æ°ã®çµå¶ããç³»åäŒæ¥ã®çµå¶å¹¹éšã§ãæ°ã®å³è
ãšããããç±³åœäººã®ããŒã¯ã»ãµã€ã¢ã³æ°ãšãã人ç©ã«ã€ããŠã¯ã以åããããŸããŸãªåããã£ãã
2014幎8æ11æ¥ã®ããµãŠã¹ã»ãã£ã€ãã»ã¢ãŒãã³ã°ãã¹ããçŽïŒ"'I'm not a spy', says Jimmy Lai's right-hand man Mark Simon"ïŒã«ãããšã米海è»æ
å ±éšåºèº«ã®ãµã€ã¢ã³æ°ã¯ãéå»ã«ãç§ã®ç¶ã¯35幎éãCIAã«å€åããŠããããèªåã¯CIAã§ã®ã€ã³ã¿ãŒã³çã§ãã£ãããªã©ãšããçºèšãããŠããã
ãã®ãµã€ã¢ã³æ°ã¯åœç¶ãªããäžåœåœå±ã«çãããŠãããããã2014幎ã®éšåéåã®æäžã«ã¯ãæ°ã®ã¡ãŒã«ãäœè
ãã«ãã£ãŠãããã³ã°ããããããäœåºŠãã¹ã¯ãŒããå€ããŠããããã³ã°ããç¶ãããšããé«åºŠãªææ³ã«ããæ»æãåãããšãããïŒãµãŠã¹ã»ãã£ã€ãã»ã¢ãŒãã³ã°ãã¹ãçŽã2014幎8æ6æ¥"Jimmy Lai's top aide reveals his email accounts were hacked"ïŒã
ã¡ãªã¿ã«é»æºè±æ°ãšãµã€ã¢ã³æ°ã¯ã2019幎8æ3æ¥ã«éŠæž¯ã»ã³ãã©ã«å°åºã®ã€ã¿ãªã¢æçåºã§ããã¯ã€ãããŠã¹ã§ãæ±ã¢ãžã¢ã®å®å
šä¿éæ¿çã«é¢ããå©èšãè¡ã£ãŠããç±³åœåçå
顧åã®ã¯ãªã¹ãã£ã³ã»ãŠã£ãã³æ°ãšé£äºãããŠããããšãå°å
ã¡ãã£ã¢ã«ãã£ãŠç¢ºèªãããŠããïŒDimsumdaily Hong Kongã 2019幎8æ17æ¥ "EXCLUSIVE! The mysterious man that met up with Jimmy Lai and his entourage in Central HK is Christian Whiton, a national security expert who has served in multiple White House administrations"ïŒã
2013幎ã«ãã¹ããŒãã»ãã¯ãŒããšããæ¬ãåºçãããŠã£ãã³æ°ã¯ãããæŽç·ŽããïŒã¹ããŒããªïŒããã€æ
å ±æ©é¢çãªç§å¯æŽ»åã䌎ãé«åºŠãªæ¿æ²»æŠã«ãã£ãŠç±³åœã®åœçãå©ãã掻åããã¹ãããšããèããæã£ãŠããã
ä»åã®ãã¢ã®èåŸã«CIAããããšä¿¡ããŠçããªãäžåœæ
å ±æ©é¢ãä»ã§ãããããã£ã人ã
ã®ç£èŠã匷ããŠããã§ãããããšã¯æ³åã«é£ããªããããããããã®ãããªæ
å ±ãå°å
ã¡ãã£ã¢ã«æµãããããšèªäœããã§ã«æ¿ããæ
å ±æŠãç¹°ãåºããããŠãã蚌æ ã ããã®éŠæž¯ã§ã¯ããã§ã«ç±³åœãšéããŠããããåäœå¶ææ³ãæã€ãšããã人ã
ã®å€±èžªäºä»¶ãçžæ¬¡ãã§ãããããããã¯å ±éãããããªããšããã
ãããããç¿æ¿æš©ã¯ãããããæ段ã䜿ã£ãŠäžåœçãã«ã©ãŒé©åœããé²æ¢ããããšããã«éããªããããããªåœŒãã®æéã®å€ãã¯æ±ºããŠè¡šã«åºãŠããããšã¯ãªãã§ãããã
ãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒ
CIAãNED vs. äžå ±ã®ãè¶ éæŠãã»ã»ã» ð§ðŠ
äžå ±ã¯ãåœééèè³æ¬å®¶ãšãºããºãã ã£ãããã9.11 ãèµ·ããäºãâŠç¥ã£ãŠããŠãäžæè°ã§ã¯ãªãã®ã§ã¯ïŒâŠãšãå人çã«ã¯æããŸãã
ïŒäžèšã¯ãPRãªã©ããã®ãäžéšæç²ïŒè»¢èŒã§ãïŒ
9.11ãããäºèšãããäžåœã®ãã€ãã«ã
2001幎ã9æ11æ¥ãåå9æ3åâŠ
ãã¥ãŒãšãŒã¯ã®è±¡åŸŽãšãåŒã°ããäžç貿æã»ã³ã¿ãŒãã«ã«ããã€ãžã£ãã¯ãããæ
客æ©ãè¡çªããã«ã¯åŽ©å£ãããã®äžé£ã®ããã§3000人以äžãã®ç ç²è
ãåºãäºä»¶ãå®ã¯ãã®æ²æšãªäºä»¶ããèšãåœãŠãŠããæžç±ããããŸããããããäžåœã®è»äººã«ããåºçãããæžç±ãè¶
éæŠã
ããç¿æ¥ããç±³è»ãç 究ãç¶ããæŠç¥
ã¢ã¡ãªã«ã¯ãæžç±ãè¶
éæŠããåºçåœæãå
šãç®ã«ãçããŠããŸããã§ããã
ãšããã®ããã®å
容ãããŸãã«ãå«ç芳ãæ¬ åŠãããã®ã ã£ãããã
ãåã€ããã«ã¯ãªãã§ãããã
ãããã»ã¢ãã¯äœ¿ããããªãã§ã䜿ããè»äººã§ããããäžè¬äººã§ããããé¢ä¿ãªãããããªèãã¯å
é²åœã§æ£çŸ©ãæ²ããã¢ã¡ãªã«ãããããš
ãã§ããããããªãããšç¬ã£ãŠæµããŠããŸãçšåºŠã®ãã®ã ã£ãã®ã§ãã
ããããæŠäºç¶æ ã§ããªãã§ããªãã£ããã¥ãŒãšãŒã¯ã§ããããäžè¬ã®äººã ãå€ãç ç²ã«ãªã£ã9.11ãããåãã æ¬åœã«ãã®ãããªèãã§æ»æããŠãããå«ç芳ããªããã®ãã¡ãããã®ã ããšã¢ã¡ãªã«åœæ°å šå¡ãç®ãèŠãŸããã®ã§ãã
以éãç¹ã«ç±³è»ã§ã¯ãã®ãè¶ éæŠãã¯å¿ é ãšãªãç 究察象ãããããç±³äžã§ã®èŠæš©æŠäºã®çã£åªäžãšããªãã°åœç¶ããã£ãšãéèŠãªç 究察象ãšããŠä»ãåŠã°ããŠããŸããâŠ
ç®ãèŠãŸããã¢ã¡ãªã«ãšå¹³åãã±ããŠããæ¥æ¬
äžæ¹ã®æ¥æ¬ã¯ã©ãã§ããããïŒ
çŸåšãç±³äžèŠæš©æŠäºãè¡ãããŠããäžã§ãäžåœã¯ãè¶
éæŠãã«ãããã£ãŠã
