
ðºðž FRBè°é·ãã¯ãã«ãªãïŒåœç¶ã§ãïŒããããããã ãã§ã¯ãªãïŒãã©ã³ã倧統é ã¯35å ãã«ãã®ç±³åœåµåãåž³æ¶ãã«ããçºã«ãä»®æ³é貚XRPã«ããéæ¬äœå¶æ°ãã«ã«åãæ¿ãããã€ããã§ãããããªãã°ç±³åœäžå€®éè¡ã§ããFRBã¯æ¶æ» ããŠããŸãã
ãã®æç« ã¯ã2019幎ã«èµ·ãã£ããã©ã³ã倧統é ãšããŠãšã«FRBè°é·ã®éã®å¯Ÿç«ã軞ã«ãç±³åœé£éŠæºåå¶åºŠçäºäŒïŒFRBïŒã®ç¬ç«æ§ãããã®è§£ä»»ã®å¯èœæ§ã«ã€ããŠè¿°ã¹ãŠããŸãããŸãããã©ã³ã倧統é ã®åéžåŸã®ã·ããªãªã«ã€ããŠã®äºæž¬ãå«ãŸããŠãããæŽå²çãªäºäŸãšããŠ1979幎ã®ã«ãŒã¿ãŒå€§çµ±é ãšãã©ãŒFRBè°é·ã®ã±ãŒã¹ãåãäžããããŠããŸãã
ãŸããFRBã®ç¬ç«æ§ã«ã€ããŠèª¬æããŸããFRBã¯ãã¢ã¡ãªã«ã®äžå€®éè¡ãšããŠéèæ¿çãæ
åœããŠããããã®éå¶ã«ã¯å€§çµ±é ãè°äŒããã®ç¬ç«ã匷ãæ±ããããŠããŸããFRBãæ¿æ²»çå§åã«å±ããŠéèæ¿çãå€æŽãããšãåžå Žãçµæžãžã®åœ±é¿ãäºæž¬äžèœãªãã®ãšãªããéèæ¿çãžã®ä¿¡é Œãæºããããšã«ãªããããFRBã¯ãããŸã§çµæžã®å®æ
ã«åºã¥ããŠæ¿çã決å®ããããšãçæ³ãšãããŠããŸãããã®ãç¬ç«æ§ãã¯ãããŸã§æ
£ç¿çãªãã®ã§ãããé£éŠæºåæ³ïŒFederal Reserve ActïŒã«ã¯å
·äœçãªç¬ç«ã®æ¡æã¯æèšãããŠããŸããããã®ãããæŽä»£ã®å€§çµ±é ãFRBã«å¯ŸããŠå§åããããããšããããŸããããè°é·ã®è§£ä»»ã«ã¯è³ããªãããšãã»ãšãã©ã§ãã
2019幎ãããŠãšã«è°é·ã¯çµæžæé·ãšç©äŸ¡å®å®ãå³ãããã«å©äžããè¡ããŸãããããã®æ±ºå®ã¯åœæã®ãã©ã³ã倧統é ã®æåã«åãããã®ã§ããããã©ã³ã倧統é ã¯ãç¹ã«æ ªåŒåžå Žã®å®å®ãšçµæžæé·ãéèŠèŠããŠãããããéå©ãåŒãäžããããèŠæ±ããŠããã®ã§ããéå©ãäœããã°äŒæ¥ã®åå
¥ã³ã¹ããäžãããèšåæè³ãéçšã®å¢å ã«ç¹ããããããªãããã倧統é ã¯èªãã®çµæžæ¿çã®æšé²ãå³ã£ãŠããŸãããããããããŠãšã«è°é·ã¯FRBã®ç¬ç«æ§ãéèŠãããã©ã³ã倧統é ã®æåãç¡èŠããŠéèæ¿çãé²ããŸããããã®äžä»¶ã¯ãåœæã®ç±³åœã§å€§ããªè°è«ãå·»ãèµ·ããããã©ã³ã倧統é ã¯ããŠãšã«è°é·ã®è§£ä»»ã瀺åããçºèšãŸã§è¡ãã«è³ã£ãã®ã§ãã
å®éããã©ã³ã倧統é ã就任åŸã«ããŠãšã«è°é·ã解任ããå¯èœæ§ã¯æ³çã«ã¯ååšããŸããããããé£éŠæºåæ³ã«ã¯FRBè°é·ã®è§£ä»»ã«é¢ããå
·äœçãªèŠå®ããªããè°é·ã®è·åæ æ
¢ãéè¡ããã£ãå Žåã§ããªãéããè°é·ã®è§£ä»»ã¯çŸå®çã«ã¯é£ãããšãããŠããŸããä»®ã«ãã©ã³ã倧統é ãããŠãšã«è°é·ã解任ããããšããå Žåãè°äŒãé£éŠæºåæ³ãæ¹æ£ããå¿
èŠãããããã®ããã«ã¯è°äŒã®è³åãå¿
èŠã§ããããã¯ã¢ã¡ãªã«ã®äžæš©åç«ã象城ãããã®ã§ãè°äŒãç¹ã«äžé¢ã®æ¿èªãªãã«ã¯è°é·ã®è§£ä»»ã¯ã§ããŸããããã®ãããè°é·ã解任ããã«ã¯è°äŒã®ååãäžå¯æ¬ ã§ããããã©ã³ã倧統é ãè°é·è§£ä»»ã匷è¡ããããšã¯å®éã«ã¯æ¥µããŠé£ãããšèããããŸãã
