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超高品質で市場シェアが奪われ衰退する耐久財産業:2023年5月17日(水)

耐久財には買い替え需要のサイクルがあり,耐久財を製造する企業では,市場に供給する財が,ある一定期間が過ぎて消耗(減耗)することや壊れることによって,次の新たな有効需要が創出されてきた。日本の多くの優良企業は,あまりに優秀すぎて長い間壊れない超高品質の耐久財等を生産してきてしまった。だから,高価格となり価格競争面で不利になっただけでなく,一度購入してしまうと次の買い替え需要の時期が遠く,その間に,低価格で相対的に粗悪で,比較的に壊れやすく買い替え需要サイクルが短い企業が,技術進歩でレベルアップしたversionの財を市場に提供して,市場シェアを席巻しているのだという仮説を主張する専門家がいる。たとえば,半導体産業が好個の事例ではないかとの指摘がある。

 LCA(ライフサイクルアセスメント)の観点から見れば,大変忌々しきことである。こうした観点から,産業政策が必要なのか,不要なのかについては意見が対立する点である。しかしながら,企業ではどうにも解決できないような,「市場の外部性」に起因する問題については政府が優先して具体的に対応を検討してもらいたい。

Decline of the durable goods industry as it loses market share to ultra-high-quality products:May 17th(Wednesday)

The durable goods industry is experiencing a decline as it faces the challenge of high-quality products losing market share. In this industry, there is a cycle of replacement demand where the goods produced by companies become depleted or broken after a certain period, creating new effective demand for the next cycle. Many excellent Japanese companies have been producing highly durable goods of such exceptional quality that they rarely break for an extended period. As a result, not only do these goods become expensive, putting them at a disadvantage in terms of price competition, but once purchased, the time for the next replacement demand becomes distant. During that time, companies with shorter replacement cycles, relatively lower quality, and relatively higher susceptibility to breaking have been offering upgraded versions of goods at lower prices through technological advancements, thus capturing the market share. The hypothesis is supported by experts who argue that this phenomenon is particularly evident in industries such as the semiconductor industry.

From the perspective of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), this is a concerning situation. Regarding whether industrial policies are necessary or unnecessary from this standpoint, opinions differ and clash. However, issues caused by "market externalities" that cannot be resolved by companies themselves should be prioritized by the government for concrete solutions.