ãåã€ãããªããªãã§ããããåœããã®æŠç¥ã¯ãä»æ¥ãçã
ãšå®è¡ãããŠããŸãã
ããã¯ã9.11ã®ãããªæãããªæŠåšã«ããæ»æã ãã§ã¯ãããŸããã
äŸãã°ãè»äºåã«çŽçµããAIæè¡ãããã奪ãããã«ã絊æãäœåã«ããŠã§ãã¢ã¡ãªã«ãæ¥æ¬ããæè¡è
ãåŒãæããŠããã®æè¡ãçã¿âŠ
äžè¬ã®äžåœåœæ°ãæ§ã
ãªåœã«éãããŠããã®å°åã«æµžéãããŠããŸãã
æ¥æ¬ã«ããã£ã€ãã¿ãŠã³ããããããããŸãããïŒãã äœãã§ããã ãã§ã¯ãªããå°ããã€åå°ãè²·ãå ãããå°åã®æ¿æ²»ã«ä»å ¥ããŠãäžåœäººããã®è¡ã«äœã¿ãããããã«å€ããŠãããäœãè»äººã«ããæŠåšã®æ»æãªã©ãªããŠããåœã¯ä¹ã£åããã®ã ãšèšããã°ããã®æŠæ³ãä»ãåã£ãŠããŸãã
ãã®å±æ©ãèªèããŠãã¢ã¡ãªã«ã¯æè¡ãå®ãæ³åŸãäœã£ããããŠããäžæ¹ã§ãæ¥æ¬ã¯ãããµã€ã«ãèœã¡ãŠãªãã倧äžå€«ããšå¹³åãã±ããé ã§ãäœãããããããã£ã±ãªããªã®ã§ããããããä»ãæ¥æ¬ã«ããäžåœäººãã¡ããã€ãžã£ãã¯ãããŠæ±äº¬ã«ãããã«ãçç ŽããããšããŠãããšããŠãæ¢ããã©ãããæ°ã¥ãããšããã§ããªããããããŸããã
ãšããšãäžåœãåãåºããâŠã³ãããŠã€ã«ã¹ãçšãããè¶
éæŠã
ä»ãã¢ã¡ãªã«ã¯ãããããã³ãããŠã€ã«ã¹ã®åºæã確ãããããšèºèµ·ã«ãªã£ãŠããŸããããããäžåœããã®ãŠã€ã«ã¹ãã°ããŸããããããªããããšçã£ãŠããŸã蚌æ ã¯æ°å€ããããŸããâŠ
倧äºãªããšã¯ãããçå®ã ãšããŠãããã§ã¯ãªããšããŠãã
ãäžåœãè¶
éæŠãšããæŠç¥ãæ²ããŠãã以äžããããã£ãâäœã§ãã¢ãªâãªããšãããã ããããšç¥ã£ãŠãããªããŠã¯ãæµæããã§ããªãããšããããšã§ãã
äžçã§äžçªãäžåœã®å±æ©ãèªèããŠããåœ
çŸåšãäžçã®èŠæš©ãäºã£ãŠããã¢ã¡ãªã«ãããæ·±ããäžåœã®å±æ©ãèªèããŠããåœããããŸããããããå°æ¹Ÿãå°æ¹Ÿã¯æŠåŸããä»æ¥ã«è³ããŸã§ãäžåœãšãã倧åœã®è åšã«åžžã«ãããããŠããŸããã人å£ã¯äžåœã®50åã®1以äžãé¢ç©ãªããŠããã0.3%
å°æ¹Ÿã®ããšããæ žå¿çå©çããšåŒã³ãã©ãããŠãæ¯é ããããäžåœããããªåœããå°æ¹Ÿãèªããå®ã£ãŠæ¥ãããçç±ã¯ãã äžã€ã圌ããäžçªãäžåœã®åãæŠç¥ãææ³ã匱ç¹ãç¥ã£ãŠããããã§ãã
ãããŠä»åãäžåœã«æ»æããç¶ããŠããå°æ¹Ÿããèªã¿è§£ããæžç±ãè¶
éæŠãã«ã€ããŠããŸãããã®èè
ã2020幎ã«ã¡ãã£ã¢ã«ãŠæ®ããç匟çºèšãªã©âŠä»åŸãæ¥æ¬ã«è¿«ãäžåœãšãã倧ããªè
åšãæ£ããèŠæ¥µããããã®æ
å ±ããŸãšããã®ãããã¡ãã®æžç±ãäžåœè»ã®ææ°æŠç¥ãã§ãã
ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»
å¬è¯ïŒããããããïŒãšç æ¹ ç©ïŒãã ãããããïŒã®2人ã®ç©ºè»å€§äœããè¶
éæŠããšããæŠç¥æ¬ãåºçããã®ã¯1999幎ã®ããšã§ãã£ããè¶
éæŠãšããã®ã¯ããã¹ãŠã®å«ççã»é埳çèŠç¯ã«æçžãããã«ãæŠäºã«åã€ããã«ã¯äœã§ããããšãããæãã¹ãèãæ¹ã§ãããè¶
éæŠã¯ã人é掻åã®ããããåéãæŠå Žã«ãããšå®£èšããŠããã
ãããŠããã¯çŽç¶ããæŠäºã§ããçŽç¶ããå¹³åã§ããªãããã®éã®ã°ã¬ãŒãŸãŒã³ãå©çšããŠè¡ãªãæŠäºã§ãããããããŠæŠäºã®æ¬è³ªã¯ãæµåœ(çžæ)ãèªãã®æå¿ã«åŸãããããšã§ããããã®è«ãçºè¡šãããçŽåŸãåœæãçè
ã客å¡ææãåããææ®å€§åŠå
ã§ç§çãªç 究ã°ã«ãŒããããããããã®ç 究ææã¯å°å·ãããã¬ããŒããšãªãæ®ã£ãŠããããã®ç 究ã°ã«ãŒãã«åå ãããŠé ããçè
ã¯ããã¡æ©ãè¶
éæŠãšããäžåœå
񇜆
ããã£ãŠããæãã¹ãæŠç¥ã»æŠè¡ãç¥ãããšãã§ããã
ç 究äŒã§ã¯ãç±³è»ãæå±ããOTW(Other Than War)ãšããã³ã³ã»ãããšè¶
éæŠã®æ¯èŒç 究ã ãªããããOTWãšã¯ãæŠäºã®ããã§ããŠæŠäºã§ãªãç¶æ
ããæŠäºã§ãªãããã§ãã£ãŠãæŠäºã§ãã ç¶æ
ããã€ãŸãå¹³åãšæŠäºã®éã®ã°ã¬ãŒãŸãŒã³ã§æŠãããäºãã®ããšã§ãããOTWã«ã¯åé埳çã»åå«ççãªæå³åãã¯ãªãããè¶
éæŠãšã®æ¯èŒç 究ã¯æ¥µããŠèå³æ·±ããã®ã§ãã£ãããã®æ¯èŒç 究ã«ãã£ãŠãç±³äžäž¡åœã®æŠç¥è«ã»æŠè¡è«ã®ææ°ãªæ¯èŒå¯Ÿç
§ãå¯èœãšãªã£ãã
ãè¶
éæŠãã¯åºçåŸãããã«ã¯åœéç泚ç®ã济ã³ãããšã¯ãªãã£ããããã¡æ©ã泚ç®ããã®ãç±³åœé²ç·çã§ãã£ããåœé²ç·çå
ã§ã¯ãéå
¬éã§ç¿»èš³ãäœãããã¡æ©ããã®å±éºãªæŠç¥ææ³ã«å¯Ÿããæ€èšãè¡ãªãããããã®äžå¿ãšãªã£ãã®ã¯ãããã»ã¢ã»ã¹ã¡ã³ãã»ãªãã£ã¹ã§ãã£ããšèããŠããã
è¶
éæŠã®èè