ãã®ãããªèæ¯ããããã©ã³ã倧統é ã就任åŸã«ããŠãšã«è°é·ãå³ããæ¹å€ããå¯èœæ§ã¯ãããã®ã®ãå®éã«è§£ä»»ããããšã¯ãªãã§ããããå®éã1979幎ã®ã«ãŒã¿ãŒå€§çµ±é ãšãã©ãŒè°é·ã®äŸã§ã¯ãã«ãŒã¿ãŒå€§çµ±é ããã©ãŒè°é·ã財åé·å®ã«ææ Œããã圢ã§äºå®äžæŽè¿ããŸãããããã«ããããã©ãŒè°é·ã¯éèæ¿çã®å®æš©ã倱ããå®è³ªçã«ã¯è§£ä»»ãšåçã®æªçœ®ãåããããšãããŠããŸããã圢åŒçã«ã¯è§£ä»»ãšã¯ç°ãªã圢ã§è¡ãããŸããããã®ã±ãŒã¹ã¯ãFRBè°é·ã圢åŒäžè§£ä»»ããã«è·åã倱ãããæ¹æ³ã®äžäŸãšããŠæŽå²ã«èšé²ãããŠããŸãã
ãŸããFRBã®æ¿çã倧統é ã®æ¿çæ¹éãšåèŽããªãå Žåãè°é·ã®ä»»ææºäºãŸã§å€§çµ±é ãåŸ
ã€ãšããã®ããããèŠãããã·ããªãªã§ããããŠãšã«è°é·ã®ä»»æã¯ãŸã 1幎ããŸãæ®ã£ãŠããããã©ã³ã倧統é ã次æè°é·ãèªèº«ã®æåã«æ²¿ã£ã人ç©ã«æåããå¯èœæ§ã¯é«ãã§ãããããã©ã³ã倧統é ã¯ãèªãã®çµæžæ¿çãæ¯æããåžå Žãšçµæžã«å¯ŸããŠå©äžããªã©ã®ç·©åçãªæ¿çãå®è¡ããè°é·ãéžã³ãããšèããã§ããããããã«ããããã©ã³ã倧統é ã¯èªèº«ã®ä»»æäžã«éèæ¿çãããã«ç©æ¥µçã«é²ããããšãã§ããçµæžæé·ãå éãããçãããããšèããããŸãã
æåŸã«ãFRBãå©äžããé²ããéå©ã倧å¹
ã«äœäžããããšã§ãæ ªåŒåžå Žãçºæ¿åžå Žã«å€§ããªåœ±é¿ãçããå¯èœæ§ããããŸããäœéå©æ¿çã¯æ ªåŒåžå Žã«ãããŠã¯äžè¬çã«ããžãã£ããªåœ±é¿ããããããæè³å®¶ãããé«ããªã¿ãŒã³ãæ±ããŠæ ªåŒã«è³éãæå
¥ãããããªããããæ ªäŸ¡ã®äžæãæåŸ
ãããŸããããããéå©ã®äœäžã¯ãã«ã®äŸ¡å€ã®äžèœã«ç¹ããããšããããçºæ¿åžå Žã§ãã«å®ãé²è¡ããå¯èœæ§ããããŸããç¹ã«ããã«ãä»åœé貚ã«å¯ŸããŠå€§å¹
ã«å®ããªããšã茞å
¥ç©äŸ¡ãäžæããç©äŸ¡äžæïŒã€ã³ãã¬ïŒãªã¹ã¯ãé«ãŸãæžå¿µããããŸãããã®ãããFRBãéå©ã倧å¹
ã«åŒãäžããå Žåã«ã¯ãæ ªåŒåžå Žãæ¥éš°ããäžæ¹ã§ãã€ã³ãã¬æžå¿µãçºæ¿ãªã¹ã¯ãé«ãŸããšããäžå®å®ãªç¶æ³ãäºæž¬ãããŸãã
以äžã®ããã«ãFRBè°é·ã®è§£ä»»åé¡ã¯æ³çã«ãæ¿æ²»çã«ãè€éã§ãããFRBã®ç¬ç«æ§ã匷ãå®ãããŠããããšããã倧統é ã®æåã§ç°¡åã«è§£ä»»ããããšã¯é£ãããšãããŠããŸãããŸããFRBã®æ¿çã倧統é ã®æåã«åããå Žåã§ããè°é·ãä»»æãå
šãããã±ãŒã¹ãå€ããä»åŸããã©ã³ã倧統é ãããŠãšã«è°é·ãå³ããæ¹å€ãããã®ã®ã解任ã«ã¯è³ããªãå¯èœæ§ãé«ãã§ãããããããŠãéèæ¿çãä»åŸãåžå Žã«å¯ŸããŠåœ±é¿ãäžãç¶ããéå©ã®å€åãæ ªåŒåžå Žãçºæ¿åžå Žã«æ³¢åããå¯èœæ§ãé«ããããæè³å®¶ã«ãšã£ãŠã泚èŠãã¹ãããŒããšèšããã§ãããã