ã®1人ãå¬è¯ã»ãã£ã€ãåœé²å€§ææ(空è»å°å°)ã®å°æ¹Ÿåé¡ã«é¢ããçºèšãã詳现ã«åæã»è§£èª¬ããŠãããæ建è¯ããã¯ãé·å¹Žæ¥æ¬ã«åšäœããå°æ¹Ÿäººå»åž«ã§ãããå°æ¹Ÿå»ºåœç¬ç«éåã®é士ã§ããããããã°ä»åã¯ãå°æ¹Ÿã®ã€ã³ããªãžã§ã³ã¹ã®ããŒã¹ãã¯ãã£ã(èŠç¹)ãéããŠèŠããå¬è¯çºèšã®åæã§ããã
çŸåšã®å°æ¹Ÿã¯æããã察ãã£ã€ãã»ã€ã³ããªãžã§ã³ã¹ã«ãããŠã¯äžçäžã§ããããèªåœã®å亡ãããã£ãåé¡ã ãã«ãäžåœå
񇜆
å
éšã®åãããã£ã€ãåœå
ã®ååã«é¢ããŠã¯ãå°æ¹Ÿã¯ãã£ãšãææã§ããã
2019幎æ«ã«åçºããæŠæŒ¢ã³ããã»ãŠã£ã«ã¹ææçã«é¢ããŠããè¡è±ææ¿æš©ã¯ãã¡æ©ããã®å®æ
ãææ¡ãããã€ã«ç確ãªå¯Ÿçãå®æœããããã®ãããå°æ¹Ÿã§ã¯ã»ãšãã©ãæŠæŒ¢ã³ããã»ãŠã£ã«ã¹ã®è¢«å®³è
ãåºããã«å±æ©ãä¹ãåãããšãã§ãããã²ãšãã«åªããå°æ¹Ÿã€ã³ããªãžã§ã³ã¹æŽ»åã®ææãšèšããã
ä»åã¯å°æ¹Ÿäººæ¿æ²»æŽ»å家ãšããŠããã£ã€ãã«æãéãåæã®ç®ãåããŠããæ建è¯ããã«å¬è¯çºèš ã®æå³ãããšãããååã«è§£èª¬ããŠããã ãããæããã®åæåã¯æ矀ã§ãããé©ç°çã§ããããã å¬è¯ã¯ãè¶
éæŠãã®èè
ã§ããããã£ã€ãã®æŠç¥å®¶ã§ããããã圌ã®çºèšããã®ãŸãŸçŽ çŽã«åã åã£ãŠã¯ãããªãã圌ã®çºèšã®çã«æå³ãããšããããæ
éã«æ€èšããªããã°ãªããªãã®ã§ããã
ã©ããåã§ã©ããæ¬åœããèŠæããªããã°ãªããªãã圌ã®çºèšèªäœããå€åœäººããã¶ãããè¶
éæŠã§ãããã®ã ããããã£ãããšãåæã«ããŠãªããã詳现ãªåæã®çµæãæ¬æžã§ãããçŸåšã®æ¥æ¬äººã誀ãããšãªãããã£ã€ãã®è
åšã«å¯ŸæããŠãæ¥æ¬ã®èªç±ã»å¹³åã»ç¬ç«ã»ç¹æ ãå®ãããã«ãæ¬æžã®ææãçããããããšãåã«æãã§ããã
ãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒ
ãªããå°æ¹Ÿãç¥ããšäžçãèŠããã®ã§ãããã? ãªããå°æ¹Ÿã®çå®ãç¥ããªããšæãªã®ã§ãããã?
ãŸããåºå®ãããèŠéããã£ãŠããæ¥æ¬äººã«ãšã£ãŠãå°æ¹Ÿãç¥ãã ãšã¯ãå³ããäžçã®åœéé¢ä¿ãç¥ãããã«ã±ã«ãªããŸãã å°æ¹Ÿãšããå°åœããäžè¯äººæ°å
±ååœããšãã巚倧ãªåžåœã«èããã ãŠããçŸå®ãèŠããšãããããçŸä»£ã®éé
·ãªåœéé¢ä¿ã®ãã¯ãŒã»ã㪠ãã£ãã¯ã¹ã®çŸå®ãèŠããŠããŸãã ãããŠå®ã¯ããã£ã€ããçã£ãŠããç²ç©ã®ç¬¬1ãå°æ¹Ÿã§ãããç²ç© ã®ç¬¬2ã®ã¿ãŒã²ãããæ¥æ¬ã§ãããšããããšãåããã®ã§ãã
第2ã«å°æ¹Ÿã®æŽå²ãç¥ããšãæ¥æ¬ã®æŽå²ã«ã€ããŠèªç±ã«ã¢ããèã ãããããã«ãªããŸããæ¥æ¬å眪å²èŠ³ãã解æŸãããŠãæ治以æ¥ã®æ¥ æ¬ããšã£ãŠããå€äº€æ¿çãåœçã®æ£ãããç解ã§ããããã«ãªãã®ã§ ããå°æ¹Ÿäººèªèº«ã®æŽå²ã®èšŒèšãèãããšã«ãã£ãŠãæŠåã®æ¥æ¬å€äº€ ãããã«çã£åœãªãã®ã§ãã£ãããç解ããããšãã§ããŸãã
å°æ¹ŸãéããŠçŸåšã®äžçãç¥ããçå®ã®æŽå²ãç¥ãããšãã§ããã ã€ãŸããå°æ¹Ÿããšããé¡ã«æ¥æ¬ãæ ããšããæ¥æ¬ã®æ¬åœã®å§¿ããèŠã ãŠããã®ã§ãã
èšãæããã°ãå°æ¹Ÿã¯äžã«æµã åžãµ ããŠããåæ¥ææ³ãåæ¥æŽå²èŠ³ãžã® æè¯ã®è§£æ¯å€ãªã®ã§ãã
å®ã¯ããã¯çè
ã® 1 人ã§ããç§ã®äœéšãããšããã§ããããŸãã å°æ¹ŸãéããŠãããéãããæŽå²èŠ³ãçŸç¶èªèããã€ããšãã§ããã ãã®çœå¿«æãããªãã«ããã²ãäœéšããŠã»ãããšæããŸããã
ãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒ
ãäžçå倧ææã説ã®ç¥ããããèµ·æºâŠ
ãäžçã®å倧ææã¯ïŒããšèãããããããªãã¯ã©ãçããŸããïŒ ãããããããªãã®æ¥æ¬äººãããšãžããææãã¡ãœãã¿ãã¢ææãã€ã³ãã¹ææãé»æ²³ææããšçããã§ãããããªããªããäžåŠã®æŽå²æç§æžã§ããæããŠããããã§ãã
ããããããå倧ææã説ã«ãåŠåçæ ¹æ ã¯ç¡ãããšèšãåã£ãæ¹ãããŸãããããã»ã»æ±å倧åŠåèªææã®ç°äžè±éæ°ã§ãããã®æ ¹æ ãåŒçšãããšã»ã»

ãå倧ææãã¯æ¢åè¶
ïŒ1873ïœ1927)ãšããäžåœäººãå±ãããã®ããã®äººã¯æŽå²å®¶ã§ã¯ãªãããã ã®ãžã£ãŒããªã¹ãã§ããæ¿æ²»å®¶ã§ãããããªåœŒãã20äžçŽå€ªå¹³æŽæã(1900幎)ãšèšãè©©ã§è§Šãããã®ã«éãããæ¥æ¬ã§å®èª¬ã«ãªã£ãŠãããäžçå倧ææãã«ã¯åŠåçãªæ ¹æ ã¯ç¡ãã®ã§ãã
æ¥æž
æŠäº(1894ïœ1895幎)ã§æããåŸãæ¢åè¶
ã¯æ¥æ¬ã«äº¡åœãäžåœã®è¿ä»£åãç®æããæ¥æ¬ã«åŠã³ãèšè«æŽ»åãå±éããŸãããããããäžã§åœŒã¯äžåœã奮ãç«ãããããã«ãå倧ææãããããããããã«ãé»æ²³ææããå
¥ããã®ã§ãã
 ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄

ãããã人ç©ã®ãæèŠããæ¥æ¬ã§ãå®èª¬ãã®ããã«åãäžããããšèªäœãããããã®ã§ããã»ã»ã»ããã«ãããæ¥æ¬ã¯ãå倧ææãã§ããäžåœã®ææçåŸå±åœã ãšããèªèãå€ãã®æ¥æ¬äººããã£ãŠããŸã£ãã®ã§ãã
 ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄
ïŒ [ãŠãã€äººåŽèŒªããã£ã! æ¥æ¬å²ãå€ãã30ã®æ°çºèŠ] ç°äžè±éïŒè²éµ¬ç€ŸããäžéšåŒçš ïŒ
äžåœå€§éžãæé®®å島ã§äœãããæŽå²ã®ãããã¬ã³ãã§èªèå²èŠ³ã«é¥ã⊠ããã¯ããå京倧è殺ãããåŸè»æ °å®å©Šãã«ãã£ãŠãç§ãã¡ãæŠåŸãåžžã«è¬çœªããããããŠããã®ãšåãæ§é ã§ã¯ãªãã§ããããâŠ
ãããããã®äžæ¹ã§ããå²å®ããã¡ããšçŽè§£ãã°âŠ æ¥æ¬ã«ã¯äžåœã«åããšãå£ããªããç¬èªã®å倧ãªæåããã£ããšç°äžææã¯èšããŸãã
ïœæåéºç£ãèªã¿è§£ãã°ãæ¥æ¬ã®ãæ¥æ¬äººã®èµ·æºããããïœ
äžåœããäŒãã£ãæç®ã ãã§ã¯ãªããç¥ç€Ÿãéºè·¡ãååšãåå¶ãªã©ãæ¥æ¬åå°ã«æ®ãããæ§ã
ãªæåéºç£ãçŽè§£ãããããæç®ãšç
§ããåãããããšã§ãæ¥æ¬ã®å€ä»£å²ã®è¬ãæ¥æ¬ç¥è©±ã®è¬ãããèªã¿è§£ããããã«ãªããçŸè¡å²ç 究ã®ããã¯ã°ã©ãŠã³ããæŠåšã«ãããç¬èªã®ç 究ææ³ã«ãã£ãŠãç°äžææã¯ãããŸã§é説ãèŠãè«æãå€æ°çºè¡šããŠããŸããã
âãæ¥æ¬ã«ã¯ææããªãã£ããããèšãããããšããããããããªããšã¯ããããªããéºè·¡ãçŽè§£ãã°ãæ¥æ¬æåã®åœå®¶ãã€ããæ¿æš©ãããããå匥åŒããããšãããæ代ãããé¥ãæãããæ¥æ¬ã§ã¯é«åºŠãªææãæ ããŠããããã®äžå¿ã¯ãé¢æ±ã»æ±åã§ãããããã«ã¯å€§ããªâåœâããã£ãã®ã ãã
äºå®ãäžçã§ã¯æ®éã西欧ã»æ±æ£æäŒã»ã©ãã³ã¢ã¡ãªã«ã»ãã³ãã¥ãŒã»ã¢ããªã«ã»ã€ã¹ã©ã ã»äžè¯ã»æ¥æ¬ææããããå «ã€ã®å°åãäžçã代衚ããææã®çºç¥¥å°ãšãããäžçå «å€§ææã説ïŒãææã®è¡çªããµãã¥ãšã«ã»ãã³ãã³ãã³ãæå±ïŒãäžè¬çã«æããããŠãããéºè·¡ãèªã¿è§£ãã°æçœã ãããäžçå倧ææããšããã®ã¯å šãæ ¹æ ã®ãªãå 容ã§ãããåŠè¡ç䟡å€ã¯ç¡ãããå倧ææããæããŠããã®ã¯æ¥æ¬ã ãã§ããã
ãã ã®æç®ã ãã«é Œãããå 人ãã¡ãéºããç¥ç€Ÿããæåéºç£ãäžå¯§ã«èªã¿è§£ãã°ã»ã»
ãªãæ§ç³åšæ代ã®éºè·¡ã¯é¢æ±ã»æ±åå°æ¹ã«éäžããŠããã®ãïŒ
çžææ代ã®äººã
ã¯ãèãé«ããé¡ã®åœ«ããæ·±ããã¢ãžã¢ç³»ã§ã¯ãªãéªšæ Œãªã®ãïŒ
æ¥æ¬ã«å®äœããŠãã人ã
ã¯ã©ããªæ°æã ã£ãã®ãïŒãã®ã«ãŒãã¯ãã£ããã©ããªã®ãïŒ
ãããªãæ¥æ¬ã ãã«ãšã©ãŸãããäžççãªèŠç¹ãããç§ãã¡ã®ç¥å
ãçŽè§£ãããšã ã£ãŠã§ããããšâŠâ
ãã®ãããªããšãç¡èŠãããæŠåŸã®å·Šç¿Œã»ãã«ã¯ã¹äž»çŸ©ã«æãŸã£ãåŸæ¥ã®æŽå²èŠ³ãæç®ã ãã®çãç 究ãè延ãäžã§ã¯ãæ¥æ¬ãšããåœã®æ¬åœã®å§¿ã¯ããªããªãèŠããŠæ¥ãªãâŠ
ãã®çµæãåäŸã®é ãããæ¥æ¬ã¯é ããŠããããšåŠæ ¡ã§æããããã ã®å¹Žå·ãåºæ¥äºãèŠããã ãã®æŽå²ã«å šãé¢çœããæãããããèªåœã®æŽå²ã«èå³ãæããªãâŠ
æ¬åœã®ããšãç¥ãã°ãæ¥æ¬ã»ã©ç¥ç§çã§ãŠããŒã¯ãªæŽå²ãæã€åœã倩çãäžå¿ã«ãèã
ãšæåã»äŒçµ±ãåãç¶ãããŠããåœã¯ä»ã«ãªãã®ã«ããã®çŽ æŽãããã«æ°ä»ãããšãã§ããªã⊠ãããªç¶æ³ã§ã¯ãåœç¶ãªããå€ãã®æ¥æ¬äººãèªåœã«èªããæã€ããšã¯é£ããã§ãããã
ãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒ
ãäžçã®ïŒå€§ææãã¯äžåœäººã®ãããã¬ã³ã ã ã£ãïŒ
ãªããšããäžçã®ïŒå€§ææãã¯ã¡ãããšããæŽå²åŠè ãå±ããããã§ã¯ãªãããã ã®ãžã£ãŒããªã¹ãã»æ¿æ²»å®¶ã§ããäžåœäººããããã¬ã³ããšããŠèšã£ãããšã ã£ãâŒïž
ã¡ã«ãã¬ãJOG-Mag No.1144 ç°äžè±éææã®ãæ¥æ¬å²ãæ£ããæŠãããã転èŒã
ð
â â Japan On the Globe(1144)â â åœé掟æ¥æ¬äººé€æè¬åº§ â â
å°çå²æ¢èšª: ç°äžè±éææã®ãæ¥æ¬å²ãæ£ããæŠã
ãçžæææãé«å€©åããŠãã€äººåŽèŒªãããç°äžè±éã»æ±å倧åŠåèªææã®æ¢åã®æŽå²åŠãšã®æŠãã
â ïŒïŒãäžçã®ïŒå€§ææãã¯äžåœäººã®ãããã¬ã³ã
ãäžçã®å倧ææã¯ïŒããšèãããããããªãã®äººãããšãžããææãã¡ãœãã¿ãã¢ææãã€ã³ãã¹ææãé»æ²³ææããšçããã ãããäžåŠã®æŽå²æç§æžã§ããæããŠããããã ãããããå倧ææã説ã«ã¯ãåŠåçæ ¹æ ã¯ç¡ãããšç°äžç§éã»æ±å倧åŠåèªææã¯ææ°åããŠãã€äººåŽèŒªããã£ã! æ¥æ¬å²ãå€ãã30ã®æ°çºèŠã[1]ã§æèšããã

ãããããã®ãå倧ææãã¯æ¢åè¶
ïŒ1873ïœ1927)ãšããäžåœäººãå±ãããã®ã§åŠè¡çæ ¹æ ã¯ãããŸããããžã£ãŒããªã¹ãã§ããæ¿æ²»å®¶ã§ãã£ãæ¢åè¶
ããã20äžçŽå€ªå¹³æŽæã(1900幎)ãšèšãè©©ã§è§Šãããã®ã«éããŸãããæ¥æ¬ã§å®èª¬ã«ãªã£ãŠãããäžçå倧ææãã«ã¯åŠåçãªæ ¹æ ã¯ç¡ãã®ã§ãã
ãæ¥æž
æŠäº(1894ïœ1895幎)ã§æããåŸãæ¢åè¶
ã¯æ¥æ¬ã«äº¡åœãäžåœã®è¿ä»£åãç®æããæ¥æ¬ã«åŠã³ãèšè«æŽ»åãå±éããŸãããããããäžã§åœŒã¯äžåœã奮ãç«ãããããã«ãå倧ææãããããããããã«ãé»æ²³ææããå
¥ããã®ã§ãã[1, p13]
 ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄
ããªãã®äºã¯ãªãããå倧ææããšã¯æŽå²å®¶ã§ããªããžã£ãŒããªã¹ãã»æ¿æ²»å®¶ã®äžåœäººãæ¿æ²»çãããã¬ã³ããšããŠèšãåºãããã®ã«éããªããšèšãã®ã§ããã

ããããã人ç©ã®ãæèŠããæ¥æ¬ã§ãå®èª¬ãã®ããã«åãäžããããšèªäœãããããã®ã§ããã»ã»ã»æ¥æ¬ã¯ãå倧ææãã§ããäžåœã®ææçåŸå±åœã§ãããšãããããªèªèãå€ãã®æ¥æ¬äººããã£ãŠããŸã£ãã®ã§ãã[1, p15]
 ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄
ã倧éžãå島ã§äœãããæŽå²ãããã¬ã³ãã§èªèå²èŠ³ã«é¥ãããšããã®ã¯ããå京倧è殺ãããåŸè»æ °å®å©Šããšåãæ§é ã§ã¯ãªãããçŸåšã®æŽå²åŠã®æªã¿ã端çã«çŸããšããœãŒãã§ããã
â ïŒïŒæ¥æ¬ç¬èªã®çžæææ
ãäžåœã®ææçåŸå±åœããšããèªèçèªç»åãæã¡ç ããã®ããè¿å¹Žãæããã«ãªã£ãŠããçžæææã®å®åã§ããã

ãä»ã®ææã§ã¯ãå°ãªããšãä¹å幎ããããã¯å
«å幎以åã¯ãã¹ãŠç³åšæ代ãšåŒã°ããŠããŸãããšãããæ¥æ¬ã§ã¯ããã§ã«äžäžå
åäºçŸå¹Žããããã¯ãã£ãšåã«çžæææãšèšãç¹æ®ãªææšãæã£ãŠããã®ã§ãã[1, p17]
 ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄
ãçžæææã®ä»£è¡šçãªéºè·¡ããé森çã®äžå äžžå±±éºè·¡ã§ãããç°äžææã¯ããã解説ããã

ãäžå±±å
äžžå±±ã®åºå€§ãªéºè·¡ã¯çŽåããã¯ã¿ãŒã«ã®ç¯å²ã«åºãã£ãŠããŸããç¥ç¥çšã®éäŒå ŽãšããŠäœ¿ããããšèãããã倧åéäŒå Žã建èšãããã倪éœä¿¡ä»°ããè¡šããšèãããããçŽåŸäžã¡ãŒãã«ã«åã¶å€ªãå
æ¬ã®æ±ã§é«ãå¡ã建ãŠãããŠããŸããããã®ã»ãã倧å竪穎äœå±
ãåæ£ä»¥äžãããåºå Žããã£ãŠãçŽäžçŸå
«åè»ã«ãããã¶äœå±
è·¡ã¯ãæ©èœçã«é
眮ãããŠããŸããã
人å£ãäœå±
è·¡æ°ããæšæž¬ãããšäžå人ã¯ããã§ããããé«åºåŒå庫ããããéè·¯ãèšç»çã«å»ºèšãããŠããŸããã»ã»ã»
ãã¯ãªãåžžé£ãšããŠãããéå®ããããšãããæ œå¹ãããŠããããšãããããŸãããã¯ãªãã¯ã«ããªã©ã®å
æé¡ãããã«ãã¡ããŽããŠããšãŽãããã§ãŠã¿ã³ãªã©ãæ œå¹ãããŠããããšãããã£ãŠããŸããã»ã»ã»ãŸãé»æç³ãç¥ç(ãã¯ã)ãæŒåšãç¿¡ç¿ (ã²ãã)ãªã©ãåºåããŠãããåå°ãšã®äº€æããã£ãããšãããããŸãã[1, p17]
 ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄
ãïŒäžïŒåïŒçŸå¹Žä»¥äžåã«ããã ãé²ãã æ¥æ¬ç¬èªã®çžæææããã£ãäºãå€ã£ã以äžãããããïŒãïŒå幎åã®ãäžåœã®ææçåŸå±åœããšããèªç»åã¯æžãæããããªããã°ãªããªãã[a]
â ïŒïŒãé«å€©åãç¥è©±ã«ã¯çžæã»åŒ¥çæ代ã®èšæ¶ãåæ ããŠãã
ãç°äžææã¯ãå€äºèšã»æ¥æ¬æžçŽã§èªããããé«å€©å(ãããŸãã¯ã)ãã«ã€ããŠããæ¢åã®æŽå²åŠèª¬ãããæ¹å€ããã

ãé«å€©åã¯ç¥è©±ã®äžçã®è©±ã§ãåçŽæ¹åã«å€©ãæ³å®ããŠèããããåœãšãããŠããŸãããããã°éçŸå®çãªãã£ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã«éãããç¹ã«æŠåŸã«ãªããšé«å€©åã¯å¹»æ³ã§ãããšããŠç¡èŠãããŠããŸããã
ãŸãããèšçŽãã«ã€ããŠããã倩æŠå€©çãæ統倩çããããŠè€å家ã«ãã£ãŠãé«å€©åã«å€©çã®ç¥å
ã§ããççæµå°(ã«ã«ãã®ã¿ããš)ã倩å«éèšãããåã«å€ãã®ç¥ã
ããããšæžãããšã§å€©ç家ã®æ£çµ±æ§ã瀺ãæ ¹æ ãšããããã«æé ããããã®ããšèšãããŠããŸããã
ããããç§ã¯ãé«å€©åã®ç©èªã¯åãªãå¹»æ³ãäœã話ã§ã¯ãªããçžæã»åŒ¥çæ代ã®èšæ¶ãããšã«ã€ãããã話ã ãšèããŠããŸãã[1, p47]
 ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄
ãç°äžææã¯ãçžææ代ã®æ¥æ¬ã«ã¯é¢æ±ãæ±åãäžå¿ã«å€ãã®æèœãå ±éã®ç¥éä¿¡ä»°ã»æåã§çµã°ãããããããªç¥ç¥åœå®¶ãæ¥é«èŠåœïŒã²ããã¿ã®ãã«ïŒãããããããã倧åæå»·ã®å身ã ã£ãããèšçŽãã®ãé«å€©åãèšè¿°ã¯ããã®æ¥é«èŠåœãç¥è©±åãããã®ããšããåŠèª¬ãå±ããŠããããã®æ ¹æ ãšããŠã以äžãæããããŠããã[b]
ã»çžææ代ã®éºè·¡ã®ïŒïŒïŒ
以äžã¯é¢æ±ã»æ±åã«éäžããŠããã
ã»ç¹ã«é¹¿å³¶å°æ¹(èšåç鹿島åž)ã§ã¯ïŒïŒïŒå幎åã®çžæåæããã®ååšãéºè·¡ãå€æ°èŠã€ãã£ãŠããã
ã»æ±æžæ代ãŸã§ã®å€©ç家ã«é¢ä¿ããç¥å®®ã¯ïŒã€ã ãã§ããããã®äžã€ãäŒå¢ã®ç¥å®®ããã¯ããã«å€ã鹿島ç¥å®®ãéŠåç¥å®®ãäºã€ãšãåžžéž(ã²ãã¡)ã®åœã«ããã
ã»é¹¿å³¶ç¥å®®ã«ç¥ãããŠãã建埡é·ç¥ïŒããã¿ãã¥ã¡ã®ãã¿ïŒã¯ããé«å€©åãã«æã£ãæåã®é åäžç¥ã®äžæ±ã§ããã倩ç
§å€§ç¥ãããå
ã«çãŸããŠããã
ã»ãæ¥æ¬æžçŽããåžžéžåœé¢šåèšããªã©ã«ããã®å°æ¹ã«ãæ¥é«èŠ(ã²ã ãã¿)åœããšåŒã°ããåœããã£ãäºãèšãããŠããã
ãèšçŽã«æžããããé«å€©åãããå¹»æ³ããšããã倩ç家ã®æ£çµ±æ§ã瀺ãæ ¹æ ãšããããã«æé ããããã®ããšæå®ããããã«ã¯ãããããæ°ã ã®æ ¹æ ãåŠå®ããªããã°ãªããªããããããåŠåçåªåãããæŽå²ç 究è ã¯ããªãããã§ããã
â ïŒïŒãŠãã€äººãå€ä»£æ¥æ¬ã«æ§ã
ãªæè¡ãããããã
ãåŸæ¥ã®æŽå²åŠã§ã¯ãçžæææãæ¥é«èŠåœãªã©æ¥æ¬åºæã®ææãç¡èŠããŠãæé®®ãäžåœãããã£ãŠããæž¡æ¥äººã«ãã£ãŠãææããããããããã®ããã«èšè¿°ããŠããããã®ç¹ãç°äžææã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«èšãã

ããããŸã§ãæ¥æ¬ã®æŽå²åŠã§ããåž°å人ãããã¯æž¡æ¥äººãšåŒã°ãã人ãã¡ãæ¥æ¬ã«ãã£ãŠããŠããããšèšãå Žåããã£ã±ãæé®®å島ãããã£ãŠãã人ãã¡ã®ããšãæããŠããŸããã
ãã€ãŸãããæé®®å島ããæ¥ã人ãã¡ãããã¯äžåœãã人ãã¡ã«ãã£ãŠæ¥æ¬ã¯äœãããããšèšããããªèãæ¹ããããŠããã®ã§ãã[1, p84]
 ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄
ãããããããããã«ãŠãã€äººãšããæããªãåŽèŒªãèŠã€ãã£ãŠããã®ãèãæ¹ãã倧ããæºããããŠããã

ãåŽèŒªã®äžã«ã¯ãç°åžžã«éŒ»ãé«ã人ç©åŽèŒªããããé£é³¥æ代以éã®æ¥æ¬äººã®å§¿ãšããŸãã«ãç°ãªã£ãŠããŸããç¹æ®ãªå ãåº(ã²ãã)ã®ããåžœåããã¶ããè³å
ã«ã¯é¬¢(ã³ã)ãã€ãŸãçŸè±è¯(ã¿ãã)ãã€ããŠãããé¡é«(ããã²ã)ãã¯ãããŠããŸããããã¯ã€ãŸããæ¥æ¬ã®å€å¢³æ代ã«ãŠãã€ç³»ã®äººã
ãããããšã端çã«ç€ºããŠããããããã£ãç¹åŸŽãæã€äººç©åŽèŒªã¯ãåèçãèšåçãªã©äž»ã«é¢æ±ã§çºæãããŠããŸãã[1, p76]
 ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄
ãåŽèŒªã ãã§ãªãããç¥ç€Ÿã®æ§é ã«ããŠãã€äººã®åœ±é¿ãèŠãããããšã¯[c]ã§ææããéãã§ããã

ãæ¥æ¬ã«æž¡ã£ãŠãããŠãã€ç³»ã®äººã
ããæ©ç¹ãã®æè¡ãçµ¹ã®çç£æè¡ããããã¯èŸ²æ¥æè¡ãçæŒæœèšã®å»ºèšæè¡ããããŠãå€å¢³ãäœãåæšæè¡ãªã©ãæã£ãŠãããšèããããŸãããããã¯äžåœãæé®®ã«ã¯ãªãæè¡ã ããã§ãã
ãåæã«åœŒãã¯æ¥æ¬ã«æž¡ã£ãŠããéäžã§å
¥æããã¢ãžã¢åå°ã§ã®æè¡ãç©åããããããŸããããããã倩平æ代ãïŒäžçŽäžé ã«å§ãŸã£ããæ£åé¢å®ç©ãã«ããªãäžåœã»æé®®ã®ãã®ãããäžå€®ã¢ãžã¢ãããã«ã·ã£ã«è³ãåºãå°åã®æ§ã
ãªè£
食åãç©ã®æ¹ãå€ãåããããŠããã®ãããšããããšã®çç±ãšæãããŸãã[1, p90]
 ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄
ããã®çºèŠã¯ãæé®®å島ããæ¥ã人ãã¡ãããã¯äžåœãã人ãã¡ã«ãã£ãŠæ¥æ¬ã¯äœãããããšããèãæ¹ãèŠããã®ã§ããã
â ïŒïŒè埳倪åã®ä»æå°å
¥ã®æ±ºæã®åŸãæ¥æ¬ã®èžè¡ãçãŸãã
ãæ¥æ¬æžçŽãã«ã¯ããæ³é寺ã670幎ã«çŒããããšããèšè¿°ãããããããããä»ããæ³é寺ã¯çŒããããšã«å»ºã£ãããšèãã人ã倧å¢ããã

ãçŸåšããæ³é寺ãå建ããããã®ãªããçŒããåã«ãã£ãæ³é寺ãè埳倪åã建ç«ãããã©ããããããªããããã«èšãã°ããæ¥æ¬æžçŽã«æžãããŠããäºèªäœãçããããããè埳倪åãå®åšããŠãããã©ããããããªãããšããåŠè
ãå°ãªããããŸããã
ãããããè埳倪åäžåšèª¬ãæŠåŸã®æŽå²åŠã®ææã®ããã«èšã£ãŠãã人ãã¡ãããŸãããæ¥æ¬æžçŽããå€äºèšããè³ææ¹å€ã®èŠ³ç¹ããç 究ããããèšçŽãã¯å€©ç家ãã€ãŸã倩æŠå€©çãšè€å家ãèªåãã¡ã®æš©åãå®ãããã«äœãäžãããã®ããšããèªèãæã€äººãã¡ã§ãã[1, p107]
 ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄
ãããããæš¹æšã®å¹ŽèŒªãã幎代ã枬å®ããæ£ç¢ºãªæ¹æ³ã«ãã£ãŠãæ³é寺äºéå¡ã®äžå¿ã«ç«ãŠãããŠããå¿æ±ã¯æšå€å€©çïŒ(594)幎ãããªãã¡è埳倪åãææ¿ããããŠããæã®ãã®ã§ããäºãæããã«ãªã£ããçŒããã®ã¯æ³é寺ã®ãã°ã®è¥è䌜è(ããã)ãšãã建ç©ã§ãçŸåšæã ãèŠãŠããæ³é寺ã¯ãè埳倪åã建ãŠããã®ã§ããããšã¯ãŸã¡ãããªãã

ãè埳倪åã¯ãæ¥æ¬äººã«ãšã£ãŠç¥éãšããå
±åå®æã ãã§ã¯äžååã§ãå人å®æã®ä»æãåãå
¥ããã¹ãã ããšãèãã«ãªããŸãããããã§ä»åãæã粟ç¥ãå°å
¥ããã®ã§ãã
ãè埳倪åã®ãã®æ±ºæã®åŸãæ¥æ¬ã®èžè¡ãçãŸããŸãããåŽèŒªãšä»åã®å·®ãèŠãã°ãããã¯æããã§ããå
±åã®ç¥éã®é¢šåã®äžã§ãå人ã®ææ
ãšç²Ÿç¥ã«ãããèžè¡ãè¡šçŸãããã®ã§ãã
ãäžèéãããæºæ°ç©èªãããå人ã®ææ
ãšç²Ÿç¥ãããããåè¿°ãããã®ã§ããä¿®è¡äžã®è©è©åã«ããæããå倩çåã«ããããèŠãããŸãã
ãè埳倪åã¯ããªãã£ãããšèšã人ãã¡ã¯ããããæ¥æ¬ã®èžè¡ããåŠå®ããããšã«ãªãã®ã§ããããããã«ééã£ãèãããšããããšãããããŸãã
ãè埳倪åã¯æ¥æ¬äººã«åã
ã®ææ
ãšç²Ÿç¥ãè¡šçŸãããããã«ããã®ã§ãã[1, p112]
 ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄
â ïŒïŒãæ¥æ¬ã®ãã±ã©ã³ãžã§ããåœäžé£å ¬éº»å
ãè埳倪åãå°å ¥ã決æããä»æãè±éããã®ã¯ã第ïŒïŒä»£èæŠå€©çã«ããå¥è¯ã»æ±å€§å¯ºã®å€§ä»(ç§èé£ä»)ã建ç«ãããæã ããã倧ä»å»ºç«ã®åæ©ãèæŠå€©çã¯è©(ã¿ããšã®ã)ã®äžã§æ¬¡ã®ããã«è¿°ã¹ãããŠããã

ãæã®å¿ã¯åºã人æ°ãæãããšã§ãããåªããŠäººã
ãæ
ããã§ãããåœåã®æãŠãŸã§æããããšæ
ãæ·±ãæ©æµãåããŠããã¯ãã§ãããã倩äžã®ãã®äžåããã¹ãŠä»ã®æ©æµã«æµŽããŠãããšã¯èšããªããããã§äžå®(ä»ã»æ³ã»å§)ã®åšå
ãšéåã«é Œã£ãŠã倩å°ãšãã«å®æ³°ã«ãªãããããã®äžãŸã§ã®å¹žããé¡ãäºæ¥ãè¡ã£ãŠãçããšãçãããã®ããšããšãæ ããããšãæããã®ã§ããã[1, p114]
 ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄
ã倧ä»å»ºç«ã®ä»äºãæ ã£ãã®ããä»åž«ã»åœäžé£å ¬éº»å(ãã«ã®ãªãããããã¿ãŸã)ã ã£ããäžåœã®å€§ä»ã¯å²©å Žãæã£ããã®ã ã£ãããæ±å€§å¯ºã®å€§ä»ã¯éé ã§ã倧å€ãªæè¡ãèŠãããã®ã ã£ãã

ã倧ä»å»ºç«ãæãéããåœäžé£å
¬éº»åã¯ã倧ãã«è³è³ãããŠè¯ãã¯ãã§ãããšãããããªããåœäžé£å
¬éº»åã®åã¯æŽå²ã§ããŸãèªãããŠããŸãããåœäžé£å
¬éº»åã¯ããã£ãšã¯ããŒãºã¢ãããããŠããååšã§ãã
ãåœäžé£å
¬éº»åã®äœåã¯ãæ±å€§å¯ºæ³è¯å ã®ãæ¥å
ã»æå
è©è©åããæ±å€§å¯ºæå£å ã®ãå倩çåããªã©ãæ®ã£ãŠããŸãããããã®èŠäºãã¯å®¹æã«æšæž¬ãããŸããããã«å ããŠããã®åœ¢è±¡é¡äŒŒããåææ寺ã®ç®ãéããŠæ²æãããéçåãããããšã¯å¯Ÿç
§çãªæ³é寺倢殿ã®ç®ãèŠéãããè¡ä¿¡åãããããŸããã»ã»ã»
ããããã®ä»åã¯ç¥ã
ããã«å ããåãšéã䜵ãæã€å®å®ãã姿ãããŠããŸãããéããªãå倧ãããé«è²ŽãªãåçŽããšè©ããããã®ãªã·ã¢ã®å€å
žåœ«åã«å
±éããç¹åŸŽãæããã§ãã[1, p115]
 ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄
ãç§ã¯ããã®ä»åž«ãæ¥æ¬ã®ãã±ã©ã³ãžã§ããšåŒãã§ã¯ã°ãããŸããããšç°äžææã¯æèšããã[d]
â ïŒïŒæŽå²ããèªå·±ãæ£ããåãéããšããããã«
ã以äžãç°äžææãèå€åŠãæç®åŠãç¥è©±åŠãçŸåŠã建ç¯ãæè¡ãªã©ã®å€æ¹é¢ã®ç¥èŠãç·åå¡ããŠãåŸæ¥ã®æŽå²åŠã®ãå®èª¬ããæ¹å€ããŠãããã足跡ã®ããäžéšã蟿ã£ãŠèŠãããã®ä»ã«ããŸã ãŸã å€ãã®ãããã¯ã¹ããããå šäœã«ã€ããŠã¯[1]ãèŠãŠããã ãããããæ¥æ¬å²ãå€ããïŒïŒã®æ°çºèŠããšããå¯é¡ã©ãããç°äžå²åŠã®ç°¡äŸ¿ãªç·èŠ§ã»å ¥éæžãšãªã£ãŠããã
ãããããŠé芧ããŠã¿ããšãçŸåšã®æŽå²åŠã®ååã¶ããå€ãããäžçå倧ææããæã¡äžããŠãæ¥æ¬ã¯äžåœææã®ãåŸå±åœãã§ãããã®ããã«èŠãããããäžåœãæé®®ããã®ãæž¡æ¥äººããæ¥æ¬ã«ææãããããããšèãããæ¥æ¬åºæã®çžæææãåœäžé£å ¬éº»åãªã©ã¯ç¡èŠããè埳倪åã«è³ã£ãŠã¯ååšããåŠå®ããããšããããèšçŽãã¯ã倩ç家ã®æ£çµ±æ§ã瀺ãããã®æé ããšåãæšãŠãã
ããã®ããã«äººã
ãåžžã«äžå®ã®æ¹åã«èªå°ããããšããè«èª¬ã¯ãåŠåããšããåã«å€ããªããæ¿æ²»çãããã¬ã³ããšåŒã¶ã¹ãã§ãããæŽå²ãé(ããã¿)ãšããããã«ã¯ãããããæªãã é¡ã§ã¯ãã¡ã ãå²å®ã粟確å
¬æ£ã«æ±ãçã®åŠåãšããŠã®ãæŽå²åŠããå¿
èŠã§ããããã®ããã®æŠããç°äžææã¯ç¶ããŠããã
ïŒæ責ãäŒå¢é
è£ïŒ
ãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒ
çŸåšã«ç¶ããŠããæ¥æ¬ææïŒäžçïŒå€§ææ - ãããããã®ç¥ã
ã®æ£²ãåœã§â
¡
https://blog.goo.ne.jp/yaom/e/49976d86c0ae5bb4d02f95cf98576b10
ãæ¥æ¬ã®åžžèã¯äžçã®éåžžèãã£ãŠãå®ã¯ãã£ãããããŸãããæè¿ãç§ã¯ãã®äžéšïŒå€§éšåïŒïŒã¯æŠåŸãæå³çã«æäœãããŠããããšã«æ°ã¥ãã¯ãããŸããã
ãäŸãã°ãåŠæ ¡ã®äººæç§åŠç³»ã®æç§æžãå°åŠæ ¡ç€ŸäŒãäžåŠã®æŽå²ãå ¬æ°ãé«æ ¡ã»å€§åŠã®äžçå²ãªã©âŠ
ãæŠåŸã®æ¥æ¬ã®åŠæ ¡ã®ãäžçå²ãã§ã¯ããäžçïŒå€§ææã®çºçãã ãæããããŠãããšæããŸãããããããäžçã®éåžžèããªã®ã§ãã
ãçŸä»£ã«ç¶ããŠããäžççææã¯ãïŒãŸãã¯ïŒã€ã«åé¡ãããŠãããå¿
ããæ¥æ¬ææããå
¥ã£ãŠããã®ã§ãã
ã
ãã§ã¯ããµãã¥ãšã«ã»ïŒ°ã»ãã³ãã£ã³ãã³ã®æåãªèæžãææã®è¡çªãïŒéè±ç€ŸïŒãããäžéšæç²ã»åŒçšããŠã玹ä»ããŸãããã
ã59ïœ62ãïŒâ»è²ã€ãã¯çè
ïŒ
ãïœïœçŸä»£ã®äž»èŠææã¯ä»¥äžã®ããã«ãªãã
ã»äžè¯ææïŒãïœïœçŽå
å1500幎ã«ããããŠããããã¯ãã®1000幎åããäžã€ã®æ確ãªäžåœææãååšããŠãããããããã¯äºã€ã®ææããã£ãŠïœïœ
ã»æ¥æ¬ææïŒäžéšã®åŠè ã¯æ¥æ¬ã®æåãšäžåœã®æåã極æ±ææãšããèŠåºãã§ã²ãšãããã«ããŠãããã ããã»ãšãã©ã®åŠè ã¯ããããã«ãæ¥æ¬ãåºæã®ææãšããŠèªèããäžåœææãã掟çããŠè¥¿æŠ100幎ãªãã400幎ã®ææã«ããããããšèŠãŠããããïŒãã®é ã¯å šæåŒçšïŒ
ã»ãã³ãã¥ææïŒã€ã³ãäºå€§éžã«ã¯å°ãªããšãçŽå
å1500幎ããããäžã€ãŸãã¯ãã以äžã®ææãïœïœ
ã»ã€ã¹ã©ã ææïŒïœïœè¥¿æŠäžäžçŽã«ã¢ã©ãã¢ã¢ã©ãã¢å島ã«ç«¯ãçºããŠïœïœ
ã»è¥¿æ¬§ææïŒè¥¿æ¬§ææã¯ãµã€ã西æŠ700幎ãªãã800幎ã«ããããããšããããäžè¬ã«åŠè ãã¡ã¯ãããã«ãšãŒããããåã¢ã¡ãªã«ãã©ãã³ã¢ã¡ãªã«ã®äžã€ã®äž»èŠãªæ§æèŠçŽ ããããšèŠãŠããããïŒãã®é ã¯å šæåŒçšïŒ
ã»ãã·ã¢æ£æäŒææïŒïœïœãã·ã¢ãäžå¿ãšãããã¶ã³ãã£ã³ææã芪ãšããæ£æäŒææãïœïœ
ã»ã©ãã³ã¢ã¡ãªã«ææïŒïœïœãšãŒãããææããçãŸããã«ãããããããã©ãã³ã¢ã¡ãªã«ææã¯ãšãŒããããåã¢ã¡ãªã«ã®ææãšã¯ç°ãªãéããã©ã£ãŠçºå±ãããïœïœ
ã»ã¢ããªã«ææïŒååšãããšèããå ŽåïŒïŒïœïœäž»èŠãªææç 究è
ã®ã»ãšãã©ã¯æ確ãªã¢ããªã«ææãšãããã®ãèªããŠããªããïœïœ
ã西欧瀟äŒã§ã¯ããã¡ããšåŠåçã«è¥¿æ¬§ææããæ¥æ¬ææãå€ããšèªããŠæããŠããŸãã
ãæ¥æ¬ã®åŠæ ¡ã§ããæ¥æ¬ææããšããèšèããã¡ããšæããŠããªãïŒãšæããŸããâŠïŒã®ã¯ããã£ãããªãã§ããããïŒ
ãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒ
äžçå倧ææãšããã®ã¯äžçã®éåžžèã ã£ã
https://www.no-dame.info/civilization/
æåŠæ ¡ã§ã¯ãäžçå倧ææããšç¿ããŸããã
ã¡ãœãã¿ãã¢ææã»ãšãžããææã»ã€ã³ãã¹ææã»é»æ²³ææã
ãããäžçã®åžžèã¯7ãŸãã¯8ã€ã«åé¡ãããŠããŸãã
ãäžçå倧ææããšç¿ãã®ã¯æ¥æ¬ãããã ããã§ãã
ãå倧ææãã¯æ¢åè¶
ïŒ1873ïœ1927)ãšããäžåœäººãå±ãããã®ã§åŠè¡çæ ¹æ ã¯ãããŸããããžã£ãŒããªã¹ãã§ããæ¿æ²»å®¶ã§ãã£ãæ¢åè¶
ããã20äžçŽå€ªå¹³æŽæã(1900幎)ãšèšãè©©ã§è§Šãããã®ã«éããŸãããæ¥æ¬ã§å®èª¬ã«ãªã£ãŠãããäžçå倧ææãã«ã¯åŠåçãªæ ¹æ ã¯ç¡ãã®ã§ãã
ãæ¥æž
æŠäº(1894ïœ1895幎)ã§æããåŸãæ¢åè¶
ã¯æ¥æ¬ã«äº¡åœãäžåœã®è¿ä»£åãç®æããæ¥æ¬ã«åŠã³ãèšè«æŽ»åãå±éããŸãããããããäžã§åœŒã¯äžåœã奮ãç«ãããããã«ãå倧ææãããããããããã«ãé»æ²³ææããå
¥ããã®ã§ãã
æ¥æ¬ä»¥å€ã®æç§æžã¯ã
ããŒããŒã倧åŠã®ãµãã¥ãšã«ã»ãã³ãã£ã³ãã³ææãæå±ãã
ãïŒå€§ææããæããŠããããã§ãã
ãïŒå€§ææãã®äžã«ã¯ãæ¥æ¬ææããããŸãã
æ¥æ¬ææã¯å倧ææããããåãä»ããäžäžå¹Žåã®çžææ代ããç¶ããŠããŸãã
ãªãã§ãããªã«ããããªããŠããããšãæããªãã§ããããïŒ
ãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒ
ãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒãŒ